Bike-sharing-Stations文章分析.docx

文章出处： Transportation Research Part ABike-sharing stations: A maximal covering location approach 共享单车车站：一种最大覆盖选址方法王宁 172581019 管理学院 系统工程1. 文章大意：本文主要探讨了共享单车的站点选择问题本文融合了需求、车站的容量、自行车数量、车站的维护成本、自行车的搬迁和维护成本、最初投资、补充预算、折扣率、增长率以及项目年限等变量与参数，通过建立模型来输出站点数量、车桩数量、自行车总数、总投资、年度支出以及年度收益并由四种情况进行比对，最终得出了年度补充预算与覆盖需求成正比、初始投资的增加会覆盖更大的旅行次数这给城市管理者提供了一个很好的布置共享单车的思路，同时也给了管理者更好的选择，无论对于已经布置共享单车还是未布置共享单车的城市都具有很高的借鉴意义！2. 文章框架结构(1) 摘要（Abstract）(2) 介绍（Introduction）a. 共享单车系统（Bike-sharing systems ）b. 文献综述（Literature review ）(3) 建模方法（Modeling approach）(4) 案例分析（Case study）a. 描述（Description ）b. 应用（Application）(5) 总结和未来工作（Conclusion and future work）3. 中英文术语对照表Bike-sharing共享单车The demand covered需求覆盖Fixed cost固定成本Variable cost可变成本Fleet size车辆规模Discount rate折扣率Growth rate增长率Project horizon项目期限Annual supplementary budget年度补充预算Initial investment初始投资4. 语言特点分析：1）Title题目采用主副标题的形式，主标题指明了研究对象，副标题指明了研究方法具有关键词的作用，更方便检索。

2）Abstract文章摘要的主要内容分为四段描述，首先第一段描述了研究背景以及研究内容的重要性和研究重点：The promotion of sustainable alternatives to motorized individual mobility has been seen in the past few decades as......Bicycle sharing is increasingly popular as a sustainable transport system......One of the most important elements in implementation of these systems is......第二段 主要说明了共享单车系统的实施需要依靠政府直辖或者是公私合作的方式：Municipalities or public–private partnerships are mostly responsible for implementingbike-sharing schemes. 第三段 指出了本文的研究方法，以及其约束条件：The research work we present proposes using an optimization method to design the bike sharing system such that it maximizes the demand covered and takes the available budget as a constraint. 第四段 指明了文章模型达到的效果和输出的结果：As an outcome, the model determines the optimal location of the bicycle stations, the fleet size, the capacity of the stations and the number of bicycles in each station...... 3）Introduction介绍部分做了分为了两个小部分进行阐述：第一部 分讲了共享单车的发展、应用、好处，然后指出了本文的主要目的以及它的意义，如下：发展：The first bike sharing system emerged in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, in 1965.......Four generations of bike sharing systems can be identified: free bikes, coin-deposit, information-technology-based and multimodal systems......应用：One of the most popular and extensive bike-sharing programs is Vélib in Paris (France)......China has the largest bike-sharing market......好处：Such systems have an important environmental impact ......therefore they can help improve public health. They also have a positive impact on reducing car use. Furthermore, the implementation of bike-sharing schemes promotesprivate bike......本文的目的和意义：In this paper, we present an optimization model designed to......It could be a good tool to help......it represents innovation in this matter.第二部 分主要是文献综述，主要就是说明了对于共享单车问题，前人所用的各种方法，比如：An optimization model is described in Lin and Yang (2011) who propose an integer nonlinear program that......The model presented in Lin et al. (2011) incorporates bicycle stock considerations and is formulated as a hub location inventory model......A mixed-integer linear program performed through a heuristic that optimizes the location of shared bike stations is presented in Martinez et al. (2012) ......the station capacity and demand profiling for stations is proposed in García-Palomareset al. (2012).....然后作者对这些方法表明了自己的态度，比如：All these works provide the background for our study, but they all miss some point in the real implementation of these systems......紧接着作者提出了本文所用方法的亮点之处：The approach we propose significantly improves earlier formulations by considering an available budget as a constraint and maximizing the benefits of the system by covering the demand. 最后作者大致介绍了一下方法的建模过程：The proposed model combines strategic decisions in the location of bike-sharing stations and establishing the system’s size ......More precisely, the model defines the optimal location ......It determines the initial investment and achieves a balance...... and also considers a possible supplementary budget......4) Modeling approach建模部分首先说明关键因素：we believe to be the key issues inasmuch as it defines the optimal design of a bike-sharing station network to maximize the demand covered......，第二段指出了需求的影响因素：The demand is taken as the number of trips generated and attracted by each zone......,紧接着给出了模型的输入与输出：The inputs of the model are: ....... As outputs, the model defines.....然后就是对变量、参数和模型的详细描述，以下以公式的形式给出模型的表现形式：为保证读者可以看懂，文章给予这这些公式的详细解释：比如：The objective function (1) of this linear program maximizes the demand covered by the bike-sharing system......Constraint (2) defines the number of bicycles available at a station in zone i in time step t ......at the beginning of t the number of bicycles in station i must be 75% of the capacity of that station, constraint (7),while there must be more than 25% of bicycles, constraint (8).......5） Case study 案例分析也分为了两个部分。

第一部 分主要描述了共享单车系统在Coimbra实行的不利方面和有利方面Most daily trips are made by car (69%), and the bicycle is of very low importance......The latest strategic plans for the city stress so。