井喷预测及智能控制研究报告.docx

井喷预测及智能控制研究报告I目录一、项目背景 .......................................................................................................................- 1 -1.1 立项缘由及依据 ........................................................................................................- 1 -1.2 国内外研究现状 ........................................................................................................- 2 -1.3 研究目标及内容 ........................................................................................................- 4 -1.4 项目研究方案及技术路线 ........................................................................................- 5 -1.5 项目研究意义与创新 ................................................................................................- 6 -二、井喷预测与控制 ...........................................................................................................- 9 -2.1 井喷原理 ....................................................................................................................- 9 -2.1.1 U 型管井喷机理解释模型 ...................................................................................- 9 -2.1.2 井下油气藏储集层压力特点 ...........................................................................- 10 -2.1.3 油气井井底压力系统的相互关系 ...................................................................- 10 -2.1.4 溢流的产生和流体的运移 ...............................................................................- 16 -2.1.5 诱发井喷的因素 ...............................................................................................- 18 -2.2 井喷预测机理 ..........................................................................................................- 19 -2.2.1 溢流与井喷 .......................................................................................................- 19 -2.2.2 溢流原因分析 ...................................................................................................- 19 -2.2.3 井喷预兆 ...........................................................................................................- 20 -2.2.4 溢流的检测和预报 ...........................................................................................- 21 -2.2.5 相关参量变化规律分析 ...................................................................................- 22 -2.3 井喷控制技术原理 ..................................................................................................- 23 -2.3.1 关井措施 ...........................................................................................................- 23 -2.3.2 常规压井井控技术 ...........................................................................................- 23 -2.3.3 非常规压井井控技术 .......................................................................................- 24 -2.3.4 节流压井管汇控制技术 ...................................................................................- 25 -三、井喷预测及智能控制决策系统 .................................................................................- 29 -3.1 决策系统总体设计 ..................................................................................................- 29 -3.2 专家控制系统 ..........................................................................................................- 30 -3.2.1 系统结构 ...........................................................................................................- 30 -井喷预测及智能控制研究报告II3.2.2 知识库设计 .......................................................................................................- 32 -3.2.3 知识表示与推理 ................................................................................................- 33 -3.3 专家控制器 ..............................................................................................................- 35 -3.3.1 专家控制器分类及特点 ...................................................................................- 35 -3.3.2 专家 PID 控制 ...................................................................................................- 37 -3.3.3 PID 专家控制器系统 ..........................................................................................- 40 -3.4 决策系统数学模型 ..................................................................................................- 42 -3.4.1 井喷预测数学模型 ............................................................................................- 42 -3.4.2 井喷控制数学模型 ...........................................................................................- 42 -3.5 模型仿真与分析 ......................................................................................................- 45 -3.6 决策系统工作模型 ..................................................................................................- 47 -四、硬件系统设计 .............................................................................................................- 49 -4.1 总体方案 ..................................................................................................................- 49 -4.2 节流控制箱的改造 ..................................................................................................- 49 -4.3 防喷器控制台的改造 .....................................................................。