清华大学计算机专业英语1.5-1.6.ppt

1,1.5 input/output system,1. source 信息源,,source code 源代码 source program 源程序 source statement 源代码语句,2. destination 目的,3. volume 卷；音量,A disk or tape that stores computer data. 存储计算机数据的一张磁盘或一卷磁带The loudness of an audio signal. 声音信号的响度2,4. intermediate language 中间语言,A computer language used as an intermediate step between the original source language,usually a high-level language, and the target language,usually machine code. 一种计算机语言，介于初始的源语言(通常是高级语言)和目标语言(通常是机器代码)5. matching 匹配(法),6. keyboard 键盘,,keyboard buffer 键盘缓冲区 keyboard shortcut 键盘快捷键 keycap 键帽,3,7. modem 调制解调器 (modulator/demodulator),,modulation 调制 demodulation 解调,8. synchronize v. 同步,,synchronization n. 同步 synchronous a. 同步的,9. sink 接收器,A device or part of a device that receives something from another device. 从其他装置接收数据的设备或部分设备。

4,10. buffer n. 缓冲区，缓冲器 v. 缓冲,11. terminate v. 终止,,比较 terminal n. 终端,12. coprocessor 协处理器,13. accumulator 累加器,14. peripheral n. 外(围)设(备),15. map v. 映射 n. 映像、映射,16. pattern 模式,,pattern recognition 模式识别,5,17. argument 参数，变元，自变量,,比较 parameter 参数 pass by address 按地址传递 pass by value 按值传递,18. coherence n. 同调，一致性，相干性,19. DMA direct memory access 直接存储器存取,20. interactive a. 交互,,interactive fiction 交互式故事 interactive session 交互式会话 interactive voice system 交互式语音系统,A type of computer game in which the user participates in a story by giving commands to the system. 一种计算机游戏，在游戏中用户通过对计算机系统发出命令的方式参与到某个故事中。

6,21. capture v. 捕获,22. response time 响应时间,23. mouse 鼠标(器) relative pointing device 相对定位设备 如 trackball 跟踪球,,bus mouse 总线鼠标器 mechanical mouse 机械鼠标器 optical mouse 光鼠标器 optomechanical mouse 光机械鼠标器 serial mouse 串行鼠标器,7,,mouse pad 鼠标垫 mouse port 鼠标端口 mouse sensitivity 鼠标灵敏度 mouse trails 鼠标踪迹,24. cursor 光标,,cursor blink speed 闪烁速度,25. touch screen 触摸屏,8,,graphics tablet 图形输入板 graphics printer 图形打印机 graphics processor 图形处理器 graphics interface 图形界面,27. light pen 光笔,,light – emitting diode 发光二极管 light source 光源 lightwave system 光波系统,26. graphic a. 图的，图形的,9,,digitizing tablet 数字化仪,29. accuracy n. 准[精]确度[性],,比较 precision 精密度,28. digitize v. 数字化,The degree to which the result of a calculation or measurement approximates the true value. 计算或测量的结构与真实值相近的程度。

The extent of detail used in expressing a number.用来表达一个数的精细程度10,30. reliability n. 可靠性,31. scan v. 扫描,,scanner 扫描仪 Types of scanner： flatbed scanner 平板式扫描仪 feed scanner 送纸扫描仪 drum scanner 鼓式扫描仪 handheld scanner 手持式扫描仪,32. sensor 传感器,11,33. speech recognition 语音识别,,speech synthesis 语音合成,34. sharpness 清晰度,,high resolution 高分辨率 low resolution 低分辨率,35. resolution 分辨率,36. image 图像,,image compression 图像压缩 image editing 图像编辑,12,38. flat-panel display 平板显示器,,portable computer 便携式计算机 portable language 可移植语言,37. pixel 像素(picture(pix) element),39. portable a. 便携式；可移植,40. electroluminescent display 电致发光显示器,13,41. printer 打印机,,impact printer 击打式打印机 如 dot-matrix printer 点阵式打印机 nonimpact printer 非击打式打印机 如 laser printer 激光打印机 ink-jet printer 喷墨打印机,42. plotter 绘图仪,14,44. ribbon,,比较 PIN personal identification number 个人身份识别号[码],43. pin 引脚，插针,,ribbon cable 带状电缆 ribbon cartridge 色带盒,15,1.6 buses and controllers,1. dedicated a. 专用,,dedicated channel 专用信道 dedicated circuit 专用电路 dedicated line 专线,2. uni- [前缀] 表示“一”、“单”,,Unibus 单总线 unicast 单路传送 unipolar 单极(性),16,,比较 simulation 仿真,3. simultaneous a. 同时发生的,,simultaneous access 同步访问 simultaneous processing 同步处理技术,4. centralized control 集中式控制,,centralized network 集中式网络 centralized processing 集中式处理,17,5. decentralized control 分散式控制,,decentralized processing 分散式处理,6. priority 优先权(级),7. millisecond 毫秒，10-3 秒,,milli- [前缀] 毫 10-3 millivolt 毫伏 millimeter 毫米 centi- [前缀] 百分之一 10-2 centimeter 厘米 deci- [前缀] 分 10-1 decimeter 分米 kilo- [前缀] 千 103 kilometer 千米,18,8. daisy chain 菊花链,,daisy chain 菊花轮,9. polling 轮询,10. global a. 全局，共用,,global operation 全局操作 Global Positioning System 全球定位系统GPS global variable 全局变量,,比较 local a. 局部，本地,19,11. distribute v. 分布,,distributed network 分布式网络 distributed processing 分布式处理 distributed system 分布式系统,12. expanded a. 扩展,,expansion n. 扩充 expansion slot 扩展槽,20,13. module n. 模块,,modular design 模块(化)设计法 modular programming 模块化程序设计,,比较 modulo 模(运算) model 模型,14. synchronous a. 同步 asynchronous a. 异步,21,15. protocol n. 协议,16. PCI peripheral component interconnect 外部设备互连,17. adapter n. 适配器 ( 或adaptor ),18. arbitration 判优(原则)，仲裁(法),19. bridge n. 网桥，桥接程序,。