大学四级时态练习.ppt

时态复习时态复习      动动作作 时间时间一般一般完成完成进行进行完成进行完成进行现在现在一般现在时一般现在时I do 现在完成时现在完成时I have done现在进行时现在进行时I am doing现在完成进行时现在完成进行时I have been doing过去过去一般过去时一般过去时I did过去完成时过去完成时I had done过去进行时过去进行时I was doing过去完成进行时过去完成进行时I had been doing将来将来一般将来时一般将来时I shall/will do将来完成时将来完成时I shall/will have done将来进行时将来进行时I shall/will be doing将来完成进行时将来完成进行时I shall/will have been doing过去过去将来将来一般过去将来一般过去将来时时I should/would do过去将来过去将来完成时完成时I should/would have done过去将来过去将来进行时进行时I should/would be doing过去将来过去将来完成进行时完成进行时I should/would have been doing　　16 Different Tenses (动词的动词的16种时态种时态)现在进行时&一般现在时表示习惯性动作现在进行时•定义:强调现在正在进行的动作•公式: be+Ving•通常词汇:now, at this moment•Eg: 1.It’s raining.•2.I’m coming to see you.•3. I’m still having breakfast.一般现在时表示习惯性动作•常用词: often, always(表示习惯性经常发生的动作).•Eg: •1.I often get up early on Sunday.•2.I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.•3.Do you always get up so late?Exercises•1. She answers my letters. (rarely)•2. We work after six o’clock. (never)•3. The shops close on Saturday afternoon.• (always) 4. Our teacher collects our exercise books.(• (frequently)•5. We spend our holidays abroad. ( sometimes) 6. Do you buy CDs? (ever)Exercises•按动词的适当形式填空•I am looking out of my window. I can see some children in the street. The children (play) football. They always (play) football in the street. Now a little boy (kick) the ball. Another boy (run) after him but he cannot catch him.Grammar•一般过去时（Past Tense）•定义：一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态 。

•基本结构：肯定形式：主语+动词过去式+其他； 否定形式①was/were+not; ②在行为动词前加didn‘t，同时还原行为动词；一般疑问句Did+主语+do+其他 •时间状语：yesterday（昨天）、two days ago…（两天前…… ）、last year…（去年…）、the other day（前几天）、once upon a time（很久以前）、 just now（刚才）、in the old days（过去的日子里）、before liberation（解放前…）、 When I was 8 years old（当我八岁时…）、at+一个时间点 Grammar•Exercise 练习•My friend,Roy, (die)last year. He (leave)me his CD player and his collection of CDs.Roy (spend)a lot of money on CDs. He (buy) one or two new CDs every week. He never (go) to the cinema or to the theatre. He (stay) at home every evening and (listen)to music.Grammar•一般过去时（看L3句型）＆过去进行时过去进行时•定义：主要表示过去某时的一个动作正在进行，过去时间可以由一个状语表示出来．•一．可以由一个状语表示出来•Eg: １．What were you doing when I rang　　　　 you up?　　　　I was having a bath ( at that time). ２.At that moment, I wasn’t doing anything.过去进行时•二．这个时态还可以用在状语从句中•Eg; 1. I got to know her when I was working in a hospital.•2.While the water was heating, I began cooking. 过去进行时与一般过去时的比较•他们的差别是：过去进行时表示一个正在进行的动作，而一般过去时表示一个已完成的动作。

　　　I was writing an essay. 我在写一篇论文．　　（可能还没写完）　　　I wrote an essay yesterday.我昨天写了一篇文．　　（已经写完）•Exercises　They (build) a skyscraper.(在修建）　They　　 （build) a skyscraper.(已盖好）　He (do) his homework in the afternoon. (做完）　 He (do) his homework in the afternoon　(可能还在做）.Grammar•现在完成时•定义：1.过去发生的动作对现在有影响• 2. 过去发生的动作一直持续到现在•形式: have/has + Ved(过去分词）•特征词：for，since，yet， already，so far, just•练习1、、He  has  _______ been  to  Shanghai , has  he ?　　Ａ　　Ａ.  already           ＢＢ.never            ＣＣ.ever               ＤＤ. still2、、Have  you  met  Mr  Li ______？？　　Ａ　　Ａ.  just          ＢＢ.  ago        ＣＣ.before       ＤＤ.  a moment ago3、、—Our country  ______ a lot so far .　　　　　　—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .　　Ａ　　Ａ. has  changed ; well                   ＢＢ.  changed ; good　　Ｃ　　Ｃ. has  changed ; better                  ＤＤ.  changed ; better4、、Zhao Lan ______already  ______in this school for two years .　　Ａ　　Ａ. was ; studying                   ＢＢ. will ; study　　Ｃ　　Ｃ. has ; studied                     ＤＤ. are ; studying5、、We ______ Xiao  Li  since  she  was  a  little  girl .　　Ａ　　Ａ. know      ＢＢ.  had  known           ＣＣ. have  known      ＤＤ.  Knew6、、—______ you ___ your  homework  yet ?　　　　 —Yes . I _____  it  a  moment  ago .　　Ａ　　Ａ.  Did ; do ; finished                   ＢＢ.  Have ; done ; finished　　Ｃ　　Ｃ.  Have ; done ; have  finished          ＤＤ.  will ; do ; finish 答案：BCCCCBGrammar•现在完成进行时•定义：1.表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将 持续下去。

2.表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作 3. 表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时多用于延续 性动词，如work, live, study, skate, collect… •形式： have/has + been +Ving(现在分词现在分词)•练习现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别 （1）在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行而现在完成时则表示动作在过去已结束如： The students have been preparing for the exam. （还在进行）学生们一直在准备考试 The students have prepared for the exam. （已经结束）学生们为考试作了准备 （2）在强调指出动作还未结束，还要继续下去如： I’ve been reading this book for two hours, but     I haven’t finished it. 这本书我已读了两个小时了，但我还没读完。

I’ve read this book. 我已读完这本书了现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别 （3）有些表示状态、感情、感觉的静态动词，如：have, like, hate, hear, know, sound等动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时如： They’ve known each other since 1970. 自从1970年起他们就相互认识了 （4）现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情如：     We’ve been seeing each other quite a lot recently. 最近我们经常见面Exercise I（单项选择）（单项选择） 1.Even though they ___ for twenty years, the two neighbors do not get on well with each other. A. have been lived side by side        B. had been living side by side C. have been side by side living        D. have been living side by side 2. I haven’t seen Mary these past few days, I’m afraid she ___ herself for some time. A. hasn’t been feeling      B. hadn’t been feeling        C. isn’t feeling                  D. wasn’t feeling 3. She ___ on this essay for twenty minutes but she has written only about a hundred words. A. will be working           B. worked       C. has been working        D. will have worked 4. ---Hi, Tracy, you look tired. ---I’m tired. I ___ the living room all day. A. painted                           B. had painted         C. have been painting        D. have painted 5. ---Hi, Joan, I have seen you for weeks. What ___ recently? ---Carrying on some research on wildlife. A. have you been doing      B . have you done        C. were you doing              D. did you do 6. You must be tired now since you ___ for five hours. A. have been worked         B. have been working        C. worked                           D. would workGrammar•过去完成时•定义：常常用来表示发生在过去的两个事件、动作中哪一个发生在前。

可说是过去的过去）•例句：例句：1. He finished work. He went home. After he had finished work he went home. 2. The children ran away. They broke the window. The children ran away after they had broken the window.过去完成时•连接句子(用after、as soon as、when、until)•1.The sun set. We returned to our hotel. As soon as the sun had set we returned to our hotel.•2. He finished lunch. He asked for a glass of water. When he had finished lunch he asked for a glass of water.•3. I did not understand the problem. He explained it. I had not understood the problem until he explained it.•Exercises•一、纠正1. （错误）The teacher told us that light traveled faster than sound. （正确）The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. （分析）在从句中表示客观事实或普遍真理，需用一般现在时态。

2. （错误）Hurry up! The plane is going to start. （正确） Hurry up! The plane is stating. （分析）像start，leave, come, go, begin,have等动词常用进行时态表示将来时，表示按计划、安排要发生的事情3. （错误）I will return the book to the library as soon as I will have finished it. （正确）I will return the book to the library as soon as I have finished it （分析）当主句的谓语动词用将来时，时间、条件、让步、方式状语从句中的谓语动词要用一般现在时代替将来时，或用现在完成时代替将来完成时•二、选择填空1、Can I join the club, Dad? You can when you a bit older. A. get B. will get C. are getting D. will have got2、I ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the New Year. A. will play B. have played C. played D. play3、Your phone number again? I quite catch it. It’s 9586742. A. didn’t B. couldn’t C. don’t D. can’t4、You’ve left the light on. Oh, so I have. and turn it off. A. I’ll go B. I’ve gone C. I go D. I’m going答案：ADAA5、I don’t really work here; I until the new secretary arrives. A. just help out B. have just helped out C. am just helping out D. will just help out6、Is this raincoat yours? No, mine there behind the door. A. is hanging B. has hung C. hangs D. hung7、As she the newspaper, Granny asleep. A. read, was falling B. was reading, fell C. was reading, was falling D. read, fell8、Shirley a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished it. A. Has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing答案：CABD9、 Who is Jerry Cooper? ? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting. A. Don’t you meet him yet B. Hadn’t you met him yet C.Didn’t you meet him yet D. Haven’t you met him yet10、Do you know our town at all? No, this is the first time I here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming11、The pen I I is on my desk, right under my nose. A. think, lost B. thought, had lost C. think, had lost D. thought, have lost12. How long each other before they married? For about a year. A. have they known, get B. did they know, were going to get C. do they know, ae going to get D. had they known, got13. Hi, Tracy, you look tired. I am tired. I the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D have painted答案：DBBDC。