初中英语语法讲解以及练习题.doc

名词专有: 人/事物/地点/机构 Tianjin France the Great Wall Chinese普通: 一类人/事物 固有名称 个体: student table 物质: water air rain 抽象(动作, 状态, 品质): future help health 集合: class people family表示的事物的性质可数: a pen two boxes (可直接用数字计算的)不可数 ink work 用量数+of 表示数量 a piece of paper; a bottle of water; three cups of tea Here is a bottle of wine. There are four glasses of milk. I need a box of apples. There are two baskets of eggs on the table.可数名词: 单数 复数: 规则与不规则 规则: 直接 + s maps bags 以s x sh ch 结尾 + es brushes watches boxes buses 辅音字母 + y 结尾, 把y 变 i + es cities families (boys) 以f, fe 结尾, 把f, fe 变 v + es knives leaves (roofs, handkerchiefs) 以o 结尾 + es potatoes tomatoes (pianos, photos, radios)不规则: children feet teeth mice men women Frenchmen (Germans, human beings)单复数一样: Chinese Japanese fish deer sheep形式单数意义复数: cattle police people The people here are very friendly.以复数形式出现: clothes, glasses, shoes, stockings, trousers His clothes are over there.名词所有格: 有生命的东西的名词 + ‘s 表示谁的 Tom’s friends; the students’ books; the teacher’s office; the students’ reading room 表几个人共有一样东西: Bei and Rong’s room is very clean. 表各自所有: Liu’s and Peng’s mothers are both teachers.省略:避免重复 This is not my brother’s glass but my husband’s. 表示店铺, 某人家时 the doctor’s (office); the Green’s (house); the tailor’s (shop)指时间,距离的名词也可用名词所有格 Beijing’s population; five minutes’ walk; today’s newspaper表无生命的东西的名词所有关系, 用of 形式 The leg of the table; the cover of the book双重所有格: of短语 + 名词所有格 a friend of my sister’s; a picture of Mrs. Wang’s (a picture of Mrs. Wang)名词在句子中的作用 The teacher taught us an English song yesterday. My daughter likes Chinese. Linda was elected monitor. We named her Beibei. We would like to visit a car factory. John David, a famous America singer, died in an aircraft crash. 名词练习题例题:Please keep quiet. If you make a lot of , you may disturb others. A. voice B. noise C. sound D. singing——Would you like some drinks, boys?——Yes, , please.A. some oranges B. two boxes of chocolates C. some cakes D. two bottles of orangeThis is room. The twin sisters like it very much. A. Lucy’s and Lily’s B. Lucy’s and Lily C. Lucy and Lily’sAfter playing football for more than a half hour, the students took rest. A. a few minute’s B. a few minutes’ C. a little minute’s D. a little minutes’1. There are fifty six in China.A. people B. peoples C. people’s D. of people2. There is not enough in the corner to put the table. A. place B. room C. floor D. ground3. The new pair of which I bought yesterday is made of . A. glasses; glass B. glass; glass C. glasses; glasses D. glass; glasses4. The Whites to China for holiday this summer. A. is going to fly B. fly C. are going to fly D. flies5. He told us he had some , some , two dogs, and a cow on his farm. A. sheeps; chickens B. sheep; chickens C. sheep; chicken D. sheeps; chicken6. There have been a lot of in our city since 1990. A, woman doctors B. woman doctor C. women doctor D. women doctors7. These visitors are from . But they are probably not , because they speak . A. German; German; French B. Germany; Germen; France C. Germany; Germans; French D. German; Germans; France8. They got much from those new books. A. ideas B. photo C. information D. message9. If there is a big football match, several will watch the traffic. A. hundreds polices B. hundreds police C. hundred polices D. hundred police10. The old teacher is a friend of . A. my eldest brother’s B. my eldest brother C. my eldest brothers’ D. my eldest brothers11. This book will be in your studies. A. of great use B. of helpful C. with care D. great importance12. The teachers who are coming to us are mothers. A. Rose and Dick’s B. Rose’s and Dick’s C. Rose and Dicks’ D. Rose and Dick13. ——Is this newspaper? ——Yes, it’s my . A. today’s; father B. today’s; father’s C. today; father’s D. today; father14. The new shop sells clothes and shoes. A. women B. women’s C. womens’ D. woman’s15. It is about walk from here to the station. A. half an hours’ B. a half hours’ C. half a hour’s D. half an hour’s16. What we are having today! A. the fine weather B. a fine weather C. fine a weather D. fine weather( ) 1. _____ are going to England for a holiday. A. The Wang　 B. Wang’s C. The Wang’s 　　D. The Wangs( ) 2. There are many _____ in the school. A. women teachers B. woman teachers C.women teacher D. woman teacher( ) 3. _____ turn yellow in autumn. A. Lea。