新视野大学英语第四册读写教程UNIT 6.ppt

Bribery and Business EthicsUnit 6 : Section ABackground InformationBackground InformationText StudyText StudySummarySummaryWritingWritingLead - inLead - inN H C ELead - inLead - in Our topic today is “Bribery”. Like it or not, almost every day witnesses reports about government officials accused of taking bribes. In effect, bribery has become an international disease. As the world trade grows, so does bribery. Today let’s take a closer look into the issue:BOOK4Unit6Question Answering1.Why do students sometimes feel surprised 2. when they find business ethics are included 3. in the content of their business course?Because they don’t know how serious the problem of bribery is.BOOK4Unit62. What will the manager of a company do if he decides to give up his principles in a negotiation with some government officials? He will bribe the officials.BOOK4Unit63. Why are practices such as paying agents and purchasers an exaggerated commission, and offering additional discounts described as “questionable” ?Because these practices are likely to be morally wrong and may be certain forms of bribery.BOOK4Unit64. What might a foreign company do if they want to sell arms to a company ?They might make large payments to ruling families or their close advisors, or make donations to party bank accounts.BOOK4Unit65. What does “a copy with a preface” mentioned in Paragraph 7 refer to?It refers to a rare edition of a book with $20,000 slipped within its pages.BOOK4Unit66. Has the ICC finally taken action to prohibit bribery? Why?No. Because its members have different opinions about the duties of the ICC.BOOK4Unit67. What does the last paragraph imply?Bribery seems inevitable in the business circles.uBribery in various forms is on the increase and has become a fact of commercial life. uOn the whole, the bribery can fall into three categories: 1st for political purposes or to secure major contracts; 2nd to obtain quicker official approval of some projects; and 3rd to obtain help with the passage of a business deal. uTo ban bribery, ICC favors a code of conduct. However, the ICC members are of different opinions. The headache is still there to stay in business. What is the text mainly about?BackHow is the text organized?The whole passage is organized in problem-analysis-solution pattern. It is broadly put into three parts: • part1 (paras 1-4): bribery has become a common occurrence in many countries, • part2 (paras 5-8): three main categories of bribery, • par3 (paras 9-11): the efforts to ban bribery and the result. Back下一页下一页在增长中在增长中1. on the increase (L. 3)在中国，拥有私车的人数在中国，拥有私车的人数不断增长。

不断增长The number of people who own private cars is on the increase in China.下一页下一页上一页上一页II. Focus Study明确向某人表示；明确告知某人明确向某人表示；明确告知某人2. to make it clear to sb. that… (L. 6)信息技术对社会的巨大影响表明我们正生活信息技术对社会的巨大影响表明我们正生活在信息时代在信息时代The immense influence of IT on our society makes it clear that we are living in the Information Age. 下一页下一页上一页上一页3. put: vt. express or state sth in a particular way----简单地说，我们接受他们破产的提议简单地说，我们接受他们破产的提议他太相信别人，换句话说，他毫无商业头脑他太相信别人，换句话说，他毫无商业头脑To put it simply, we accept their offer to go bankrupt.--He was too trusting / credulous, or, to put it in another way, he had no head for business.下一页下一页上一页上一页下一页下一页上一页上一页4. stand by (L8)We We should should not not stand stand by by when when our our friends are in trouble.friends are in trouble.朋友有难的时候，我们不应该袖手袖手旁观旁观。

to not do anything to help someone or prevent something from happening 下一页下一页上一页上一页4. stand by (L8)虽然别人怀疑，她仍然信守信守她所说的每一句话She She still still stands stands by by every every word word she she said though others doubt it.said though others doubt it. to keep a promise, agreement etc, or to say that something is still true 下一页下一页上一页上一页4. stand by (L8)I I owe owe so so much much to to my my family family for for standing by me through all this.standing by me through all this.to support sb. or be friends with them, even in difficult situations我非常感激我的家人，他们支持支持我经历了所有这一切。

下一页下一页上一页上一页5. numbered bank accountA bank account which is opened by using a number instead of a name in order to keep the name of the depositor secret.匿名账户下一页下一页上一页上一页6. under investigation (L34) in the process of being investigatedunderunderthreat threat pressurepressureattackattacksuspicionsuspicion受到威胁受到威胁压力之下压力之下受到攻击受到攻击遭到怀疑遭到怀疑下一页下一页上一页上一页7. hit upon to think of an idea unexpectedly 她突然为自己的新小说想出了这她突然为自己的新小说想出了这个绝好的名字个绝好的名字我们终于找到了解决方法我们终于找到了解决方法We finally hit upon a solution.She hit upon the perfect title for her new novel.BackN H C E典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示逆逆译译练练习习通常情况下，科学家通常情况下，科学家通常情况下，科学家通常情况下，科学家们许多偶然的发现，们许多偶然的发现，们许多偶然的发现，们许多偶然的发现，实际上是其多年努力实际上是其多年努力实际上是其多年努力实际上是其多年努力的必然结果。

的必然结果的必然结果的必然结果generally speaking / in effect / a natural result of sth. / one’s many years of effortsGenerally speaking, many discoveries scientists hit upon are, in effect, a natural result of their many years of efforts.下一页下一页上一页上一页在这种情况下保持沉默就等于是在这种情况下保持沉默就等于是支持发言者支持发言者 Keeping silent in this case amounts to supporting the speaker.8. amount to to be equal in quantity or in meaning 上一页上一页9. square … with to make two ideas, facts agree with each other; to agree or to be consistent with another idea, factHis statement doesn’t square with the facts. e.g.KeyTranslation They have tried to persuade me to join them, but I can’t square it with my conscience.他们极力劝说我和他们一起干，但是我没办法违背自己的良心。

SummarySummaryEnglish Equivalents of ChineseEnglish Equivalents of ChineseCreative Application of Typical ExpressionsCreative Application of Typical ExpressionsCreative Application of Typical ExpressionsFurther Application of Typical PatternsFurther Application of Typical PatternsFurther Application of Typical PatternsN H C E预习预习预习预习课文课文课文课文导入导入导入导入写作写作写作写作46SummaryText Study—Summary Bribery in various forms is on the _________ in many countries, and even a way of life for centuries. If an official clearly tells that if you offer him a _________ bribe, you’ll easily get an import license and avoid “procedure delays”, do you ________ or ________ your principles? Bribery and other questionable payments indeed have become a fact of __________ life. We divide these payments into ______ broad categories. The first category consists of substanti al payments made f or ______ purposes or to secure major_________. The second category covers payments made to obtain quicker official _________ commercialthreepay upstand bysubstantialincreasepoliticalcontractsapproval46 of some project, to ________ the wheel of government. The third category involves payments made into countries where it is traditional to pay people to help with the ________ of a business deal. But how to prohibit bribery in all its forms? ICC favors a code of conduct that would ban the ______ and ______ of bribes. Unfortunately, opinions differ among the members of ICC concerning how to _______ t he code. A ny w ay , t oday ’ s businessman will frequently meet situations w h er e i t i s d i f f i c u l t t o _ _ _ _ _ _ _ his business interests ______ his moral conscience. givingseekingText Study—Summaryspeed uppassageenforcesquarewith46pay moneysecretlymake sth. move quicklydoubtfulcan’t get out ofcarry out be made up of•pay up•in private•speed up•questionable•be caught in•enforce•consist ofOld to NewWords and Expressions—Old to New 46Chinese to English 帐户帐户否认指控否认指控撤销撤销某种形式某种形式赞同，支持赞同，支持一大笔钱一大笔钱•bank account•reject charges•withdraw•one kind or another•in support of / favor•a large sum of moneyWords and Expressions—C to E 46资助资助完成交易完成交易禁止禁止区分区分贪赃枉法贪赃枉法•finance•close a deal•ban •distinguish between… and… •on the takeWords and Expressions—C to E N H C EBack有高尚的道德标准有高尚的道德标准 为方便讨论起见为方便讨论起见 资助某人做某事资助某人做某事 向某人捐款／向某人捐款／ 汇款汇款 暗暗 中中 将将 某某 物物 塞塞 入入······ 属于此类属于此类 设计一套法规设计一套法规 防止各种类型的贿赂防止各种类型的贿赂 行贿受贿行贿受贿 使举止得体使举止得体 汉英互译汉英互译 短语活用短语活用 句式应用句式应用 随随 笔笔 to have high moral standards for discussion purposes to finance sb.’s efforts to do sth. to make donations / payments to sb. to slip sth. into / within … to be included on this list to devise a code of rules to prohibit bribery in all its forms the giving and seeking of bribes to behave oneself English Equivalents of Chinese预习预习预习预习课文课文课文课文导入导入导入导入写作写作写作写作N H C E在增长在增长: 私下里，秘密地私下里，秘密地: 抛弃；驱除抛弃；驱除: 忽然想出（主意等）忽然想出（主意等）: : (使使) ······与与······一一致致(相符相符): 汉英互译汉英互译 短语活用短语活用 句式应用句式应用 随随 笔笔 Back预习预习预习预习课文课文课文课文导入导入导入导入写作写作写作写作Creative Application of Typical Expressionson the increasein privateto throw out to hit upon / on to square … with …原句原句: : An interesting example of this kind of payment is provided by the story of a sales manager who had been trying for some months to sell road machinery to the Minister of Works of a Caribbean country. (L. 44)Sentence patterns 下一页下一页上一页上一页有个故事是说明有个故事是说明这类支出这类支出的有趣例子的有趣例子：：有个有个销售经理几个月来一直试图向加勒比地区一销售经理几个月来一直试图向加勒比地区一个国家的建工部长推销道路工程机械。

个国家的建工部长推销道路工程机械Back An interesting / striking / typical example of… is provided by the story of sb. who… 有个故事是说明有个故事是说明 ······ 的有趣／的有趣／突出／典型的例子：某人突出／典型的例子：某人 ······句型提炼句型提炼下一页下一页上一页上一页BackN H C E活活 用用 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示Back有个故事是说明勤奋刻有个故事是说明勤奋刻有个故事是说明勤奋刻有个故事是说明勤奋刻苦的典型例子：我们的苦的典型例子：我们的苦的典型例子：我们的苦的典型例子：我们的先人为了学习时不打瞌先人为了学习时不打瞌先人为了学习时不打瞌先人为了学习时不打瞌睡头悬梁、锥刺骨睡头悬梁、锥刺骨睡头悬梁、锥刺骨睡头悬梁、锥刺骨 one’s forefather / keep oneself awake in study / tie one’s hair on the house beam / prick one’s thigh with an awlA typical example of diligence is provided by the story of our forefathers who tied their hair on the house beam and pricked their thighs with awls to keep themselves awake in study. BackN H C E典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示有个故事是说明伟大母爱的典型有个故事是说明伟大母爱的典型有个故事是说明伟大母爱的典型有个故事是说明伟大母爱的典型例子：搜救人员发现一位母亲在例子：搜救人员发现一位母亲在例子：搜救人员发现一位母亲在例子：搜救人员发现一位母亲在汶川地震中已经死亡，但仍然用汶川地震中已经死亡，但仍然用汶川地震中已经死亡，但仍然用汶川地震中已经死亡，但仍然用双臂支撑着身体，从而使她身下双臂支撑着身体，从而使她身下双臂支撑着身体，从而使她身下双臂支撑着身体，从而使她身下4 4 4 4个月大的孩子安然无恙。

个月大的孩子安然无恙个月大的孩子安然无恙个月大的孩子安然无恙 the great maternal love / prop oneself up with sth. / keep sb. safe and soundA typical example of the great maternal love is provided by the story of a mother in the Wenchuan earthquake who, when rescuers found her, was dead but still propped herself up with both her arms so as to keep her four-month-old child safe and sound under her.Back应用应用：：追求知识与寻觅爱情不可兼容追求知识与寻觅爱情不可兼容有个故事是说明这一观点的突出例子：有个故事是说明这一观点的突出例子：我从前的同桌曾被认为是班里最优秀我从前的同桌曾被认为是班里最优秀的学生，却早在初中时就将其希望之的学生，却早在初中时就将其希望之舟驶入了一个女孩的爱情港湾。

现在舟驶入了一个女孩的爱情港湾现在他正陷入深深的懊悔之中他正陷入深深的懊悔之中上一页上一页下一页下一页Back上一页上一页Knowledge seeking and romance hunting can not go hand in hand. A striking example of the view is provided by the story of my former desk-mate who, once thought of as the most excellent student in my class, began to steer his boat of promise into the harbor of a girl’s love as early as when he was still in the junior middle school. Now he is drowning himself in deep-felt regret.下一页下一页Back新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语贿赂与商业道德贿赂与商业道德Para. 1 商科学生有时对课程里包含商商科学生有时对课程里包含商业道德课略感吃惊。

他们通常没意识到业道德课略感吃惊他们通常没意识到在很多国家，形形色色的贿赂行为正日在很多国家，形形色色的贿赂行为正日益增多在某些国家，这已成为人们几益增多在某些国家，这已成为人们几百年来的一种生活方式百年来的一种生活方式新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语Para. 2 假定在一场与政府官员的谈判假定在一场与政府官员的谈判中，贸易部长向你明确表示如能给他一中，贸易部长向你明确表示如能给他一大笔贿赂，那么你的商品拿到进口许可大笔贿赂，那么你的商品拿到进口许可证就会容易得多，还可能避免他所说的证就会容易得多，还可能避免他所说的“程序上的延误程序上的延误”现在的问题是：你现在的问题是：你是被迫掏钱呢，还是坚持原则是被迫掏钱呢，还是坚持原则? ?新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语Para. 3a 高尚的道德标准说起来容易，高尚的道德标准说起来容易，但实际上人们在这种情况下究竟会怎但实际上人们在这种情况下究竟会怎么做呢么做呢? ?早些时候，一家英国汽车制早些时候，一家英国汽车制造商被指控利用一笔基金行贿，并进造商被指控利用一笔基金行贿，并进行其他一些可疑运作，如给代理商和行其他一些可疑运作，如给代理商和客户高额回扣、提供额外折扣、向一客户高额回扣、提供额外折扣、向一些在瑞士银行开的匿名账户汇款等。

些在瑞士银行开的匿名账户汇款等 新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语Para. 3b 这家汽车公司否认了这些指控这家汽车公司否认了这些指控，后来指控也被撤销了然而，当时，后来指控也被撤销了然而，当时英国汽车业里就有人准备私下里说：英国汽车业里就有人准备私下里说：“瞧，我们这一行竞争激烈，每年我瞧，我们这一行竞争激烈，每年我们汽车的海外销售额超过们汽车的海外销售额超过1010亿英镑如果花几百万英镑能让一些客户高兴，如果花几百万英镑能让一些客户高兴，谁会有损失呢谁会有损失呢? ?我们不这样干，别人也我们不这样干，别人也会这样干的会这样干的新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语Para. 4a 很容易产生这样的印象：贿赂很容易产生这样的印象：贿赂以及其他可疑开支正日渐增多的确，以及其他可疑开支正日渐增多的确，这似乎已成为商界的一个事实仅举一这似乎已成为商界的一个事实仅举一例：美国第三大汽车制造企业克莱斯勒例：美国第三大汽车制造企业克莱斯勒汽车公司透露，它在汽车公司透露，它在19711971至至19761976年间共年间共发生了发生了250250万美元的可疑开支。

万美元的可疑开支 新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语Para. 4b 这一事实的披露，使克莱斯这一事实的披露，使克莱斯勒与其他勒与其他300300多家美国公司一样，向多家美国公司一样，向美国证券交易委员会承认自己近年曾美国证券交易委员会承认自己近年曾有过某种形式的支出，像贿赂、额外有过某种形式的支出，像贿赂、额外打折等为方便讨论起见，我们可将打折等为方便讨论起见，我们可将这些支出分为三大类这些支出分为三大类新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语Para. 5 第一大类是那些为政治目的或第一大类是那些为政治目的或为获得大宗合同所付出的大笔款项为获得大宗合同所付出的大笔款项比如，有一家美国企业曾因可能违反比如，有一家美国企业曾因可能违反美国商业法规而受调查，当时它捐出美国商业法规而受调查，当时它捐出一大笔款项支持一位总统候选人后一大笔款项支持一位总统候选人后来发现，这家公司也打算资助美国推来发现，这家公司也打算资助美国推翻智利政府的秘密行动翻智利政府的秘密行动。

新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语Para. 6a 这一大类也包括为得到这一大类也包括为得到武器销售或重大的石油、建筑等武器销售或重大的石油、建筑等项目的合同而向权势家族及其身项目的合同而向权势家族及其身边的顾问所付出的大笔款项边的顾问所付出的大笔款项 新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语Para. 6b 在一桩涉及对伊朗武器销售在一桩涉及对伊朗武器销售的案子中，一位证人声称一家英国公的案子中，一位证人声称一家英国公司曾付给某司曾付给某“洽谈人洽谈人”100100万英镑此人帮忙做成了一笔向伊朗提供坦克此人帮忙做成了一笔向伊朗提供坦克和其他军事装备的交易据闻其他国和其他军事装备的交易据闻其他国家也是如此，向外国公司施压，要他家也是如此，向外国公司施压，要他们向党派组织的账户捐款们向党派组织的账户捐款新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语Para. 7a 第二大类包括旨在促使政府第二大类包括旨在促使政府加快对某些工程项目的正式批准而作加快对某些工程项目的正式批准而作的支出。

关于这一点有个有趣的例子：的支出关于这一点有个有趣的例子：有个销售经理几个月来一直试图向加有个销售经理几个月来一直试图向加勒比地区一个国家的建工部长推销道勒比地区一个国家的建工部长推销道路工程机械后来，他想到了办法路工程机械后来，他想到了办法 新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语Para. 7b 了解到建工部长收藏珍本书，了解到建工部长收藏珍本书，他买了一本书的珍藏版，在书里夹了两他买了一本书的珍藏版，在书里夹了两万美元，将其送给部长部长看了书的万美元，将其送给部长部长看了书的内容后说：内容后说：“我知道这书有两卷本的我知道这书有两卷本的机敏的销售经理答道：机敏的销售经理答道：“先生，我们先生，我们公司买不起两卷本，不过可以给你弄一公司买不起两卷本，不过可以给你弄一本带本带‘前言前言’的的! ! ”不久，这笔生意获不久，这笔生意获准了新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语Para. 8 第三大类指某些国家按照第三大类指某些国家按照传统做法付给在交易中起作用的传统做法付给在交易中起作用的人的费用。

中东的一些国家和某人的费用中东的一些国家和某些亚洲国家的做法都属此类些亚洲国家的做法都属此类新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语Para. 9 是否有可能制订一套公司法是否有可能制订一套公司法规，防止各种类型的贿赂呢？国际商规，防止各种类型的贿赂呢？国际商会（会（ICCICC））赞成用一套行为准则来制赞成用一套行为准则来制止行贿索贿这一准则试图区分哪些止行贿索贿这一准则试图区分哪些是真正为服务所付的佣金，哪些是等是真正为服务所付的佣金，哪些是等同于贿赂的过高费用已经成立了一同于贿赂的过高费用已经成立了一个委员会来实际操作这一准则个委员会来实际操作这一准则新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语Para. 10 可惜的是，国际商会委员们可惜的是，国际商会委员们就如何实施这一法规的意见不一英就如何实施这一法规的意见不一英国委员们希望这一体系有充分的法律国委员们希望这一体系有充分的法律效力以使公司规范行事而法国代表效力以使公司规范行事而法国代表认为制定和实施法律是政府的事。

像认为制定和实施法律是政府的事像国际商会这样的商业团体该做的是表国际商会这样的商业团体该做的是表明孰对孰错，而非强制实行什么明孰对孰错，而非强制实行什么新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野 大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语大学英语Para. 11 在一家知名英国报纸上，最在一家知名英国报纸上，最近有位作者指出近有位作者指出“企业已陷入贿赂网企业已陷入贿赂网”，人人都，人人都“贪赃枉法贪赃枉法”这一说法这一说法可能有些夸张然而，如今做海外销可能有些夸张然而，如今做海外销售的商人们常常难以做到既确保自己售的商人们常常难以做到既确保自己的商业利益，又无愧于道德良心的商业利益，又无愧于道德良心。