心理学专业英语基础4说课讲解.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式单击此处编辑母版副标题样式*1ENGLISH FOR PSYCHOLOGY Liu YanlouCONTENTSu CHAPTER ONE WHAT IS PSYCHOLOGYu CHAPTER TWO RESEARCH METHODSu CHAPTER THREE CONGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGYu CHAPTER FOUR DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGYu CHAPTER FIVE SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGYu CHAPTER SIX ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGYu CHAPTER SEVEN SKILLS OF READINGu CHAPTER EIGHT SKILLS OF WRITING Abstract Writing Writing in Social Sciences Writing in Natural SciencesREADINGSl心理学专业英语基础l心理学教育学专业英语l改变心理学的40项研究（中文版，英文版）单击此处编辑母版标题样式单击此处编辑母版副标题样式*5Chapter 1 What is psychology ?What is psychology ?1. DEFINITIONS2. THE HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGYpWHERE DID PSYCHOLOGY COME FROMpWHEN DID PSYCHOLOGY STARTEDpHOW DID PSYCHOLOGY DEVELOPWhat is psychology ?1.DEFINITIONS:The word Psychology is derived from two Greek roots:Psyche,meaning mind or soul and Logos,meaning study of.Psychology, therefore,literally means study of the mind.However,a more recent definition by Atkinson et al(1991) suggests that psychology is:The scientific study of behaviour and mental processesWhat is psychology ?DEFINITIONS:The word Psychology is derived from two Greek roots: Psyche, meaning mind or soul and Logos, meaning study of.derive:派生roots:词根mind:心灵；精神soul:灵魂；心灵；精神心理学这个单词是由psyche和logos这两个希腊词派生出来的，psyche的意思是心灵或精神，logos的意思是对研究。

Psychology, therefore,literally means study of the mind.therefore:因此literally :根据字面意思因此，从字面上来讲，心理的意思就是对于心灵(意识)的研究However,a more recent definition by Atkinsonet al(1991) suggests that psychology is:The scientific study of behaviour and mental processessuggest:认为，建议，提议然而，Atkinson（1991）等人提出了一个较新的定义，“心理学是对于行为与心理过程的科学研究”心理学是研究行为和心理过程的科学Just giving this simple definition, however, is a bit misleading, since psychologists now and throughout their history have not only disagreed about the definition of psychology but have also strongly disagreed about what should be studied in the subject and how it should be studied.然而，仅仅给出这样一个简单的定义，会有一点误导，因为无论是在历史上还是现在，心理学家不仅对于心理学的定义没有达成一致，而且对于在这个学科中应该研究什么以及应该如何研究也存在巨大的分歧。

subject:主题，科目misleading:误导的，令人误解的，引入歧途What is psychology？2.THE HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY标题内容WHERE DID PSYCHOLOGY COME FROM?Psychology developed from three main areas of study:PHILOSOPHYBIOLOGYPHYSICSPhilosophy:哲学Biology:生物学Physics:物理学心理学的来源？心理学是从三个主要的研究领域发展而来的：哲学、生物学、物理学Many of the problems which psychology has investigated were first most clearly outlined by Greek philosophers such as Socrates,Plato, and Aristotle in the 5th century BC.Two more rencent philosophical influences on the development of psychology as a science were:1 Empiricism - which argued that humans should only measure data that is objectively observable, such as behaviour.2 Positivism - which argued that the methods and principles of science should be applied to human behaviour.PHILOSOPHYPHILOSOPHYMany of the problems which psychology has investigated were first most clearly outlined by Greek philosophers such as Socrates,Plato, and Aristotle in the 5th century BC.investigate:调查，研究，探讨outline:概述，提出的纲要心理学研究的很多问题，是由希腊哲学家最先清晰提出（概要）的。

比如说公元前5世纪的Socrates,Plato, and Aristotle等such as:像，诸如，例如用于举例PHILOSOPHYTwo more recent philosophical influences on the development of psychology as a science were:1 Empiricism - which argued that humans should only measure data that is objectively observable, such as behaviour.2 Positivism - which argued that the methods and principles of science should be applied to human behaviour.当今对于心理学作为科学的发展，对于它的两个哲学性影响是：1经验主义认为人们只能去测量可以客观观测的数据，比如说行为2实证主义认为科学的原理的方法应该被应用于人类行为的研究中argue:认为，提出观点，辩论TIPS： empiricism:the belief in basing your ideas on practical experience. positivism：a kind of PHILOSOPHY that is based only on real facts which can be scientifically proved, rather than on ideas.Biology has two important influences:1 Evolution - Darwins suggestion that humans have evolved from other animals. The discoveries in genetics that followed from his evolutionary theroy have had many important implications for the study and understanding of bahaviour.2 Physiology - the discoveries, mostly by the medical profession, of the structure and function of the brain, nervous, and endocrine system have significantly contributed to the understanding of behaviour.BIOLOGY1 Evolution - Darwins suggestion that humans have evolved from other animals. The discoveries in genetics that followed from his evolutionary theroy have had many important implications for the study and understanding of bahaviour.suggestion:建议，意见，观点进化论Darwin认为人类是从别的动物进化而来的。

基因理论（遗传学）是由其理论发展而来的，在基因领域的发现，对于研究和理解行为有重大的影响implication:含义，影响，（可引申为意义）Evolution:进化论BIOLOGY2 Physiology - the discoveries, mostly by the medical profession, of the structure and function of the brain, nervous, and endocrine system have significantly contributed to the understanding of behaviour.physiology:生理学medical profession:医疗职业生理学领域尤其是医疗行业，对脑，神经，内分泌系统的结构和功能的发现，对于理解行为有重大的贡献endocrine system:内分泌系统significantly:重大地，客观地BIOLOGYlA subject that because of its great success has been adopted as the ideal model by scientist in psychology, who have borrowed its scientific methods and principles。