大学四级听力第一讲课件.ppt

四级考试听力技巧讲解四级考试听力技巧讲解Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it!General Idea(听力概述）•1.听力重要性•Listening Comprehension 35%•Reading Comprehension35%•Cloze10% Writing15% Translation5%•2.题型•Section A Short conversation 8%• Longer conversation 7%•Section B Passage comprehension 10%•Section C Compound dictation 10%•3.如何备考（How to prepare)•A.读听力资料• 听听力资料• 背诵重点单词及短语 （以真题为重）•B.玩练习听力：•泛听VOA ,BBC,等• 听英文歌曲，看英文电影等•4.答题技巧（Skills)•A.听之前（pre – listening）:对全文进行全局性预览•B.听之时(while – listening):精听，速记，以听为主，以记为辅。

•C.听之后 （after – listening）:全面检查和补遗漏•5.注意（attention)•A. 切忌拿到考卷就去翻看作文题•B. 拿到考卷后除了填准考证什么的就因马上把思想集中在听力部分，因为这是考试中唯一只有一次机会的题目机不可失，失不再来 •C. 预读选项应该从最后一篇文章往前读•D. 答题的时间一般最长不要超过4秒至少要留6秒时间给下一道题的预读Short Conversation•简介: 每题含一组对话，基本上由三句话组成：男士•一句，女士一句，问话一句要求考生对其答•案作出正确选择，对话只念一遍.•主要内容是日常生活（衣食住行，学习，工作，生活等）•附，对话常见场景及常用句型•短对话听力的一些原则• 1. 推理原则：一般需对对话进行推理，故直接在对话中听到的一般不是正确答案• 2. 挫折原则：通常要办的事情都是不顺利的（如买东西买不到，订房间客满等）• 3. 男女原则：一般男生比较衰，女生比较牛男生提出的观点女生都是不同意或有不同看法的，反之女生提出的观点男生都是同意和赞赏的 男生的特征：脏、乱、差、浪费、穷、小气、不良习惯、迟钝、不顾家 女生的特征：爱干净、节约、富有、好学、能干、聪明、大度、耐心、恋家、除数理化外成绩都很好•4. 父母一般只有一个作用教育子女好好学习• 5. 除了父母教育子女外，家里（包括朋友家，阿姨家等等）发生的事情一般是不考的，故遇到地点推测题类似 at home / at Mary’s home之类的选项一般都是不对的。

•6. 四级听力短对话只考日常生活学习中遇得到事情，问题，故如果选项中出现一些日常生活中不太可能发生或很少发生的事情一般不会是正确选项•一.预读•带着目的听录音往往事半功倍，•a.推测对话内容，划出关键词（2011年6月题为例）11.A) He is careless about his appearance.•B)He is ashamed of his present condition.•C)He changes jobs frequently.•D)He shaves every other day.•12.A) Jane may be caught in a traffic jam.•B)Jane should have started a little earlier.•C)He knows what sort of person Jane is.•D)He is irritated at having to wait for Jane.•13.A) Training for the Mid-Atlantic Championships.•B)Making preparations for a trans-Atlantic trip.•C)Collecting information about baseball games.•D)Analyzing their rivals' on-field performance.14.A) He had a narrow escape in a car accident.•B)He is hospitalized for a serious injury.•C)He lost his mother two weeks ago.•D)He has been having a hard time.•15.A) The woman has known the speaker for a long time.•B)The man had difficulty understanding the lecture.•C)The man is making a fuss about nothing.•D)The woman thinks highly of the speaker.•16.A) He has difficulty making sense of logic.•B)Statistics and logic are both challenging subjects.•C)The woman should seek help from the tutoring service.•D)Tutoring services are very popular with students.•17.A) Her overcoat is as stylish as Jill's.C) Jill wore the overcoat last week.•B) Jill missed her class last week.D) She is in the same class as the man.•18. A) A computer game.C) An exciting experience.•B) An imaginary situation.D) A vacation by the sea.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A) Beautiful scenery in the countryside. C) Pain and pleasure in sports. B) Dangers of cross-country skiing.D) A sport he participates in.20.A) He can't find good examples to illustrate his point.B) He can't find a peaceful place to do the assignment.C) He doesn't know how to describe the beautiful country scenery.D) He can't decide whether to include the effort part of skiing.21.A) New ideas come up as you write.B) Much time is spent on collecting data.C) A lot of effort is made in vain.D) The writer's point of view often changes.•Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.•22.A) Journalist of a local newspaper.•B)Director of evening radio programs.•C)Producer of television commercials.•D)Hostess of the weekly "Business World".•23.A) He ran three restaurants with his wife's help.•B)He and his wife did everything by themselves.•C)He worked both as a cook and a waiter.•D)He hired a cook and two local waitresses.•24.A) He hardly needs to do any advertising nowadays.•B)He advertises a lot on radio and in newspapers.•C)He spends huge sums on TV commercials every year.•D)He hires children to distribute ads in shopping centers.•25.A) The restaurant location.C) The food variety.•B) The restaurant atmosphere.D) The food price.•二.主要题型•主要题型―――６种•1.地点题•主要问 Where did the conversation most probably/ likely take place?•2.时间题•主要问When/ What time did/will/is…?3.数字题主要问How much /many/old…?4.关系题主要问What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?e.g. M: What do you recommend for soup course?W: We have very nice tomato soup, sir.Q: What’s the relationship between the two speakers?•5.细节题•一般涉及对话的主要内容，如一方的态度、反应、建议、要求等。

主要问What does/will the man/woman do first…? • What are the two people talking about? • What’s the woman’s attitude to …?• What does the man/woman think of …? •注意这些词：because ,so , however, but ,the most important thing, personally speaking 等）•6.推导题•推导题• 主要问What does the man/woman mean/ imply? • 或 What can we learn from the conversation?•e.g. •M: Would you like to go to the concert tonight?•W: I’d like to, but I have to prepare for the maths exam tomorrow.•Q: What does the woman mean?•三.解题技巧•１.地点题。

•M: Excuse me; can I try this suit on?W: Sorry, I haven’t got a changing room here.•Q: Where did the conversation most likely take place?•地点题的解题技巧:一般从4个选项可以判定是否地点题，这类题的关键是听懂与这些地点有关的信号词•Hotel: book a room, single room, double room, room service, reception desk. 等；•Post office: stamp, mail, letter, envelope, parcel等；•Library: librarian, borrow, lend, be due, fine, catalogue, magazine等；Hospital/ drug store: •doctor, nurse, patient, operation, treat, examine, medicine, pills, prescribe/ prescription等；Restaurant: • reservation, menu, order, drink, salad, soup, dessert, a table for two等；Bank: •cash, check, deposit（储蓄）, account（帐户）, savings, 等；Department store: • assistant, customer, price, discount, on sale 等；Railway station: • train, platform, conductor, sleeping car, carriage等School: • teacher, student, homework, assignment, test, quiz, term paper, class等；Barber’s: haircut, hairstyle, shave, shampoo等•２．时间题。

主要问When/ What time did/will/is…?•M: John is supposed to arrive at 6:30.• W: But he is half an hour late.• Q: What time is it now?•时间题的解题技巧这类题主要涉及钟点，有时也涉及日期和年代，而且往往要进行简单计算e.g. • M: When will Flight 101 arrive?• W: It is supposed to arrive at 8, but it was delayed 2 hours due to he heavy fog.• Q: When will Flight 101 arrive?•时间的延迟: delay, postpone, put off, hold off•３．数字题主要针对对话中涉及的价格，数量，年龄等与数字有关的信息提问主要问How much /many/old…?•数字题的解题技巧这类题同时间题有些相似，对话中可能涉及多个数字信息，常要进行简单的计算或同时给出2-3个数字，其中有1-2个是干扰项 e.g. •w: I bought a sweater for only 20 dollars.•m: It’s quite cheap, only half the price of mine.•Q: What’s the price of the man’s sweater?•4．职业和身份解题技巧。

一般问 What is the man/woman? What’s the man’s/woman’s occupation？对于这类题，主要应注意与职业有关的关键词Teacher/ tutor: class, grade, mark, score, exam, test, assignment, homework, term paper等；Doctor: medicine/pills, disease, operation, injection, examine, hospital等；Police: traffic light, speeding, driver’s license, fine, give a ticket等；Waiter/Waitress: menu, order, tip, table等；Postman: deliver, letter, parcel, mail, post, mailbox等•5．否定语气的解题技巧1）no, no one, nobody, nothing, nowhere, never, neither, 均是完全否定例如：No students like the film.学生都不喜欢这部电影。

2）can’t do +比较级: 表示“非常……”之意•Eg: I can’t agree with you any more. 我非常同意•3）not… until… 直到……才•Eg: He didn’t come back home until it got to dark. 他直到天黑才回家4）the last +名词+定语从句表示“最不……”•Eg: He is the last person I want to see now.• (5) too… to do 太…不能•Eg: The box is too heavy to move. (6) 注意含有否定意义的词和词组•如little, few, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, free from, instead of, rather than等常考场景•Campus life(校园生活)•课程分类课程分类 •Optional course 选修课 •Required course 必修课 •Day course 白天的课 •Evening course 晚上的课 •经常出现的科目或专业 •Chinese 中文 English 英语 mathematic 数学•history 历史 •chemistry 化学 •Literature 文学 •考试 •Final exam 期终考试 •middle exam 期中考试 •make up 补考 •test测验 •pop test 事先没有说好的测验 •quiz 测验• oral test 口试•考试临近 draw on / in sight of / draw nearly •考试延期或取消 delay / be off / defer / hold up / postpone / put off / suspend •学校分类 •public school 公立学校• private school 私立学校• religious school 教会学校•学校中的人 •president 校长 •dean 院长 •professor 教授 •lecturer 讲师 •coordinator 管理员 •doctor 博士 •master 硕士 •bachelor 学士 •freshman 大一新生 •sophomore 大二学生• junior 大三学生 •senior 大四学生 •图书馆 •借书 lend / borrow / check out •参考书 reference book •续借 renew •过期 overdue •还书 return •罚金 fine •attend / have a lecture 上课 •cut a class 逃课 •miss a class 错过了课 •scholarship 荣誉奖学金 •assistantship 助教奖学金 •teaching assistant 助教 •research assistant 助研 •Transportation（交通运输）•fare 车票 •license 驾照 •rush hours 高峰时间 •traffic jam 交通堵塞 •overtake 超车 •one way street 单行道 •over speed 超速 •police officer 交警 •ticket 罚单 •fine 罚金 •fast way / express way / high way 高速公路 •motor way 机动车道 •super way 飞机机动车道 •free way 免费高速公路 •交通工具•tunnel / channel 隧道 •ring road 环线 •subway（美） / underground （英） 地铁 metro 地道地铁 •underpass人行地道 •overhead 轻轨 •flyover 人行天桥 •take a taxi 乘出租车 •call a taxi 招出租车/订出租车 •catch a train / bus 赶火车/汽车 •场景• mobile phone •pay phone 公用 •telephone box/booth 亭 •yellow page 黄页 •dial （拨号码） / press （按号码）• extension 分机 •operator 总机 •Put-through 接通 •wrong number / there is no one by this name 号码错了/ 没有这个人 •Hold on稍等 •take/leave a message 留言 •hang up / get off 挂断 •credit call 记账式 •bill the call into the 3rd party 免费•collect call 对方付费•机场场景 •plane / craft 飞机 •book 订票 •timetable 时间表 •destination 目的地 • one way ticket 单程票 •round trip ticket 来回票 •non-stop / direct flight 直航 •transfer / lay over / stop over 转机 •first / business / economy cabin 头等 / 商务 / 经济 舱 •confirm the flight 确认航班 •check in 登记 •boarding card 登机牌 •security check 安检 •送别时的祝语 •keep in touch 保持联系 •safe landing 安全着陆 •board 登机 •take off 起飞 •departure 离港 •safety / sect belt 安全带 •land 着陆 •arrival 进港 •pick up 接机 •公司场景 •job vacancy 有空缺职位 •letter of application 求职信 •resume 简历 •resume包括几部分 •basic / personal info. 基本信息/个人资料 academic background 教育背景 •work experience 工作经验 •interview 面试面试 •offer 聘用信 •work experience 工作经验 •work overtime 加班 •ask for a raise 加钱 •wage 周薪 •salary 日薪 •bonus奖金 •allowance 津贴 •annual income 年收入 •promotion 升职 •fire 解雇 •resign 辞职 •retire 退休 •laid-off 下岗 •work / job / career / course 工作 •post / position / vocation / title 职务 •假期休息的说法（依次是从大到小） •holiday 假日，假期 •vacation 休假 •annual leave 年假 •sick leave 病假 •rest 休息 •coffee break 指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息 •break away 离开一会 •租房场景 •live on campus 住校 •live off campus 住校外 •for sale 可销售的房子 •for rent / lease 可出租的房子 •to let 同上 •rent 租金 •utilities 公用事业费 •location 位置 •suburb / downtown 市郊 / 市中心 •condition 住房条件 •furnished 配家具 •unfurnished 无装修 •leaking 漏水 •blackout 断电 •environment 环境 •transportation 交通 •land lord 房东 •land lady 房东太太 •tenant 房客 •roommate 室友 •好的室友：neat 整洁的 considerate 体贴的，细心的 •不好的室友：messy / untidy 脏乱的 noisy 吵闹的 •医院场景 •see a doctor 去医院看医生 •send for a doctor 让医生出诊 •health center / clinic 卫生所 / 门诊部 •physician 内科医生 •surgeon 外科医生 •dentist 牙医 •make an appointment 预约 •emergency 急诊 •check up / exam 检查 •cold（感冒）—— flu （流感） —— headache （头痛）—— sore throat（嗓子痛）—— fever（发烧）—— toothache（牙疼） —— stomachache （胃疼） •prescribe 开药方 •pill / tablet 药片 liquid 喝药水 •injection = shot 注射 •operation 手术•medical result 诊断结果•宾馆场景 •make a reservation 预订房间 •confirm a reservation 确认预订 •cancel a reservation 取消预订 •fully booked / full up / full 客满 •porter 行旅员 •tips 小费 •reception 前台 •check in 登记入住 •single room 单人房 •double room 一张大床的双人房 •twin room 两张单人床的双人房 •suite 套房 •bathroom toilet / w.c closet restroom 厕所 •room service 客房服务 （四级听力中的客房服务一般只有考一种——送餐） •lounge 男士用休息区 •lobby 大堂 •business center 商务中心 •salon 美容厅 •ball 舞厅 •bar 酒吧 •night club 夜总会 •check out 退房 •邮局场景 •post / send / mail 寄 •letter / mail 信 •registered mail 挂号信 •regular mail 平信 •airmail 航空信 •parcel / package 包裹 •telegram / cable 电报 •rate 费率 •overweight 超重 •postage 邮资 •email 电子邮件 •reply 回复 •饭店场景 •eat out 出去吃 •take away 外带 •fast food 快餐 •book a table 订位子 •waiter / waitress 服务员•waitress menu 菜单 •order 点菜 •appetizer 开胃菜 •main course 主食 •tips 小费 •keep the change 不用找零了 •dessert 餐后甜点 •bill 账单 •service charge 服务费 •change 找零 •其他 •closed 关门 •open 开门 •office hours / business hours / working hours 工作时间，营业时间 •开关 power on / off 开/关 •turn on / off 开/关 •switch on / off 开/ 关 （这个词只能用于与电有关的开关，不能用于水龙头之类的开关）•the best thing 最好的事情选择 •the last thing 最不愿意做的事情 •the last man 最不愿意见的人 •best seller 畅销的东西 •sell up 卖完，卖光 售罄 •sell out卖完，卖光 售罄 / 出卖朋友或原则 •sell off 低价处理库存商品 •selling machine 自动售货机•selling point 卖点 •count the days 渴望 •count on = dependent / rely on depend on count in 把……考虑在内 •count for nothing 一钱不值 •count for little 无足轻重 •count for much 举足轻重 •count down 倒计时 •count up 相加 •count up to 共计 关于•关于旅行 •travel journey 陆上长途旅行 •trip 陆上短途旅行 •outing 远足 •stroll 散步 •wander 徘徊 •picnic 野餐 •camping 野营 •tour 周游 •cruise 水上短途旅行 •voyage 水上长途旅行 •关于死亡的说法 没有感情色彩的：die / end up / meat one’sdeath / decease •褒义的： pass away •贬义的：kick the bucket •关于和别人相处的好的说法 get on with = get along （well） with •be in good term with •live in peace with •关于强调 point out emphasize •lay / put emphasis on •give emphasis to •达成协议找到出路 find a way out reach an agreement •reach a consensus•关于水 water •running / tap ~ 自来水 •fresh ~ 活水 •still ~ 死水 、•pure ~ 纯净水 •purified ~ 净化水 •mineral ~ 矿泉水 •be used to do 被用于 •get used to doing 渐渐习惯于 •used to do 过去常常 •单复数意思不太一样的词 •ruin 毁灭 ruins 废墟 •authority 权威 authorities 当局 •brain 头脑 brains 智力，智慧 •custom 风俗习惯 customs 海关 •damage 破坏，损坏 damages 赔偿费 •ground 地面 土地 grounds 院子，监狱 •manner 礼貌 方式 manners 外貌 •minute 分钟 minutes 会议记录 •paper 纸张 papers 试卷 •time 时间 times 时代 •关于―调查 •research survey 市场调查 •opinion poll 名义调查民意调查 •questionnaire 问卷调查 •investigation 很正式的调查 •interview 会见，访谈 •belong to 属于 •participate in 参加 •be engaged in 从事、参加 •be involved in 卷入 •短对话中常用单词和句型 •1.表示期待、希望、渴望做某事的说法 expect / hope / wish/ be eager to/ anxious /dying to/ look forward to / yean / thirst / long for /can not wait counting the days •表示建议的句型 •how about…… 做……如何 •I heard about…… 我听说…… •If I were you …… 如果我是你…… •It seems to me that…… 在我看来似乎…… Let’s…… shall we ? 让我们……怎么样？ •Let us …… will you ? 让我们……怎么样？ •Shall I / we …… What about …… 做……如何 •Why don’t you …… 你为什么不…… •Why not + 动词原型 为什么不…… •Would you like …… 你要……吗？ •Wouldn’t …… be better / wiser 做……不是更好吗？ •表示同意、附和的句型 •I agree with you •Exactly •I couldn’t agree with you more / better I think so I can’t wait any minute • No problem 没问题 •Of course •Out of question 毫无疑问 •So do I / me too 我也是 •Sure / absolutely / beautiful 当然，很好 •Good idea •That sounds really nice 听起来真不错•表示询问的句型 •Any questions / anything wrong 有什么问题吗？ Can you give me some ideas 可以给我一些建议吗？ •Do you know …… Do you want to…… Do you find any wrong with 你觉得……有什么不对劲吗？ •How long will it take 做什么要花多久 •I am thinking of …… 我正在考虑做…… •I suppose think …… 我猜想…… •What’s your plane plan 你的计划是什么？ •What happens if …… 如果……怎么办？ •What shall we do 我们该怎么做？ Thanks!。