计算机辅助教学论文Computer-assistedEnglishTeaching.docx

Computer-assisted English Teaching Based on BehaviorismAbstract : the traditional English teaching focuses on the dominance of teachers. With the development and application of computers, CALL (Computer-Assisted Language Learning) has been widely used in the modern English teaching as a new teaching method. This paper proceeds with the theoretical research and analyzes the theory of Behaviorism and its influences on and limitations to CALL.Key Words : Behaviorism, CALL, Teaching method1. IntroductionThe 20th century is not only an age of information but also an age of knowledge economy. With the prevalence and the rapid development of information technology, computer-assisted English teaching has been influencing all the aspects of English teaching and has become a new trend of English-teaching development. It pays more attention to guiding the students to study language with the help of computers. The combination of teaching content, teaching process and the assistance of computers can contribute to the best learning effect. Behaviorism has laid the foundation for computer-assisted English teaching.2. CALL---Computer-Assisted Language LearningCALL (Computer-assisted Language Learning) refers to the use of a computer in a language teaching and learning program. The research CALL began in the 1960’ s in America. According to New Oxford English Dictionary , the word “assist” refers to help someone typically by doing a share of the work. When used in foreign language teaching, “assist” refers that the teachers use computers to improve teaching methods and the teaching effect. CALL is the combination of computers and modern educational theory. As a brand-new teaching method, CALL has been widely applied and achieved a lot in the English teaching at every level of schools. CALL is more often practiced in the teaching or learning of a second or foreign language. According to Richards, et al. (1998), it may take the form of:a. activities which parallel learning through other media but which use the facilities of the computer (e.g. using the computer to present a reading text);b. activities which are extensions or adaptations of print-based or classroom-based activities (e.g. computer programs that teach writing skills by helping the student develop a topic and thesis statement and by checking a composition for vocabulary, grammar, and topic development);c. activities which are unique to CALL.3. Phrases of CALL DevelopmentThere are mainly 4 phrases in the course of CALL development.3.1 Phrase I (Behavioristic CALL)The Behavioristic CALL was conceived in the 1950s and implemented in the 1960s and 1970s. Programs during this period can be referred to as“ drill and practicepr” inc. iTphlees behind this computer as tutor modelcould be briefly put as follows:a. Repeated exposure to the same material is beneficial or even essential learning.b. A computer is ideal for carrying out repeated drills.c. A computer can present material on an individualized basis, allowing learners to proceed at their own pace and freeing up class time for other activities.In the late 1970s and early 1980s, Behavioristic CALL was undermined by two important factors. First, behavioristic approachesto language learning had been rejected. Secondly, the introduction of the microcomputer allowed a whole new range of possibilities.3.2 Phrase H (Communicative CALL)The Communicative CALL is marked by the fact that small computers appeared and the programs could be stored on tapes or floppy disks and the whole system was portable.Pedagogically, this phrase was based on the communicative approach to teaching which became prominent in the 1970s and 80s. Several types of CALL programs were developed.First, a variety of programs represent an extension of the computer as tutor model. The second CALL model is the computer as stimulusmodel. The third model of computers involves the computer as tool or the computer as workhorse approach. But by the end of the 1980s, the CALL was failing to exist.3.3 Phrase m(Integrative CALL)The learning featured by the Integrative CALL was not so much supplied by the language of the text itself as by the cognitive problem solving techniques and interaction between students in the group.This was made possible by the important technological development of multimedia computer and internet. What makes multimedia more powerful is that it also entails hypermedia.Computer-mediated communication allows users to share not only brief messages, but also lengthy (formatted or unformatted) documents --thus facilitating collaborative writing --- and also graphics, sounds and video.3.4 Phrase IV (Intelligent CALL)As new technology becomes a household necessity, language teaching using such means will doubtless become more widespread. Some work has taken place on integrating CALL with the more orthodox ideas of learning, leading to ICALL (Internet CALL).4. Behaviorism TheoryBeha。