grammar(网）.ppt

名词性从句名词性从句Noun ClausesNoun ClausesThe first periodThe first periodSTEP 1 Fill in the blanks 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词性从句在功能上相当于名词His job is important.What he does is important.主主语语 This is his job.This is what he does every day.表表语语｛｛Step 2 PresentationI don’t like his job.I don’t like what he does every day.宾宾语语I don’t know about the man, Mr. White.I don’t know about the fact that he is a teacher.同同位位语语｛｛什么叫名词性从句？什么叫名词性从句？n在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句句 ( (Noun ClausesNoun Clauses））n名词从句的功能相当于名词词组名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, , 它它在复合句中能担任在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语、、同位语同位语等等n因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

语从句、表语从句和同位语从句Step 4 consolidation辨析句子辨析句子n1. That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.n2.Whether he’ll be able to come is not yet known.n3.Why they have not left yet is not clear so far.n4. She believed that he had not told her the truth.Step 4 consolidation辨析句子辨析句子n5. I wonder if/ whether that’s a good idea.n6. Polly didn’t know which way she should go.n7. I’m interested in who that tall man is.n8. There was a discussion about whether Polly had found the blind man.Step 4 consolidation辨析句子辨析句子n9. My question is whether Polly can find her way home.n10. The problem is how Polly going to find us in the crowd.n11. The news that he couldn’t come made us upset.n12. Whatever gave you the idea that I can sing ?Step 5、引导名词性从句的连接词、引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 1.连接词：连接词：2.连接代词：连接代词：3.连接副词：连接副词： 名词性从句的引导词：名词性从句的引导词：1.连接词连接词 ：：that、、if、、whether不作成分不作成分无意无意义义2. 连接代词连接代词 ：：who、、 whom 、、whose、、 what、、which3. 连接副词：连接副词： when、、 where、、why、、how“是是否否”作主作主/宾宾/表表作状语作状语Step 6、、Homework：： 1.2.3.名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用（（1））that 和和what 的选用的选用？？that / what1.______ he wants is a book.2. ______ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is ____ we won the game.4.This is _____ we want to know.WhatThatthatwhat5.Is _____ he told us true ?6.We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _____ he will come.whatwhatthat名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用（（1））that 和和what 的选用的选用that 和和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。

都可引导所有的名词从句但是，但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语而或表语而that在名词性从句中不充当任在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用何成分，只起连接作用if 和和whether 的选用的选用？？if / whether1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.2. ________we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.if / whetherWhether3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.4. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not.5. I don’t know ________ or not he is well.whetherwhether/ifwhether6. The question is _________ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question ________ the old man will recover soon.8. I don’t know _______ to go.whetherwhetherwhetherif 和和whether 的选用的选用不能使用不能使用if 的情况：的情况：a. 主语从句主语从句b. 表语从句表语从句c. 同位语从句同位语从句e. 介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句f. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用if to do.g .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.其它连接代词和副词的连用其它连接代词和副词的连用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义, 正确的选择正确的选择who、、 which、、 when、、where 、、 why、、 how 等连接词，这些等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。

用，同时在从句中充当各种成分我们何时举行运动会还没有决定我们何时举行运动会还没有决定 we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃I don’t know _____broke the glass yesterday.Whenwho我不知道他长的什么样子我不知道他长的什么样子 I have no idea ______ he looks like.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方这就是我忘记眼镜的地方This is ______ I left my glasses.whatwhere关于that引导的主语从句n特点：特点：无意义，不作任何句中成分，无意义，不作任何句中成分，只起连接作用，只起连接作用，不可以不可以省略！省略！nThat he is still alive is unbelievable.nThat we shall be late is certain.三、关于引导词三、关于引导词that 有时候为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚有时候为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，或者是为了强调，常用轻，或者是为了强调，常用it来做来做形式主形式主语语，把，把that引导的主语从句放到后面。

引导的主语从句放到后面nIt is certain that she will do well in her exam.nIt is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.nIt’s a pity that we can’t go. 特点：无任何实际意义，也不作任何句子成分，只是起连接作用，且常常省略nI think (that) English is easy to learn.nYou said (that) you like your mother very much.关于关于that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句n在某些复合宾语的句式中，也常用在某些复合宾语的句式中，也常用it作形式宾语，把作形式宾语，把that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句放在后面放在后面nWho will see to it that everything will be ready before Mr. President comes?特殊情况特殊情况that 在以下情况不省略：1. Make, find, feel, consider等这些词的后面用it作形式宾语时，that不省略。

I find it necessary that we should study English.2. 及物动词后有两个宾语从句时，第二个that不可以省略He said (that) he would go there the next day and that his family wouldn’t go there.3. 与动词相隔离的宾语从句一般与动词相隔离的宾语从句一般不省不省略略that.The teacher tells us very often that we should study hard.4.that引导的宾语从句放在句首时，引导的宾语从句放在句首时，为了表示强调为了表示强调,that不可以不可以省略That he has done such a thing I can’t believe.nthat 引导表语从句，用来表示某一引导表语从句，用来表示某一事实，也能表示某人的观点，意见，事实，也能表示某人的观点，意见，要求和希望等要求和希望等nThe problem is that her parents couldn’t accept me.关于关于that引导的表语从句引导的表语从句n如果句子的主语是suggestion, order, advice等名词时，后面that引导的表语从句用“(should)+动词原形”。

nHis suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.nYour advice is that we (should) do the homework first.特点：对前面的名词作进一步的说明，特点：对前面的名词作进一步的说明，无实际意义，不作任何成分，无实际意义，不作任何成分，但不但不可以省略可以省略 The news that our team won the first prize excited all of us.关于关于that引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句四、同位语从句和定语从句的区别四、同位语从句和定语从句的区别1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容定语从句涉及先行词的具体内容定语从句中中that不但起连接作用，而且在定不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略从句的宾语成分时可省略2.同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一 步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具 体内容。

引导同位语从句的体内容引导同位语从句的that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分在同位语从句中不做任何成分, 只只 起连接作用起连接作用, 无具体含义无具体含义, 且不可省且不可省 略名词性从句考点归纳名词性从句考点归纳一、名词性从句的语序一、名词性从句的语序(1). 名词性从句构成有两种名词性从句构成有两种a. That + 陈述句陈述句That light travels in straight lines is known to all.b. 疑问词疑问词+句子的剩余成分句子的剩余成分 This is what we are looking for.(2) 疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句语陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )FT你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Could you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell me where does he live? ( )TF practice1.---I think it is going to be a big problem. ---Yes, it could be. ---I wonder ______we can do about it.A.if B.how C.what D.that2.______is no possibility _____Bob can win the first prize in the match.A.There; that B.It; whatC.There; whether D.It; whether3.A computer can only do ____you have instructed it to do.A.how B.after C.what D.when4.Can you tell me ______?A.who is that gentleman B.that gentleman is whoC.who that gentleman isD.whom is that gentleman5.He didn’t know which room______.A.they lived B.they lived inC.did they live D.did they live in6.To get the job started, ____I need is from here.A.only what B.all whatC.all that D.only that7.In some countries ________is called “equality” doesn’t really mean equal rights for all people.A.which B.what C.that D.one8.Go and get your coat. It’s ____you left it.A.there B.whereC.there where D.where there9.______you don’t like him is none of my business.A.What B.who C.That D.Whether10.The reason____I plan to go is ___she will be disappointed ____I don’t .A.why; because; when B.why; that; ifC.because; that; if D.why; that; whether11.---____can I do with a situation? ---Take____measure you consider best.A.How ; whichever B.What; whateverB.C. How ;whatever D.What; whicheverC.12._____she said suggested that she hadn’t decided ____to go or not.D.A.What; if B.That; whetherE.C.What; whether D. Whether; what13.He made a promise _____anyone set him free he would make him very rich.A.that B.if C.what D.that if 14.______would like to devote his whole life to his country should go _____there are all kinds of difficulties.A.Who;somewhere B.Whoever; whereC.Whatever; anywhere D.Who; there15.---Can I sit in the front row? ---Yes. You can take ____seat you like.A.whatever B.whatC.whichever D.which16.They lost their way in the forest and ____made matters worse was ____night began to fall.A.what; that B.it; that C.what; when D.which; what17.____gone is gone. _____no use talking about it any more.A.That’s; It’s B.What’s ; It’sC.It’s; That’s D.That’s; that’s18.I didn’t quite follow you . What was ___you just said about the place?A.where B.whichC.that D.how19.It was ____my father worked ___I work now.A.where; that B.wherever; whereC.that; where D.that; that20.It was only____I reread his poems recently ______I began to appreciate their beauty.A.that; when B.when; thatC.until; than D.when;thanI am not certain ____ will win the championship.A.who B.that C.which D.whatAI doubt ________he will be admitted to this university.I don’t doubt_____he will be admitted to this university. (whether / that)whetherthat。