定语从句讲解例句例题.doc

一、只用 that 不用 which 主句已有疑问词 who 或 which 先行词既有人又有物时（先行 =人 +物）先行词为不定代词： thing 系列 （something, everything, anything, nothing）, all, much, few, little, none 先行词 +形容词最高级 / 序数词先行词由以下修饰： The 系列（ the very, the only, the same） ,any, few, little, no, all, one of, some （与 3 中 all 的区别） 有两定从时，一用 which ，则另一用 that先行前有such、the same修饰，先行词和关系代词指同一物时（有例题， such的意思不是"像…一样的”，与as用法做区别）There be 结构，修饰主语的定从宜用 that1、 Which of the cars that are in front of the hotel belongs to you?2、 He talked about the schools and teachers that he had visited.3、 We haven' t got much that we can offer you.All that you need is …4、 This is the most interesting film that I ' ve seen.5、 This the very room that I slept in that evening.6、 Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.7、 She is wearing the same dress that she wore yesterday.Tom is such a strange boy __as__ no one can understand.8、 There is ano ther reason able alter native（选择）that you can choose.只用 which 不用 that 非限定从关系代词前有介词 先行词后有插入语 有两定从时，一用that，则另一用 which （无例句） 先行词本身是 that1、 The fish, which I bought this morning, was very fresh.2、 This is the hotel in which you will stay.3、 Here is the English book which ,as I' ve told you, will help improve your English5、 What's that which flashed in the sky just now?二、分隔定从 在先行词和定语从句之间插入另一个定语短语 （先行词 +次定语 +主定语 ）在先行词和定语从句之间插入另一个状语短语 做主语的先行词后带一个定语从句 ,而句子的谓语又比较短 （比如是被动语态 ,不及物动词 ）,此时,常将定语从句移到句子后面 ,以避免头重脚轻 ,保持句子平衡在先行词和定语从句之间插入一个插入语（无例句）The village has developed a lot we learned farming two years ago.A. when B. which C. that D. where D1、 Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?2、 There are many thousands of stars in the sky that are like the sun.3、 All is not gold that glitters（ 发光 ）.The day will come when the Chinese set foot on the moon.三、介词 ;关系代词；关系副词； whose1. 介词 +关系代词(要点：介词的确定)(1) 根据介词和定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配(2) 根据定语从句意思的需要 , 此时不但要注意其前的搭配也要注意其后的搭配注意 1) 介词后面的关系词不能省略2) that 前不能有介词3) (要点 2)某些在从句中充当时间， 地点或原因状语的 “介词 +关系词 “结构可以同关系副词 when，where 和 why 互换2. 介词 +which 与关系副词在定语从句中 , 当先行词是表示时间、 地点或原因的名词时 , 就要分别用关系副词 when, where, why 来引导 , 在从 句中作状语。

关系副词 when, where, why 的含义相当于 “介词+ which ”结构, 因此常常可以和 “介词+ which ”结构交替使用3. whose1、 whose 在从句中作定语 ,指人或物2、 关系代词whose还可以在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语(这里的例句回到 三一1的要点了)3、 whose 可转换为 “ of +关系代词 ”型Gun control is a subject ( ) Americans have argued for a long time.A. of which B. with whichC. about which D. into which C1. ( 1 ) Who is the man with whom you just shook hands? ( shake hands with)(2) In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30pm many people have got home.A. whose time B. that C. on which D. by which析: 答案为 D 。

根据句意 “到下午 5: 30 时，许多人已经到家了 ”,且定语从句中又用了完成时 , 故应用介词 by2. This is the house in which I lived two years ago.This is the house where I lived two years ago.3. (1) This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of.(2) The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person.(3) .They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south.They lived in a house, the door of which opens to the south.四、模糊地点有些先行词不表示具体的地点 ,但表达一种 “地步 ,境地 ,形势 ”如, situation, case, stage, point, degree, occasion( 特殊的 事件或庆典)等，并且关系词在定语从句中作状语 ，则用where或in which来引导。

occasion(时机)用when来引导定 语从句Life is like a long race ( ) we complete with others to go beyond ourselves.A. why B. what C. that D. whereD 先行词为race,作地点状语，本题考查先行词地点模糊化五、 the waythe way+从句”结构在英语教科书中出现的频率较高 ,the way是先行词,其后是定语从句•它有三种表达形式：1） the way+that2） the way+ in which3） the way+ 从句 （ 省略了 that 或 in which）在通常情况下,用in which引导的定语从句最为正式，用that的次之，而省略了关系代词that或in which的,反而 显得更自然 ,最为常用 •如下面三句话所示 ,其意义相同 •I like the way in which he talks.I like the way that he talks.I like the way he talks.That is the boy spoke to the teacher.A. how B. the way how C. that D. whichA。

容易误选 B误认为the way（表 方式 ）后应接 how 引导的定语从句 （因为 how 可用来表方式 ）根本没有 how 这个关系副词Come on Tom, let's finish this the way we started it.Try to tell what you think of him and of the way the children treated him.六、 one of、 the only one of1、 the （only） one of the+ 复数 n. 定从谓单2、 one of the+复数n. 定从谓复1、 He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.2、 This is one of the books that are required for study at school.七、 asas 与限制定从：1、such…as （像 一样的）和 the same•…as （和 同样的）as是关系代词，such、same作定语，修饰主句的名词或代词，即先行词。

as可做主宾表 2、such as…such为代词，意为"这样的人或物” ，as做宾，修饰such （先行词）1 、 We have found such materials as are used in their factory.2、 This book is not such as I expected.八、主谓一致1、 关系代词作主，定从谓语与先行词的人称和数一致2、 as, such作主引导非限定从，指全句时，从句谓单（即把句子看作一个整体）3、 先行词为"one of the+复数n.”时，关系代词为从句主语，谓复1、2、4、 先行词为"The only one of the+复数n.”时，关系代词为从句主语，谓单Is he the man who wants to see you?As is usual, he came to school late this morning.Jim is one of the students who want to be doctors in our class4、 He is the only one of the students。