WTO-2021年版世界关税概况报告（英）

World Tariff Profiles 2021 ereals & preparations Coffee, tea Beverages & tobacco ars and confectionery Oilseeds, fats & oils Petroleum r agricultural products Cotton Electrical machinery Clothing Transport equipment Chemicals Textiles n-electrical machinery SPECIAL TOPIC Leather, footwear, etc. Non-tariff measures: Manufactures, n.e.s. Wood, paper, etc. Estimating analytical Minerals & etals indicators using UNCTAD’s Trade Analysis Information System (TRAINS) About this publication World Tariff Profiles is a co-publication of the WTO, ITC and UNCTAD on market access for goods. This annual publication provides comprehensive information on the tariffs and non-tariff measures imposed by over 170 countries and customs territories. Non-WTO members are included if data on the tariffs they applied in 2020 or 2019 are available in the databases of the WTO, ITC or UNCTAD. For more information The statistical tables included in this report can be downloaded from the WTO web site at www.wto.org/statistics Contents General note and abbreviations Introduction 2 3 I. Summary tables 4 Tariff 6 6 Description of column headings Technical notes 7 All products 8 Agricultural products Non-agricultural products Trade 14 20 26 26 27 28 Description of column headings Technical notes Imports and exports profile II. Country/territory tariff profiles 34 Index of tariff profiles Technical notes 37 38 43 Country/territory tariff profiles III. Non-tariff measures 194 1. Introduction 197 198 198 209 218 2. Statistics on some selected non-tariff measures 2.1. Anti-dumping 2.2. Countervailing measures 2.3. Safeguards IV. Special topic: Non-tariff measures: Estimating analytical indicators using UNCTAD’s Trade Analysis Information System (TRAINS) 224 238 Introduction 226 227 230 231 236 237 Data availability and dissemination Use of NTMs Results and policy conclusions References Annex V. Annexes A. Data sources 240 245 B. Frequently asked questions Acknowledgements 248 Download the data: www.wto.org/statistics WTO ITC UNCTAD World Tariff Profiles 2021 1 General note and abbreviations Abbreviations The statistics related to applied tariffs and imports are calculated using data which are based on the HS nomenclature adopted by the country for the reference year. For statistics on bound tariffs, the calculations are based on the approved schedule of concessions of the WTO member. In previous issues of World Tariff Profiles, each schedule is based on the HS version which the member used when it acceded to the WTO. Starting with the 2010 issue of this publication, bound tariff statistics are based on the approved schedule of concessions for each member in the most recent HS version. This might have some implications on the historical series of various bound tariff indicators affected by the use of a different nomenclature. While the member’s commitments have not changed as a result of the transposition, some aggregate statistics might have been affected as a consequence of the change to another HS version. nomenclature breakdowns. These are: (1) binding coverage; (2) tariff bindings not fully implemented; and (3) AVEs. AVG AG Average Agricultural products Ad valorem equivalent • While binding commitments cover all agricultural products, in principle, this is not always the case for AVE HS Harmonized System (nomenclature) non-agricultural goods. There are a number of WTO members where the binding coverage for non-agricultural products is less – and sometimes much less – than 100 per cent. Also, a number of developed countries have not yet fully bound all the tariff lines in their schedules. Any comparison of bound and applied tariff indicators is only valid in cases of full binding coverage. Max Maximum duty MFN NAV Non-AG SSG TL Most favoured nation Non-ad valorem duty Nonagriculturalproducts Special safeguards Tariff line UV Unit value • For most WTO members, except the most recently acceded ones, all commitments dating back to the Uruguay Round have by now been implemented. In cases where commitments are not yet fully implemented, one may see MFN applied averages or maxima exceeding the corresponding bound duty indicators. Notations – Not applicable 0 = 0 (not rounded) >0 and <0.05 0.0 The classification of products into agricultural and non-agricultural is based on Annex 1 of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture which lists all products covered in the Agreement. The Annex enumerates HS codes that are subject to the agriculture negotiations in the WTO and are considered agricultural products. HS codes which are not in Annex 1 are subject to the non-agricultural market access negotiations and are considered non-agricultural pr