英语被动语态详解.docx
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英语被动语态详解（含练习题及答案）【本讲主要内容】被动语态【知识总结归纳】一. 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时am / is / are + P.P.（1）Do they speak French ?（2）They don’t use the room .Is French spoken by them ?The room isn’t used by them .一般过去时was / were + p.p.（1）The hunter killed a tiger .（2）He wrote many stories last year .A tiger was killed by the hunter .Many stories was written by him last year .现在进行时am / is / are +being +p.p.（1）These workers are building a new bridge .（2）He is mending his car .A new bridge is being built by these workers .His car is being mended by him .过去进行时was / were + being + p.p.（1）He was selling books .（2）They were discussing the plan at that time .Books were being built by him .The plan was being discussed by them at that time .现在完成时have / has + been + p. p.（1）She has learned many English words .（2）He has finished the work .Many English words have been learned by her .The work has been finished by him .过去完成时had + been + p.p.（1）They has solved the problem .（2）We had told him the news by then .The problem had been solved by them .The news had been told to him by us .一般将来时shall / will be + p.p.（1）I shall make a plan .（2）They are going to fix the radio in an hour .A plan will be made by me .The radio is going to be fixed by them in an hour .过去将来时would be + p.p.was/ were going to be + p.p.（1）He told me they would paint the room .（2）They were going to put on a play the next week .He told me the room would be painted by them .A play was going to be put by them the next week .情态动词can / may / must / should+ be + p.p.（1）We should hand in our homework .（2）You must answer the question in English .Our homework should be handed in by us .The question must beanswered in English by you . 四. 如何正确使用被动语态1. 有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。
需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态） （被动语态）▲常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass等2. 在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主动语态） She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态）▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice等3. 有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）比较：（1） （2）4. 只有及物动词和可有宾语的动词+介词词组才可以有被动语态eg. 【题型展示】1. A talk on Chinese history in the school hall next week .A. be given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give答案：C （2003天津市）2. To make our city more beautiful , rubbish into the river .A. needn’t be thrown B. mustn’t be thrown C. can’t throw D. may not throw答案：B （2003重庆市）3. You may go fishing if your work .A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done答案：A （2003河北省）4. The trees must three times a week .A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters答案：C （2003长沙市）5. — I won’t come to the party unless Sue , too . — You mean if Sue comes you’ll come ?A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited答案：D （2003江西省）6. I like my new bike . It very well .A. rides B. is riding C. is ridden D. has ridden答案：A （2003江西省）7. Mr. Chen has a lond voice . His voice can clearly even in that big classroom . A. hear B. be heard C. be hearing D. have heard 答案：B （2003台湾省）8. — It’s time to do your homework , Jack . — Yes , Mum . I’ll turn off the TV as soon as the programme .A. ends B. end C. will be ended D. will end答案：A （2003广州市）9. You to the meeting , why didn’t you go ?A. be invited B. will be invited C. were invited D. are invited答案：C （2003山西省）10. A lot of trees along the river last year .A. planted B. are planted C. were planted 答案：C （2003四川省） 【实战模拟】一. 选择填空1. The rivers smells terrible People must dirty things into it .A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwingC. stop to throw D. stop form throwing2. Paper first invented in China .A. is B. are C. was D. were3. — Do you like the flower ? — Yes , it sweet .A. is smelling B. smelt C. is smelt D. smells4. It snowed heavily last night . The。
