德国包豪斯设计与未来设计趋势外文翻译.doc

Germany Bauhaus design and Future Design Trend【Abstract】German Bauhaus had a significant influence on the modern design education, meanwhile, it established the foundation of the leading position in the world for German industrial design. Through analyzing on current industrial design conditions from different countries, art design is considered as the main part of industrial design. This paper reviewed the last 10 years’ development of industrial design program in Zhejiang University of Science and Technology. The industrial design program have taken considerable achievements in many fields, such as the practice of Germany model, disciplines construction, teaching reform, manufactures & college cooperation, project teaching and design competitions. And You cannot ignore the industrial design ten trend【Keywords】 Bauhaus, industrial design, project teaching, practice ，10 Industrial Design Trends 1. German Bauhaus and industrial design In 1919, the Bauhaus school had been built in Weimar, Germany. This have been called the “cradle of world industrial design”, the milestone in the art design history. Bauhaus believed that the foremost thing is letting the students explore their own design ways, rather than just teaching them the teachers’ ways; developing students’ independent and critical thinking ability rather than imposing certain design styles on them. Compared with other design schools that had similar education philosophies, Bauhaus had distinctive education philosophy. It took thorough reform on the traditional art design education system and established art design as a new professional discipline. Meanwhile, Walter Gropius, the founder of Bauhaus made “Unity of art and technology” as the dominant design education philosophy. One of Bauhaus initiative works is purifying the forms of general industrial products. Bauhaus stressed that the product forms should be designed based on basic geometric patterns such as cubes, squares and circles. The product forms and outlines should be simple and varied in different ways and follow abstract form principles and aesthetics. Because Bauhaus’s brave and aggressive exploring and reform, it took significant key influence on the forming of Modernism Art Style and made the Bauhaus design a world-wide reputation. Therefore Bauhaus became the milestone of modern art design history. American artist Joseph Sinel first mentioned the term of Industrial design in 1919. However in China, until 1983, the Ministry of Education had conformed industrial design discipline as the sample major of general colleges. The original name of the major is “Product Forming” for art students. In 1998 the national major category had been adjusted to be integrated into the international conventions. The “Product forming” major had removed the focus from the product forms to the area of researching the human-product-environment relationships. The name had been replaced by “Industrial design” and the major had been set for both engineering and art education schools. Bauhaus had many top European artists at that time, such as Itten, Kandinsky, and Klee etc. They are famous abstract painters. Their teaching cultivated the Bauhaus students and contributed to the 20’s century art design. Most of famous industrial designers such as Philippe Starck, Marc Newson and yves béhar are graduated from the art design schools. Their success proved that the art design education is effective for industrial design education. The product form design is still an important aspect in undergraduate industrial design studies and the industrial design is an important component of current famous art design schools. Royal College of Art Norwegian Institute of Art and Design University of Duisburg-Essen, Politecnico di Milano, Hannover University of Applied Sciences and Arts (FH Hannover), their industrial design departments are belong to art and design schools. America: According to a survey of IDSA (The Industrial Designers Society of America) in 1998, there are 49 institutes that have industrial design undergraduate or graduate programs registered in IDSA list. Typical industrial design majors usually are set in art schools, which can grant bachelor degree in fine arts or science. Most of them got the certification of NASAD (National Association of Schools of Art and Design). Only 15 in the 49 schools did not get the certification. IDSA declared that 5 years later, only the certified the industrial design majors can get be recognized. There are 37 industrial design majors in universities, 6 in design colleges, 4 in art schools. This situation did not vary in current years. Asia: In Japan, industrial design majors also set in art schools or independent industrial design faculties, such as Tokyo Zokei University, Musashino Art University, Tama Art University, and University of Tsukuba etc. In Hongkong, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University has famous industrial design programs. In Taiwan, Shih Chien 。