2020版高考英语大二轮复习专题一语法填空与短文改错第二部分语法精析第三节名词、冠词和数词课件新人教版.pptx

第二部分语法精析专题一语法填空与短文改错题型一关于名词、冠词和数词的语法填空题型二关于名词、冠词和数词的短文改错第三节名词、冠词和数词增分训练考向分析考向分析热考点热考点语法填空：名词考查重点为单复数，变动词和形容词；冠词是考查热语法填空：名词考查重点为单复数，变动词和形容词；冠词是考查热点，多关注固定结构；数词考查较少点，多关注固定结构；数词考查较少短文改错：短文改错： 名词重点考查可数名词未用复数和不可数名词误用复数；名词重点考查可数名词未用复数和不可数名词误用复数；冠词的误用和漏用都要关注；数词考查基数词变化为序数词冠词的误用和漏用都要关注；数词考查基数词变化为序数词新考向新考向2019全国卷中减少了对名词单复数的考查，加强了对名词变动词或形全国卷中减少了对名词单复数的考查，加强了对名词变动词或形容词的考查容词的考查PART 1题型一关于名词、冠词和数词的语法填空解解析析考考查查名名词词复复数数根根据据设设空空前前的的修修饰饰词词various可可知知，此此处处要要用用名名词词的的复复数数形式故填形式故填activities1.No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various_(activity) on Earth Day.(2019北京北京)activities 考点一名词单复数 记牢标志词妥妥得分记牢标志词妥妥得分2.Making Chinese (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.(2018浙江浙江)dishes解解析析考考查查名名词词复复数数。

dish菜菜肴肴，为为可可数数名名词词，中中式式菜菜肴肴有有很很多多种种，故故此此处处用用dish的复数形式的复数形式3.A mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all (cause).(2018全国全国)causes解解析析考考查查名名词词复复数数cause表表示示“原原因因，起起因因”时时是是可可数数名名词词，前前面面有有all，故填故填cause的复数形式的复数形式4.This trend，which was started by the medical community(医医学学界界) as a method of fighting heart disease，has had some unintended side (effect) such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight.(2017全国全国)effects解解析析考考查查名名词词复复数数。

side effect副副作作用用，由由前前面面的的some和和下下文文中中的的两两个个例例子子overweight and heart disease可知名词可知名词effect用复数形式用复数形式effects5.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible_(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.(2017全国全国)crowds解析解析考查名词复数考查名词复数crowd是可数名词，且前面没有限定词，故应用复数形式是可数名词，且前面没有限定词，故应用复数形式6.She has turned down several (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.(2017全国全国)invitations解析解析考查名词复数考查名词复数several表表“几个几个”，其后要用名词，其后要用名词invitation的复数形式。

的复数形式7.Last October，while tending her garden in Mora，Sweden，Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small (carrot) and was about to throw them away.(2017浙江浙江)carrots解解析析考考查查名名词词复复数数a handful of一一把把，几几个个，后后接接可可数数名名词词的的复复数数形形式式a handful of carrots几个胡萝卜几个胡萝卜8.Recent (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.(2016全国全国)studies解解析析考考查查名名词词复复数数根根据据后后面面的的谓谓语语动动词词show，表表示示复复数数形形式式，故故主主语语也也应应是复数形式是复数形式技法指导技法指导提提示示词词是是名名词词，首首先先分分析析句句子子，确确认认不不需需要要改改变变词词性性，就就可可以以考考虑虑用用名名词词复复数数形式。

一些标志词可以快速确认一些标志词可以快速确认1.修饰词修饰词one of名词复数名词复数大大于于2的的基基数数词词，different，various，many，these/those，few，a few，several，all，both，other，a (large) number of，a couple of，a dozen of，dozens of，a handful of 后用名词复数后用名词复数some后如果名词可数，要用复数后如果名词可数，要用复数2.谓谓语语动动词词：如如果果所所填填的的名名词词作作主主语语，谓谓语语动动词词是是复复数数形形式式are，were，have或或动词原形，则用名词复数动词原形，则用名词复数3.特殊的复数名词特殊的复数名词 belongings n.财产财产possessions n.财产财产congratulations祝贺祝贺surroundings n.环境环境findings n.发现发现good/bad manners n.有礼貌有礼貌/没礼貌没礼貌take turns轮流轮流in all directions四面八方四面八方in ruins严重受损；破败不堪严重受损；破败不堪解解析析考考查查名名词词。

根根据据其其前前不不定定冠冠词词和和其其后后的的同同位位语语从从句句可可知知，空空格格处处为为名名词词形式，故填形式，故填belief1.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements，leading to a _(believe) that populations are increasing.(2019全国全国)belief 考点二高频考点 名词动词互换名词动词互换 名词变形容词名词变形容词2.We are so proud of her.Its (wonder).(2019全国全国)wonderful解解析析考考查查形形容容词词作作表表语语根根据据句句子子结结构构可可知知，在在系系动动词词is之之后后应应用用形形容容词词作作表语，故填表语，故填wonderful3.When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting (compete) to watch，together with the story behind it.(2019全国全国) competition解解析析考考查查名名词词。

由由空空前前的的an interesting可可以以确确定定空空格格处处应应该该填填名名词词形形式式故故填填competition4.They also shared with us many (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists.(2019全国全国)traditional解解析析考考查查形形容容词词空空格格处处修修饰饰名名词词stories，应应用用形形容容词词，tradition的的形形容容词词形式为形式为traditional，故填，故填traditional5.Other American studies showed no (connect) between uniforms and school performance.(2019浙江浙江)connection/connections解解析析考考查查名名词词no是是形形容容词词，修修饰饰名名词词，connect的的名名词词形形式式为为connection表表示示“联系，关联联系，关联”，为可数名词，故填，为可数名词，故填connection/connections。

6.School uniforms are (tradition) in Britain，but some schools are starting to get rid of them.(2019浙江浙江)traditional解解析析考考查查形形容容词词are是是系系动动词词，其其后后常常用用形形容容词词作作表表语语，tradition是是名名词词，“传统传统”的意思，因此，用其形容词形式故填的意思，因此，用其形容词形式故填traditional7.Its never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and _(meaning) college experience.(2019北京北京)meaningful解解析析 考考查查形形容容词词这这里里与与前前面面的的healthy并并列列，修修饰饰后后面面的的名名词词college experience，故此处也要用形容词形式故填，故此处也要用形容词形式故填meaningful8.Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in (weigh) problems.(2018浙江浙江)weight解解析析考考查查词词形形转转换换。

此此处处应应用用名名词词作作定定语语修修饰饰problems，weight problems意意为为“体重问题体重问题”9.To avoid knee pain， you can run on soft surfaces， do exercises to _(strength) your leg muscles(肌肌肉肉)，avoid hills and get good running shoes.(2018全国全国)strengthen解解析析 考考查查词词性性转转换换之之名名词词变变动动词词此此处处不不定定式式短短语语作作目目的的状状语语，故故填填strength的动词形式的动词形式strengthen10.Running is cheap，easy and its always (energy).(2018全国全国)energetic。