2000-2013年历年考研英语真题+答案解析完美版.pdf

2013年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题及答案 Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or Don ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)People are,on the whole,poor at considering background information when making individual decisions.At firstglance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors.ButDr.Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biasedby the daily samples of information they were working with.4,he theorised that a judge 5 of appearing too soft6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendantsonly to forced community service on that day.To 8 this idea,he turned to the university-admissions process.In theory,the 9 of an applicant should notdepend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day,but Dr.Simonsohn suspected thetruth was 11.He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews 12 by 31 admissions officers.The interviewers had 13 applicantson a scale of one to five.This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration.The scores were 15 used inconjunction with an applicanfs score on the Graduate Management Admission Test,or GMAT,a standardizedexam which is 16 out of 800 points,to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.Dr.Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points ormore higher than that of the one 1 7 that,then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075points.This might sound small,but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate could need 30 more GMATpoints than would otherwise have been 20.1.Agrants Bsubmits Ctransmits Ddelivers2.Aminor Bobjective Ccrucial D external3.Aissue Bvision Cpicture Dexternal4.A For example B On average Cln principle DAbove all5.Afond Bfearful Ccapable D thoughtless6.A in B on Cto D for7.A if B until C though D unless8.A promote B emphasize Cshare Dtest9.A decision B quality C status D success10.A chosen B studied C found D identified11.A exceptional B defensible C replaceable D otherwise12.A inspired B expressed C conducted D secured13.A assigned B rated C matched D arranged14.A put B got C gave D took15.A instead B then C ever D rather16.A selected B passed C marked D introduced17.A before B after C above D below18.A jump B float C drop D fluctuate19.A achieve B undo C maintain D disregard20.A promising B possible C necessary D helpfulSection 1 1 Reading Com prehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark youranswers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text 1In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada,Miranda Priestly,played by Meryl Streep,scolds herunattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn*t affect her,Priestly explains how the deep bluecolor of the assistants sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to thebargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn*t be more out of date or at odds with the feverishwould be described in Overdressed,Elizabeth Clines three-year indictment of fast fashion.In the last decadeor so,advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara,H&M,and Uniqlo to react totrends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely.Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory,more frequent release,and more profit.These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes asdisposable-meant to last only a wash or two,although they dont advertise that-and to renew their wardrobeevery few weeks.By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices,Cline argues,these brands have hijackedfashion cycles,shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution,of course,are not limited to designers.For H&M to offer a$5.95 knit miniskirt inall its 2,300-pius stores around the world,it must rely on low-wage overseas labor,order in volumes that strainnatural resources,and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion world*s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollans The OmnivoresDilemma.Mass-produced clothing,like fast food,fills a hunger and need,yet is non-durable and wasteful,MCline argues.Americans,she finds,buy roughly 20 billion garments a year 一 about 64 items per person 一 andno matter how much they give away,this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed,Cline introduced her ideal,a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont,who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes-and beautifully.But as Cline is the first to note,it tookBeaumont decades to perfect her craft;her example can*t be knocked off.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment-including H&M,with its green Conscious 。