考研必考词汇辨析一网打尽（上）.docx

考研必考词汇辨析一网打尽（上）abide, adhere, conform, complyabide v.后接by表示“遵守，同意”I will abide by the director* decision.我将遵从主任的决定adhere 接to表示“遵守”当然adhere -词的其它意思如“坚持；粘附”也经常被考到Car drivers must adhere to the rules of driving.汽车司机必须遵守驾驶规则 conform v.后接to表示“遵守，符合All individuals are required to conform to the laws made by their governments.每个人都应该遵守政府制订的法律 comply v.后接with表示“遵守，服从"，用于正式的场合Our company complies with governmental regulations on paying taxes.我们公司遵守政府有关纳税的规 定 abnormal, uncommon, disorderedabnormal a.不正常的，反常的（但并非罕见），指行为或现彖（如气候）的异常。

His body temperature has been abnormal for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5 degree centigrade.体温三天 來一直都不正常，最高的时候达到40.5摄氏度尽管身体发烧不正常，但生活中也时有发生uncommon a.罕见的，不平常的，指很少经历或很少见到的状况；特别的，出色的Hurricanes are uncommon in England.飓风在英国非常罕见That is uncommon instant coffee; it tastes great!那速溶咖啡质量上乘,味道好极了! disordered a.混乱的,杂乱的;（精神或身体）有病的We couldn't understand her disordered presentation.我们听不明白她条理不清的陈述abolish, cancel, eliminate, dispose, erase, exclude, extinguish这一组动词都有“取消，除掉”的意思abolish v.指对法律、习俗、制度的废除;完全破坏。

The government abolished the tax on alcohol.政府取消T酒税cancel v.对预先安排的某种活动（如旅行、计划、会议等）的取消；删去（字、句）The meeting has been cancelled because of the flu.会议由于流感而取消了eliminate v.指消除、淘汰己经存在但是现在不需要的东西The losing team was eliminated from further competition.失利的那个队被淘汰了，不能参加卜 阶段的比赛The doctor helped him eliminate toxins from the intestine.医生帮助他排出肠中毒素dispose v.处理，处置；表示“除掉、扔掉”时常与of连用这一点需要注意After your picnic, please dispose of the liUer.野餐厉请清除掉垃圾erase v.除去，擦掉，指有意识地除去字迹、声音等I erased the music on the tape before recording on the tape again.我在往磁带上录音之前先消掉了上面的音乐。

exclude v.排斥；排除，不包括在内，与include互为反义词The restaurant excludes anyone who is not properly dressed from entering.衣冠不整者不得进入该餐馆 extinguish v.熄灭,扑灭（火）；使沉默,使暗淡Firefighters extinguished a big fire.消防队员扑灭了大火abstract, digest, outline, summary这一组名词都有“要点，摘要''的意思abstracts概要，摘要，尤其指对学术论文或法律论据作的简述I have read the abstract of his book.我己经读了他的书的概要digest n. 幅较长的）摘要，文摘，它是对原文的浓缩而不是对原文的简单解秣，浓缩肩仍保持原文的顺序、重点和风格Reader's Digest《读者文摘》outline n.要点，犬纲，概要She made an outline of ideas she wanted to present in her talk.她把自 l2耍谈的想法列了一个提纲。

summary n.总结，摘要，指用寥寥数语概括文章或者讲话的要点，不考虑原文的风格absurd, ridiculous, silly这一组形容词都有“愚蠢，可笑"的意思absurd a.荒谬的，可笑的，指因不符合常识、违反真理或不合逻辑而令人发笑There was an absurd idea that the earth was flat and motionless.过去曾经有一种荒谬的观点认为地球呈扁平状而且 静止不动ridiculous a.荒唐可笑的，指因为愚昧无知而令人发笑并成为笑柄，含有蔑视成分It is ridiculous to judge a foreign culture only by its food.仅仅根据一个国家的饮食來评价该国家的文化是荒唐可 笑的silly a.愚蠢的，傻的，指由于单纯或者头脑简单而显得愚蠢a silly little boy 傻小子abundant, plentiful这两个形容词都有“充足的”之意abundant a.（数量）充足的，常用于人、物产、资源、雨量等，含有“过多”之意Oil is in abundant supply in this country.这个国家右汕供应 I •分充裕。

plentiful a.丰富的，充足的，常用于食物、收获、财产等，不能用于时问、空间、思想等方面Eggs are plentiful at this moment.现在鸡蛋很多accent, tone, dialect这三个名词意思相近，容易混淆accent n.口音，指某一地区语言的发音特征；重音He speaks English with a Spanish accent.他讲英语带有西班牙 口音tone n.语气，音调，指说话人的口气或声音的高低、轻重等He speaks to his baby in soft tones他用柔和的语调和他的婴儿说话dialect n.方言，土语，地方话，指一个地区人们所使用的语言the Yorkshire dialect 约克郡方言 the Sichuan dialect 四川方言access, assess这两个词为-■组“形近易混词access n.接近，进入The people living in these 叩artments have free access to that swimming pool.住在这些公寓里的人"J 以免费地进入 游泳池。

assess v.评估（财产，价值）I assessed how much it would cost to build a new apartment.我评估了一下建一套新的公寓要多少钱 accommodate, afford, furnish这一组动词都有“提供”的意思accommodate v.提供住宿、房间；适应，迎合，迁就This hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.这家饭店可供 500 位來宾住宿The company accommodated the customer's wish and sent the delivery overnight.公司满足了顾客的愿望，连仅将货 物发了岀去afford V.负担，支付；当“提供”讲时，多用于指抽象事物的提供We can't afford that expensive sports ca匚我们买不起那辆昂贵的跑车=The tall building affords a beautiful view of the ocean.从这幢高楼上可以看到人海的美丽景致furnish v.指提供生活或某种用途所需要的东西。

Reading furnishes the mind only with materials of knowledge, it is thinking that makes what we read ours.l阅 读虽然为 我们的思想提供了各种知识，然而只有思考才能将我们读到的内容变成自己的东西accomplishment, attainment, achievement这三个名词都有“成就”的意思accomplishment n.成功，成就；才艺，修养Climbing that high mountain was an accomplishment for the hikers.对于登山运动员來说，爬上了那座山就是成功Being able to paint well is just one of her accomplishments.H画得好只是她的许多才能之一attainment n.指学识和造诣（常用作复数）；达到，到达a scholar of the highest attainments 造诣极高的学者 achievement n.可指抽象的"成就"，或具体的“成绩”，与accomplishment是同义词。

accuse, charge两个动词都有“控诉，指控”之意，但它们后而所搭配的介词不同accuse v.指控,控诉,与介词of连用The police accused him of theft.警察指控他犯有盗窃罪charge v.可以指因为小错而受的责备，也指因违法而受到控告，与介词with连用The police charged him with murder.警察指控他犯了谋杀樨acquire, attain, obtain, gain, earn, achieve, secure这一组动词都有”获得，取得”的意思，在考研和CET-6当中麼次出现它们Z问的辨析acquire v.多指经过努力逐步获得才能，知识，习惯等，也可用于对财物等的获得，该词强调“一经获得就会长期持有” 的含义It is through learning that the individual acquires many habitual ways of reacting to simations.正是通过学:习，彳、人才 得以获得应付各种情况的习惯做法attain v.指经过不懈的努力获得未曾预料到的结果；也可指达到某一 口标。

The salesperson attained his sales goal for the month.这名销售员完成了 当月的销售日标obta。