高一英语下学期知识要点复习.doc

梦幻网络 ( ) 数百万免费课件下载，试题下载，教案下载，论文范文，计划总结梦幻网络( )——最大的免费教育资源网站高一英语下学期知识要点复习Unit13 Healthy eating· 英语小窍门 · 句型与句子结构(句型层次表 )第一层 第二层 例句简单句 主 谓 I am coming.主 谓 宾 I like cats.主 谓 宾 宾 I bought you a book. I bought a book for you.主 谓 宾 补 I seldom see him do morning exercises.主 谓 表 I am a teacher. He is very tall.并列句 主谓 + 主谓 (and, or, but, for) I phoned him but there was no answer.复合句 主语从句 名词性从句 What he told me yesterday is true.宾语从句 I know that he is an American.表语从句 This is how he broke the door.同位语从句 His suggestion that we set off now has been accepted.定语从句 This is the room where he was born.状语从句 Before he came here, he had learnt Chinese for years.· 重点词汇解析 ·1. stomach n. 肚子，胃，复数为 stomachs。

肚子疼：stomachache 构成短语有：have a pain in the stomach 胃( 腹)疼lie on one’s stomach 俯卧have the stomach for… 对……有兴趣turn one’s stomach 使……恶心on an empty/a full stomach 空着肚子/吃饱2. bar n.(1)条状物；棒a bar of soap 一条肥皂 a bar of chocolate 一条巧克力 a bar of gold 一根金条(2)酒吧 a coffee bar(3)固定短语：behind bars 在狱中3. diet n.(1)正常饮食 a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 a diet of potatoes 土豆食品(2)饮食限制 go on a diet=be on a diet 节食, 节食No sugar in my coffee; I’m dieting.4. disease n. 疾病 a serious disease of the liver 严重的肝病diseased adj. 有病的 a diseased plant 病态的植物辨析：illness, diseaseillness：很少指具体疾病，只表示抽象的疾病和生病的状态。

disease: 指可以染上和传染他人的疾病e. g. Several children are away from school because of illness.几个孩子因生病没上学He has a rare heart disease.他得了一种罕见的心脏病5. probably 与 possibly 比较(1)probably 极有可能, 有几分根据的猜测; 比 possibly 所指的可能性大些e. g. He is working hard and clever as well many people can help him. He will probably win.他工作努力，人也聪明；很多人愿意帮助他他极有可能取胜2)possibly 可能地表示客观上潜在的可能性，可能性比 probably 小，经常与情态动词梦幻网络 ( ) 数百万免费课件下载，试题下载，教案下载，论文范文，计划总结梦幻网络( )——最大的免费教育资源网站can 或 may 连用e. g. She may possibly be the greatest writer of her generation. 她或许是她那一代人中最伟大的作家。

6. promise v. &n. 允诺；答应动词用法：后接名词或代词、不定式、that 从句(1)They promised an immediate reply. 他们答应立刻回复2)He promised me to be here at six o’clock.=He promised me that he would be here at six o’clock.. 他答应我他将在六点在这里等我3)I promised you not to say that. 我答应你不说那件事4)It promises to be warm this afternoon. 今天下午有望转暖5)He is a promising boy. 他是一个有前途的男孩名词用法：make a promise 许下诺言 give a promise 许下诺言 keep a promise 信守诺言 carry out a promise 履行诺言break a promise 违背诺言7. brain n.(1)用作不可数名词，大脑The brain is the centre of higher nervous activity.大脑是高等神经活动的中枢。

2)用作可数名词 brains，智力，头脑She has a good brain. =She has good brains.她很聪明8. advise, suggest 用法(1)advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise doing sth. 建议做某事advise that…(should) + 动词原形I advise you to leave now. 我建议你现在就离开I advise waiting till the proper time. 我建议等到适当时机( 才行动) We advise that steps (should) be taken at once. 我们建议立即采取措施2)suggest 建议，其句型为suggest doing sth. 建议做某事suggest one’s doing sth. =suggest sb. doing 建议某人去做某事suggest that…(should) + 动词原形We suggested that the old museum(should)be rebuilt as soon as possible.我们建议那座旧博物馆应该尽早重修。

9．diet 与 food 的区别：diet 指的是习惯的食物或规定的食物，特指维持健康的定量或定质的食物food 指能吃喝的具有营养的东西例如：The doctor has ordered me a special diet.医生给我安排了特殊的饮食I like a simple diet best.我最喜欢粗茶淡饭We must have food to eat and clothes to wear.我们必须有食物吃，有衣服穿The patient must not go without food, but he must have a diet without sugar.这个病人不可不吃东西，但要吃不含糖的饮食· 重点词组解析 ·1. plenty of 充分的，大量的，既可修可数名词又可修不可数名词，只用于陈述句，在疑问句中一般用 enough，在否定句中用 many 或 much注意：plenty of 前面没有冠词 a, 不可误记成 a plenty ofMake sure there is plenty of food for everyone. We have plenty of chairs here.in plenty 充足地梦幻网络 ( ) 数百万免费课件下载，试题下载，教案下载，论文范文，计划总结梦幻网络( )——最大的免费教育资源网站There is food in plenty. =There is plenty of food.2．be careful 用法归纳(1)be careful 单独使用，当心Be careful！The pan is hot! 当心！锅很热。

2)be careful about…对……谨慎I hope you’ll be careful in future about the things you say.我希望你将来对所说事谨慎3)be careful of…留神……We have to be careful of what they are doing.我们得留神他们做的什么4)be careful with…注意……You must be more careful with your work.你们需注意你们的工作有时 be careful 表示吝啬He’s too careful with his money; he never buys a drink for anyone.他太吝啬了，他从不给别人买杯水5)be careful not to do sth. 小心不要做……We want to be careful not to break anything.我们要小心不要打破任何东西6)be careful+从句 加以小心Be careful what you do. 小心你做的一切3．keep up with 跟上（防止落后）keep up with the class 跟上班级（不掉队） keep up with the development of society 适应社会的发展 keep up with the going on 跟上时尚 注意：catch up with （已经落后）赶上4．Be +adj +to 短语(1)be harmful to…对……有害be +adj. +to sb. /sth. 指对某人或某物有……影响或态度如何。

be good to…=be kind to…对……态度好be friendly to…对……友好be cruel to…对……凶残be bad to…对……态度不好be polite/impolite to…对……有礼貌/无礼貌be rude to…对……粗鲁5．cut 短语总结：(1)cut into…把……切成Vegetables should be cut into small pieces and dropped into the boiling water.蔬菜应切成小碎块放进开水里2)cut up 切碎Mom is cutting up the meat to make dumplings.妈妈正剁肉准备包饺子3)cut down 砍倒；削减If you cut down the trees, you will ruin the land.如果你砍伐树木，就会毁坏土地I have decided to cut down my smoking. 我决定戒烟4)cut off 切断，停掉Our water supply has been cut off ag。