定语从句关系副词讲解及练习.docx

定语从句中关系副词的用法关系副词，顾名思义，是联系先行词和定语从句的词，属于副词定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when,where和why,它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语其句法结构如下：表时间的名词+when+定语从句when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语例句：IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.I’lnleverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.表地点的名词+where+定语从句where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语例句：Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.表原因的名词reason+why+定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语)例句:ThatisthereasonwhyIdidthejob.(在现代英语中why可以省略)上句也可以这样表示：ThatisthereasonIdidthejob.又如：Thiswasthereason(why)weraisedthetemperature.关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视：1) “when'"whereffi“why的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子：* IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstmetyouontheseashore.* Iwillneverforgetthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherinXueyaoMiddleSchool.* *Thisisthehospitalwheremymotherworks.* *Thisisthehospitalwhich/thatwevisitedthedaybeforeyesterday.* **Thereasonwhyhedidnotgotoschoolisthathewasill.* **Thisisthereasonwhich/thathegavehisbossintheoffice.2) “when'"whereft!"whytB可以替换成介词+which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。

例如：DoyoustillrememberthedayonwhichwefirstmetinNantong?(onwhich=when)Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.(inwhich=where)DoyouknowthereasonforwhichherefusedtogotoMary’sbirthdayparty.(forwhich=why)有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系，尤其在非限制性定语从句中，常使用“介词+which”结构，而不使用关系副词例如：Mymotherworksinafactory,infrontofwhichthereisasmallriver.Atnightthesoldiersgottoasmallhill,atthefootofwhichstoodafarmhouse.3)关系副词“when'“wher麒可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句例如：IwillalwaysrememberthedaywhenIfirstvisitedtheGreatWall.HecametoShanghaiin1980,whenhewasonly12.Idon’tknowtheexactspotwheretheywillmeet.MrWangwillflytoBeijing,wherehewillstayforthreemonths.有时关系副词“when："wher明导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象，是为了平衡句子的语法需要。

DoyourememberoneafternoontenyearsagowhenIcametoyourhouseandborrowedadiamondnecklace?ThedaysaregoneforeverwhentheChinesepeopleused“foreignoil.”.4) “tha可活用为关系副词，相当于"whenwhere、why”和介词+which'结构，尤其在“thetimewhen'等结构中的“when常被“thatf弋替，而且“thatff往省略ImayleavehereanytimeIwantto.DuringthetimeIwasthereIvisitedhimtwice.ThisismysecondtimeIhavecometoyourcountry.5) “whicMT时可用作关系形容词，这是“whichffi非限制性定语从句中的特殊使用，如：Thedoctoradvisedhimtogiveupsmoking,whichadvicehedidnotfollow.定语从句专项练习1． ThisistheplaceJohnwasborn?A．whichB．whereC.whenD．that2． HeistheonlypersonIwanttotalkto.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whose3． Isthisproblemtheteacherexplainedlastweek?A．theoneB．thatC．whichD．one4． Thehighbuildingstandfourpolicemenisthepolicestation．A．whichB．thatC．infrontofitD.infrontofwhich5． MymotherwillgiveMaryamodelplaneshewillliketoplay．A．whichB．thatC．forwhichD．withwhich6． ThefilmbroughtthehoursbacktomeIwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage.A．untilB．thatCwhenD．where7． TherearetimesIwonderwhyIdothisjob．A．asB．whileC．whichD．when8． AfterlivinginLondonforthirtyyears，MrSmithreturnedtothesmalltownhegrewupasachild．A．whichB．whereCthatD．when9． Theyhadalongtalkaboutthepersonsandthingstheybothknew．A．whomB．whatC.thatD．which10． ThatistheverybookIamlookingfor.A．thatB．whichC．whatD．as11． WhoisthescientistisgoingtogiveusatalkonspacethisSunday?A．thatB．whoC.whichD．whom12． Idon'tlikethewayyouspeaktoyourteacher．A．／B．inthatC.whichD．ofwhich13． CouldyoutellmewhentogetthebookIwanttoread?A．whatB．whoC．／D．it14． ThedayswespentinTokyotogetherwillneverbeforgotten.A.whenB．whichC．whoD．onwhich15． ApenfriendofmineIoftenreceivelettersaskedmeforsomeChinesecoins.A．whoB．whomC．towhoD．fromwhom16． Don'tforgetthedayyouwereadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.A．whenB．thatC．atwhichD.where17． Perhapsthisistheonlyshopyoucangetsuchcheapgoods.A.thatB．ofwhichC．bywhichD．where18． IcanstillremembertheplacemybrotherandIusedtositintheevening.A．whichB．whatC.thatD．where19． isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As20． Allisneededisasupplyofoil.A.thethingB.whatC.thatD.which21． Hewasseriouslyillwhenhewasachild,madehimlosehissight.A.asB.thatC.whichD.it22． Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasinglepersonhecouldturnforhelp.A.thatB.towhomC.whoD.fromwhom23． HetoldthesamestoryItold.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it24． ThebestworkisthatTomhasdone.A.itB.whichC.whenD.where25． Thefirstthingweshoulddoistowatertheflowersinfrontoftheroom..A.whichB.asC.whatD.that26． Anygirls___knewhimwereteachers.A.whereB.thatC.theyD.whom27． Thehousefellandhurtawomanandherdog___werejustpassingby.A.whichB.asC.thatD.who28． Thatisthehotelwestayedlastyear.A.inthatB.inwhichC.whyD.atwhich29． ThisisthereasonwemadeMrLiheadmasterofourschool.A.whereB.whenC.beforeD.why30． Thestudentwhodoeswellinhislessonisthemonitor___isverymodestandstudieshard.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which答案与简析：1．B.先行词是地点，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。

2.A.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时，关系代词常用that3. A.缺少先行词，故选A,作宾语的关系代词省略4. D．介词+关系代词引导定语从句5. D.playwith是一个固定结构，故选withwhich6. C.先行词为时间名词hours,在定语从句中作状语7. D.先行词为时间名词times,在定语从句中作状语8. B．先行词为地点名词，在定语从句从中作状语9. C.先行词包含人和物，关系代词只能用that10. A.先行词被thevery修。