商务语篇翻译中的衔接与连贯解析课件.ppt

第十三单元第十三单元商务语篇翻译中的衔接与连贯商务语篇翻译中的衔接与连贯(Cohesion and coherence)语篇中的衔接语篇中的衔接 一、一、什么是语篇的衔接？什么是语篇的衔接？语篇中的衔接语篇中的衔接 一、一、什么是语篇的衔接？什么是语篇的衔接？Cohesion refers to the structural and/or semantic relationships holding between the different elements of a text.For example:A:Paris?B:They ve always wanted to go there.The link(called anaphora/reference照应)is between Paris and there.衔接手段在语篇中发挥着重要的纽带作用，各种衔接手段在解读原语语篇、构建译文语篇连贯的过程中起着积极的导向作用二、衔接手段二、衔接手段 包括：语法衔接（grammatical cohesion)和词汇衔接（lexical cohesion)1.grammatical cohesion（语法衔接（语法衔接)Halliday and Hasan(1976)identify four major devices with which to achieve grammatical cohesion,that is,reference,substitution,ellipsis,conjunction.1.1.Reference/anaphora（照应）For example:The manager likes ice-cream and he has always an appetite for it.1.2 Substitution 译例：A:Will we get there on time？B:I think so.甲：我们能准时到达吗？乙：我想能能.1.3 Ellipsis Its effect is“to create cohesion by leaving out what can be taken over from preceding discourse”(Halliday and Hasan)Example:Because Mary has dusted the furniture,Alice wont(dust the furniture)1.4.Conjunction the four most frequent categories of“connectives”:(1)Logical sequence:thus,therefore,then,thence,consequently,so(2)(2)Contrast:however,in fact,conversely(3)(3)Non-contrast:moreover,likewise,similarly(4)(4)Expansion:for example,in particular2.词汇衔接（lexical cohesion)主要通过词语的同现和词语的复现（repetition）来实现。

词语的同现”：指类义词语（在意义或逻辑上属于同一种类的词,如同义词）和相关词语的同时出现，使语句前后连接，构成衔接话语例如：Horners is a familiar name on the UKs high streets,operating from 32 department stores situated either in prime city center location or out of town retail parks.Although some competitors have successfully branched out into gourmet ready-to-eat foods or experimented with financial services,Horners has chosen to specialize in the clothing,accessories and home product markets.By offering a range of competitively-priced merchandise of a high standard to its customers,Horners has become one of the countrys favourite department stores.分析：原文通过信息的有序排列和衔接，使语篇的语意连贯、文意清晰。

在翻译中，认清语篇中的各种衔接纽带，是建立译文语篇连贯的第一步衔接手段的应用：照应、连接词although、Horners 和 department store 的复现、同义词 high streets 和city centre locations等译文：译文：霍纳斯百货连锁是英国商业大街上一个家喻霍纳斯百货连锁是英国商业大街上一个家喻户晓的名字，它拥有户晓的名字，它拥有3232家百货商店，均位于市中家百货商店，均位于市中心的重要地段或郊外的零售园区虽然有些竞争心的重要地段或郊外的零售园区虽然有些竞争对手成功地拓展了业务，进而销售各类美味即食对手成功地拓展了业务，进而销售各类美味即食食品或提供各种金融服务，但是霍纳斯百货连锁食品或提供各种金融服务，但是霍纳斯百货连锁则专门瞄准服装、饰品以及家庭用品市场霍纳则专门瞄准服装、饰品以及家庭用品市场霍纳斯通过向顾客提供各种质高价优的商品，已经成斯通过向顾客提供各种质高价优的商品，已经成为英国最受欢迎的百货公司之一为英国最受欢迎的百货公司之一语篇中的连贯语篇中的连贯一、一、What is coherence?语篇中的连贯语篇中的连贯一、一、What is coherence?A text hangs together primarily because it has coherence,or to put it differently,because we perceive what is said in the text as a meaningful whole.There can be no cohesion without coherence,but there can be coherence without cohesion.For example：Wife(in the bedroom):Theres the doorbell.Husband(in the study):Im checking my e-mail.Wife:Okay.语篇的连贯指的是语篇中语义上的相互关联。

连贯存在于语篇语篇的连贯指的是语篇中语义上的相互关联连贯存在于语篇的深层，体现了语篇中各个成分之间的逻辑关系，也体现了语篇作的深层，体现了语篇中各个成分之间的逻辑关系，也体现了语篇作者的交际意图和预期的语篇功能者的交际意图和预期的语篇功能二、译文衔接、连贯的重构二、译文衔接、连贯的重构英语通常需要逻辑词，将潜在的逻辑关系表面化，而汉语语句中很多时候没有逻辑标记，读者自己可以领会其中的逻辑关系Our primary task at present is to develop national economy and promote the living standards of the people.Therefore,we must reform the old economic system so as to further liberate productive forces.Moreover,we should be open to the outside world so that we can learn advanced science and technology from other countries.And we can be sure to turn China into a powerful socialist country so long as we stick to the reform and opening policy.当前最重要的任务是发展国民经济，提高人民生活水平。

为了实现这一目标，我们必须改革旧的经济体制，进一步解放生产力；我们应当向世界敞开大门，学习其他国家的先进的科学和技术只要我们坚持改革开放政策，就一定能把我国建设成为强大的社会主义国家翻译练习翻译练习 Stock and share certificates are evidence of your stake in a company.In case of“Gilts”,you have lent money to the government by buying government stock.They are important documents that should be kept carefully,but they are not“useful”in the senses the foodstuffs or raw materials for industry.股票和证券股票和证券是你在一家公司里投资的凭据，是你在一家公司里投资的凭据，如果是如果是“金边债券金边债券”，就证明你通过购买政，就证明你通过购买政府债券，把钱借给了政府这些证券是重要府债券，把钱借给了政府这些证券是重要的的凭据凭据，应该妥善保存，但是这些，应该妥善保存，但是这些凭据凭据并不并不像粮食或工业原料那样像粮食或工业原料那样“拿来就能用拿来就能用”。

翻译练习翻译练习 Bluewater is a symbol of retail excellence,achieved through a unique combination of design,retail mix,leisure,catering and hospitality.The center,surrounded by parkland,is situated in the countrys most affluent region.Eleven million people,with a combined spending power predicted to exceed a record 5.5 bn,live within 60 minutes of the center.译文：译文：布鲁沃特购物中心集非凡的设计、零售组合、休闲、餐饮以及交际休闲为一体，成为零售业的卓越象征该中心位于国内最富足的地区，公共绿地环绕四周1,100万人口居住在离该中心只有60分钟的路程内，预计综合购买力超过前所未有的55亿英镑段落层面上的连贯调整段落层面上的连贯调整 I think there are at least two differences in the way of business communication between Chinese and American businessmen.First,Chinese businessmen tend to have business negotiations in a rather indirect manner,as opposed to the more direct manner of American businessmen.The Chinese take time to learn if their prospective business contacts are really liable,for example,by inviting。