备战2019年高考英语 纠错笔记系列 专题12 七选五（含解析）.doc

专题12 七选五易错点1 忽视词汇和关键信息衔接导致的错误(1)忽视词汇线索——代词Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago... In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history — a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was only the beginning. 2 The process of urbanization — the migration (迁移) of people from the countryside to the city — was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.D. Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.【错因分析】考生容易因忽视代词线索或者没有分析清楚代词所指代的对象而误选其他答案。

正确答案】D英语表达中，代词出现的频率极高代词是指代名词或句子的，通过代词在句中的成分，可以判断它所指代内容的类型在详读文章和选项的过程中，一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，特别是选项中以及空格附近句子中出现的代词根据代词的单复数和其在句子中所作的成分，我们可以找出代词指代的名词或者句子，从而帮助我们解题2)忽视词汇线索——同义词/近义词Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. 3 One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting.G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.【错因分析】有些学生容易忽视词汇复现而误选其他答案。

正确答案】G七选五段落前后往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一个很好的判断线索复现是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段作者在文章中会对同一个概念重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章不同的地方重复出现词汇复现通常有同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等七选五中，词汇线索是一个十分重要的解题方法，所以，浏览文章过程中圈出关键词十分重要易错点2 语意理解错误Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to separate fact from opinion, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources…Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. ____2____Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior ＂contributes to＂ or is ＂associated with＂ an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result… Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements… Evaluate ＂scientific＂ statements carefully, and be aware of quackery (江湖骗术).G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.【错因分析】学生容易因对语意理解有误而误选其他答案。

正确答案】G设问在段尾所选答案应引出下一段的内容如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有关联认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项紧密相连注意分析其与前文是转折还是对比关系此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系如果在第一段的段尾设题，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词，如转折词来引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词段尾通常是结论、概括性语句注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如：therefore，as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句易错点3 逻辑结构衔接理解错误 4 As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins (维生素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.A. Eat your greens.【错因分析】本题学生容易误认为所填句子与文章逻辑结构无关而误选其他答案。

试题解析】这是一道小标题的试题，位于整个段落的最前面，这样的选项，往往是对下面整个段落内容的概括和总结，反映整个段落的主旨和大意这种试题往往需要从下面的整段中搜索核心词汇，找出做题的线索空白处后文的内容是：作为健康饮食的一部分，每天要吃更多的水果和蔬菜维生素C和E帮助保护视力，促进眼睛健康这里根据下文的核心词汇fruits and vegetables，Vitamins可知，A项＂Eat your greens.(吃点绿色蔬菜)＂能够概括本段大意故选A项正确答案】A1. 假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主题句认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句另外着重阅读后文第一、二句，锁定线索词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种衔接手段2. 语篇标记语语篇标记语是指语篇中表明各种逻辑连接关系，并对语篇连贯起指示作用的词语语篇标记语可以是表示时间顺序的first，then，next等；表达作者组织语篇方式的for example，in other words，in short等语篇标记语不仅能表达相邻句子之间的关系，还能表明某一特定语篇的总体走向。

因此，对语篇标记语了解得越多，就越可以更好地理解文章的结构和要表达的内容3. 空前空后一篇文章的句与句之间必然有一定的逻辑关联，如果我们把其中一句抽掉，必然会影响其逻辑意义的顺畅发展比如说空前空后的两句讨论的不是同一个主题，那么空格处所在的句子一般会起转折、改变话题等作用1)从行文逻辑上判断——例证关系前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)Protect against UV rays (紫外线). Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it’s extremely important to wear sunglasses. 2 C. They can properly protect your eyes.【解析】空白处前面的句子No matter what the season is，it’s extremely important to wear sunglasses.意为＂无论是什么季节，戴太阳镜是极其重要的＂，属于总结概括句。

选项C意为＂它们可以适当地保护你的眼睛＂，本句是对上句观点的举例说明，能很好地顺接语境答案】C(2)从行文逻辑上判断——转折关系转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转的逻辑关系如果空格前后两句话之间有however(然而)，nevertheless(然而，不过)，still(还，仍然)，though(可是，不过，然而)，yet(然而)，on the contrary(正相反)，in contrast(与此相反，相比之下)，in comparison(比较起来，与……比较)，by comparison(相比之下)等词，则表明前后两句话存在逻辑上的逆转，空格处很有可能表示转折Don’t forget to forgive yourself. 5 But it can rob you of。