考研虚拟语气.doc

1第四章．虚拟语气类 别 用 法 例 句与现在事实相反从句动词：过去式（be 用 were）主句动词：should/would/could/might+doIf he were here, he would help us.与过去事实相反从句动词：had+done主句动词：should/would/could/might+have+doneIf I had been free,I would have visited you.If引导的条件从句与将来事实相反从句动词：过去式/should+动词原形/were+to do主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping.省略if的虚拟条件句将虚拟条件从句中的 were，had,should 放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装①Should he come ,tell him to ring me up.②Were I you,I would not do it.③Had I been free,I would have visited you.混合虚拟条件句虚拟与陈述的混合：各遵守各的规则①He could have passed the exam,but he wasn’t careful enough. ②You should have come earlier.The bus left a moment ago.but for+名词表示虚拟条件---But for your timely warning,we ______ into great trouble.---You know we’re friends.A. would get B. must have got C. would have got D. can’t have got含蓄虚拟条件句 without+名词表示虚拟条件句子或主句中的谓语动词的形式视具体情况而定。

这是考查考生应变能力的最佳试题Without the air to hold some of the sun's heat, the earth at night would be freezing cold.2动词不定式表示虚拟条件It would be only partly right to follow in this way.如果用这种方式，仅仅对了一半现在分词表示虚拟条件Having known in time ,we might have prevented the accident.要是及时得知的话，我们也许能阻止这场事故过去分词表示虚拟条件Given more attention, the tree could have grown better.如果多留心的话，这树本来可以长的更好副词 otherwise 表示虚拟条件I was too busy at that time.Otherwise,I would have called you.我当时太忙，否则我就给你打了连词 but 连接的句子表示虚拟条件He _____fatter but he eats too little .A. would become B. would have become C. must become D. must have become as if/as though 引导的状语从句中动词用 did或 had＋done 或would／could／might ＋do。

注意：as if/as though 引导的状语从句中也可以用陈述语气：当说话者认为所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时：①与现在事实相反He talks as if he knew where she was．②与过去事实相反He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.③与将来事实相反He opened his mouth as if he would say something.其它状语从句in order that/so that 引导的状语从句中动词用 can/could/may/ might/ would 等+doTurn on the light so that we can see it clearly.demand, suggest, order, insist 后接的从句中动词为 should+doHe suggested that we not change our mind.宾语从句wish 后的从句中分别用过去式，过去完成式和 should/would+do 表示与现在，过去和将来情况相反I wish I could be a pop singer.I wish I would have gone to Shanghai last month.主语从句在 It is necessary / important / strange that…It is suggested / demanded/ ordered / requested that…等从句中，谓语动词用 should+doIt is strange that such a person should be our friends.其它It is time that…句型中动词用过去式或should+doIt’s high time that we left/should leave.3would rather 所接的从句中动词用过去式或者过去完成式I would rather you stayed at home now.句型中 If only 句型中动词常用过去式或者过去完成式，表示强烈的愿望If only our dream had come true!真题再现 句子分析For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngsters might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances. 句子分析倒装结构 had he grown 相当于 if he had grown翻译：例如，测试并不能弥补明显的社会不公；因此，它们不能说明一个物质条件差的年轻人，如果在较好的环境中成长的话，会有多大才干。

1) I wish _______________(我年轻的时候有你们这样的机会 ).3) —— Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars?—— I’d rather he _______________(漆成蓝色的，而且不带任何装饰).4) It’s high time that _______________(采取措施解决交通堵塞的问题 ).5) We insist that _______________(让杰克立刻进医院 ).6 要是你当初听我的话 ,你现在就不会陷入这样的困境.7 如果我的条件好一些,我就申请那份工作了.8 但愿此刻阳光灿烂.If I were you, I would not be so proud.9 如果我是你，我不会如此自负10 没有空气和水，什么都不能存活虚拟语气练习题 1. Mr Li required the computer equipment referred ________ used in every classroom. A. should be B. have to be C. to be D. to being2. —Yang Liwei has won great honour for our country. —Who is Yang Liwei?—What a question! It is surprising ________ the first spaceman in China. A. you didn’t know our national hero B. to you not to know him4C. you should know nothing about D. you knew nothing about him3. —What courses are you going to do next term?—I don’t know. But it’s about time ________ on something. A. I’d decide B. I decided C. I decide D. I’m deciding4. One of the requirements for the fire is that the material ________ to its burning temperature. A. is heated B. will be heated C. would be heater D. be heated5. Robert wishes that he ________ business instead of history when he was in university. A. studies B. studied C. has studied D. had studied 。