2022年高考英语一轮复习主题训练二十四自然灾害与防范安全常识与自我保护含解析

1、主题训练(二十四)自然灾害与防范，安全常识与自我保护大阅读提升阅读速度内化读文规律(满分70分，限时55分钟).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)AClimate change leads to a threat to the worlds sandy beaches, and as many as half of them could disappear by 2100, a new study has found.Even by 2050 some coastlines could be unrecognizable from what we see today, with 14% to 15% facing severe erosion (侵蚀)Using updated sea level rise predictions, the researchers analyzed how beaches around the world would be in a future with higher seas and more damaging storms.They

2、also considered natural processes like wave erosion, as well as human factors like coastal building developments, which can affect a beachs health.The study found that sea level rise is expected to outweigh these other factors, and that the more heattrapping gases humans put into the atmosphere, the worse the influences on the worlds beaches are likely to be.Its hard to overstate just how important the worlds beaches are.They cover more than one third of the worlds coastlines, and protect coasta

3、l areas from storms.Beaches are also important economic engines, supporting relaxation, tourism and other activities.And in some areas, the beach is more than a vacation destination.In places like Australia, life near the coast revolves around the beach for much of the year.Some of the worlds most popular beaches are already taking action.Places like Miami Beach are trucking in thousands of tons of sand to patch up (修补) badly eroded shorelines, while others have built sea walls and breakwaters i

4、n an attempt to hold precious sand in place.But the financial and environmental costs of these projects are huge, and scientists say rough seas and more powerful storms, supercharged by a warmer climate, will make this a losing battle.However, the researchers did find that humans have some control over what happens to the worlds beaches.If the worlds governments are able to stick to modest cuts in heattrapping gas pollution, the researchers found that 17% of projected beach losses by 2050 could

5、be prevented, and that number will grow to 40% by 2100 if greenhouse gases are limited.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现：气候变化对世界上的沙滩造成了威胁，预计到2100年，多达一半的沙滩可能会消失。因此，一些世界上最受欢迎的海滩已经开始采取行动。1Which is the biggest contributor to severe beach erosion?ADamaging storms.BWave erosion.CCoastal buildings. DSea level rise.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段的内容尤其是“The study found that sea level rise is expected to outweigh these other factors”可知，有很多因素会造成沙滩被侵蚀，其中海平面上升是导致沙滩被严重侵蚀的最大因素。2.(衡水中学2022中考模拟）What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A

6、It is hard to protect coastal beaches.BOne third of storms take place near beaches.CBeaches are of great significance to our lives.DMost Australians live on beach tourism.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第三段的主旨句“Its hard to overstate just how important the worlds beaches are.”可知，再怎么强调世界海滩的重要性也不为过。再根据该段中的“Beaches are also important economic engines, supporting relaxation, tourism and other activities.”可知，海滩也是重要的经济引擎，支撑着休闲、旅游和其他活动。根据段尾的“life near the coast revolves around the beach for much of the year”可知，靠近海岸的生活一年中很

7、多时间都以海滩为中心。由此可以推断，第三段主要强调了沙滩对我们的生活非常重要。3What does the underlined word “this” refer to in Paragraph 4?APopularizing the beaches.BHolding sand in place.CReducing the project costs.DStopping global warming.解析：选B代词指代题。根据第四段中的“Places like Miami Beach .sand in place”可知，像迈阿密海滩这样的地方正在努力修补严重侵蚀的海岸线，而其他地方则建造了海堤和防波堤，试图把珍贵的沙子固定住。再根据本段最后一句可知，科学家说汹涌的海洋和更强大的风暴因更温暖的气候而增压，这将会使得固定沙子是一项失败的举措。因此可知，this指的是holding sand in place。B(2022重庆调研)A shirt, tie and blazer may not be my favorite, but if I were given the choice,

8、I wouldnt throw away the idea of school uniform. Wearing a uniform is a badge of pride, creates an identity for a school and is an important part of being a school student.My school is one of many that seem to be shifting to a more formal uniform this September I will be wearing a shirt and blazer instead of my old jumper and polo shirt. A number of students have complained about the change, but some people believe that a school uniform can improve learning by reducing distraction, sharpening fo

9、cus on schoolwork and making the classroom a more serious environment, allowing students to perform better academically. Perhaps most importantly, a uniform means students dont have to worry about peer pressure when it comes to their clothes. When everyone is dressed the same, worrying about what you look like isnt so important. There is no competition about being dressed in the latest trend, which would put a great deal of financial pressure on students and parents. Potential bullies have one less target for their insults; its hard to make fun of what someone is wearing when youre dressed exactly the same.In America, where a majority of schools do not have a uniform, roughly 160,000 children miss school every day due to fear of attack or intimidation by other students. This might not be directly linked to what theyre wearing, but having a uniform can be a saf

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