新版外研社八年级下M8知识点总结.doc

M8 Time off1. hardly (adv.) hard (adj.) (adv.) Eg：Pass my glasses to me, I can hardly see the words on the blackboard. It’s hard to learn English well. He studies hard, so he passes the exam easily.28hear about/of hear from sb be popular with be busy doing sth 3. Here we are. 本句以here为开头，若主语为代词，则用主+谓的语序(不需要用倒装)；若主语为普通名词，则应用全部倒装，即将谓语提到主语之前 Eg：Here you are. Here are some ideas.4. welcome to sp welcome home/back 5. so……that…… (so+adj./adv.) such……that…… (such+n.)Eg：He is so clever that he can work out the most difficult problem. It’s such an interesting film that we all like it very much. 【拓展】so that 为了(表示目的)Eg：I save money so that I can buy a new mobile phone.6. hear/watch/notice/see sb do sth (强调动作的整个过程) doing sth (强调动作正在进行)Eg：Everyday, I watch them play football on the playground. I saw every student reading English in the classroom this morning.7. be famous/well-known for 因为……而闻名 as 作为……而闻名 Eg：Hangzhou is famous for West Lake. She is famous as a singer.8. take up Eg：The piano takes up too much room, could you help move it out? 【拓展】与take相关的短语： take care of=look after take care take away 9. point out Eg：Could you point out the mistakes? 【拓展】与point相关的短语：point at/to (at：远距离 to：近距离)Eg：He pointed to the tower. Don’t point at the old with a finger.10. It is +adj. to do sth want to do sth look+adj.(系动词+adj.)11. why don’t you/we do sth = why not do sth Eg：Why not go shopping this weekend? 【拓展】(1) 复建议的常用句型 What/ how about doing sth Let’s do sth/ we should do sth (2) why not 用于情景交际中表示同意对方的观点 Eg：---How about seeing a movie on Sunday? ---Why not?12. allow sb to do sth 允许sb去做sth sb be allowed to do sth doing sth 允许做sth Eg：My parents allow me to watch TV on weekends. Are the students allowed to eat in the classroom? Our teachers allow playing here.13. go for a swim have a picnic= go for a picnic go for a walk = have/take a walk 14. at the top of hope to do sth hope that+句子 Eg：There are many trees at the top of the hill. I hope to pass the exam. I hope that we can see each other soon.15. waste (vt.) Eg：Don’t waste water. 【拓展】(1) waste time/money on sth (2) waste time/money (in) doing sth Eg：A lot of students waste time on TV. Don’t waste time playing computer games.16. promise to do sth： promise sb. sth.： promise that+句子 Eg：My uncle promised to buy a gift for me. I promise her a new watch. He promises that he can return on time. 【拓展】promise还可以作名词，意为”诺言” make a promise keep a promise break a promise 17. have a wonderful time=enjoy oneself by + sp 在……旁边 make much noise (n.) noisy (adj.) noisily (adv.)18. wake up 叫醒sb (代词只能放中间，名词放中间和后面均可) Eg：Please wake Tom up.= Please wake up Tom. Don’t wake him up.19. somebody 某人，有人(作主语时，谓语动词用单数) move about Eg：There is somebody in the room. She moved about a lot. 【拓展】与move相关的短语：move away move in move out move on 20. look for It is a pity that……21. above 在……上面(并不一定是在正上方，仅高于sth) →below over 在……正上方(指垂直上方，且不接触) →under on 在……上面(有接触) Eg：There is a bridge over the river. We were flying above the clouds. There are some books on the desk.22. pull 拉，扯 →push 推 Eg：Pull the door.【拓展】与pull相关的短语： pull down pull out of Eg：They pulled down many old buildings last year. He pulled out of a tooth.23. the second largest the +序数词+最高级表示”第几最……的” Eg：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.24. do sightseeing= go sightseeing Eg：Did you do any sightseeing last month?Grammer：1.直接引语：直接引述别人的原话.间接引语：用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来.（1）直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语要把陈述句变成由that 引导的宾语从句。

例： Mary said, “I am glad to see you.”→Mary said (that) she was glad to see me.（2）直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语，要把一般疑问句变成由if/whether引导的宾语从句，同时语序改为陈述句语序例：I asked Tom，“Are you a student?”→I asked Tom if he was a student.（3）直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，要把特殊疑问句变成由疑问词引导的宾语从句，同时语序改为陈述句语序例：He asked me ,“What do you want to buy?” →He asked me what I wanted to buy.（4）直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，要使用t。