高中英语逆袭语法讲解含答案.pdf

怎么背单词：重复1、正面战场：单词表 /单词书“ 犹抱琵琶半遮面 ” 法Step1: 遮住中文，看着英文想中文Step2: 如果能想起来，就进行下一个单词Step3: 如果想不起来，就看一眼，然后再遮住中文，做回忆Step4: 每五个单词，就复习一遍；每五组单词，再复习一遍每天至少背 50 个单词，最好背到200 个单词多背，多忘，多留下；少背，少忘，没留下2、敌后战场：阅读理解/完型填空 /课文在阅读过程中，遇见生词，得查！背什么？1、音 读音-音标2、形 拼写-音标3、义 意思-重复/语境语言学习的铁律：我们只能通过“大语境”来学会“小语境”学音标，靠单词；学单词，靠句子；学句子，靠文章！【常考语法项目】1、谓语动词：时态 /被动 /虚拟 /情态/主谓一致2、非谓语动词：根据意思选择形式（to do; doing；doing;done）3、从句：名从，定从，状从（选连词）4、介连冠代：靠意思 /句子结构5、名词单复数6、固定搭配【谓语动词】动词时态：一句话搞定一个时态一般现在 do/does ：常态、事实 ，译为“ 经常，真的 ”LiHui teaches English. 李辉是个教英语的。

一般过去 did ：讲故事， 动作是过去，句子也在描述过去，译为“ 当时”LiHui worked in Hohhot. 李辉当时工作在呼和浩特现在完成 have/has done：动作是过去，句子却在描述现在，译为“ 已经”JJ has died. 俊俊已经死了JJ has graduated. 俊俊已经毕业了过去完成 had done ：did 之前，译为“ 之前，之前已经 ”I had learned 10000 words before I graduated from university. JJ had dated 10000 girlfriends when he entered university. 将来完成 will have done：某动作到将来某时间点 “做完了”，译为“将已经 ”I will have enrolled 1000 students (for my winter AB courses) (by the end) (of this week). 过去将来 would do：站在过去看将来 /和 did 相比是将来 ，译为“将”JJ told me (that he would beat me). 一般将来：(1) 有计划有预谋，用be going to do I am going to take a shower. I am going to become a teacher. I am going to get married. (2) 无计划无预谋，用will do I will become a teacher. I will get married. (3) 马上做某事，用be to do/be about to do I am about to finish this class. (4) “点动作” 用进行时表示将来（趋势） ：come ;go; leave; arrive; enter; start; end; begin; die JJ is dying. JJ要死了。

I am leaving. 我要走了5) “时间表” 用一般时表示将来（表示习惯约定规定，本质就是一般现在）火车；轮船；飞机；上学放学；商店开门关门The next train comes at 9:30. (6) 威逼利诱句型a) 威逼句型：祈使句 +or( 否则 )+sb will do sth. b) 利诱句型：祈使句 +and( 那么)+sb will do sth. 各种进行 be + doing： “正在”I am giving a lesson. I am reading English. I will be having a rest an hour later. 现在完成进行have/has been doing：一直做一直做一直做一直做，已经做了很长时间了还在做I have been teaching English for ten years. I have been giving this class for nearly 2 hours and a half. 16 种时态：形 /意现在过去将来过去将来一般一般现在一般过去一般将来一般过去将来进行现在进行过去进行将来进行过去将来进行完成现在完成过去完成将来完成过去将来完成完成进行现在完成进行过完成进行将来完成进行过去将来完成进行谓语动词 =助动词 +实意动词助动词：（1）do 类： do/does/did（现在 /过去）（2）will 类： will/would（将来）（3）have 类： have/has/had（完成）（4）be 类： am /is/ are/ was/were a) be + doing时， be 表“进行”b) be+done时， be 表“被动”employ 过去完成时did+have+employ =had + employed 过去完成时被动did+have+be + employ =had + be +employ =had been +employ =had been employed 将来完成进行时的被动语态will have be be + employ will have been being employed 过去将来完成进行时的被动语态did will have be be + employ would have been being employed 1. To find the street where I lived in my childhood is no easy task because the city _ （change ）so rapidly all these years. 2. He _ (swim) quite well, but he hasnt had time to swim since this summer. 3 Jimmy said that he would come to pick me up, but he _ (turn up )by now. 4. Im terribly sorry for being late, but I _ (catch) the wrong bus.5. The truth, sir, is that the old man _ (walk) across the road when my car hit him. 6. I really dont think Rose will be upset, but I will go and see her in case she _. 7.The lake will be further polluted unless some measures _(take.) 8.Th e notice _ (read )“No smoking ”.9. The old man _ (die) two days after he had been sent to hospital. 10I _(hope ) to take a good holiday this year, but I wasnt able to get away. 11. Helen _ (leave )her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband came home. 12. If it_ (rain ) tomorrow, I wont go to the cinema.13The students _(write) busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _(leave) in the office. 14. I Have not moved into the new house yet, because the rooms _(paint )? 15. We havent heard from Jane for a long time, and What do you suppose _(happen )to her 被动语态：1. Rainforests _ (cut) and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the early future. 2. The police found that the house_(break into)and a lot of things_(steal). 3. - Have you moved into the new house? - Not yet, The room _(paint). 4. When and where to build the factory _ (not decide) yet. 5. If city noises_(not keep) from increasing, people will have to shout _(hear) even at the dinner table 20 years from now. 6. All the preparations for the task_(complete), and we are ready to start. 7. Good care _ babies particularly while they are ill(必须照料 ). 8. The water _ (进一步污染 )unless some measures _(take). 9. He let me repeat his instructions to make sure that I understand _(要做的事 ) after he went away. 【非谓语动词】（1）一个句子中用到多个动词时，保留一个作谓语，其它变非谓（2）主动用 ing; 被动用 done ；要做去做用to do 看主被动？先名后动！ （把逻辑主语放在非谓前面来判断）（3）如果非谓语前有名词，则非谓语就是这个名词干的；如果非谓语前没有名词，则非谓语是主句主语干的。

4）如果非谓语结构中含有have ，则表示非谓语动作发生在主语动作之前Eating my dinner, I started to do my homework. 吃着晚饭，我开始写作业Having eaten my dinner, I started to do my homework. 吃完晚饭，我开始写作业非谓语动词的形式：原型“ 之前” “ 正在 ”“ 要、去 ”主动doinghaving done doing to do 被动donedone( 定状均可 )being done to be done having been done(只作状语 ) The building (built) there is mine. The building (to be built) there is mine. The building (being built) there is mine 不加时间词就能翻译通的话，优先用原型；必须就时间词才能翻译的话，选择后7 种形式被狗咬了三次之后，这个邮递员拒绝来我们家Bitten by our dog for 3 times, this postman refused to come to our home. Having been beaten by our dog 。