苏教版小学时态语法.doc

现在进行时 一．意义——当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事二．:be (am, is ,are )+动词现在分词-ing形式 肯定句：主语 + be + 现在分词V-ing (+ 其他) eg: The children are playing in the park . 否定句：主语+be+not+动词-ing +其他. eg:The children are not playing in the park. 一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词-ing +其他? eg:Are the children playing in the park? Yes, they are. /No , they are not. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词-ing+其他? eg:What are they doing now?三. 现在分词的构成： (1)一般在动词末尾直接加ing,如：play→playing sleep→sleeping look→looking throw→throwing bark→barking listen→listening climb→climbing cry→crying call→calling wash→washing eat→eating brush→brushing drink→drinking comb→combing clean→cleaning go→going do→doing rain→raining talk→talking grow→growing open→opening sing→singing eat→eating walk→walking (2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加ing， 如：bite→biting write → writing have → having dance→dancing 　 (3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing, 如： sitting running swimming shopping 四.时间标志——now，句前的look ,listen  现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play________ run__________ swim ________eat__________ go_________write________ sit___________ read________ have_________ wash sleep ________ look_________ throw________ bark________ listen_________climb________ bite_______ cry_________ clean call_________sit ________ shop_________ brush drink comb 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The children __________________ ( play)in the park now.2. Lingling_______________ ( sit)on a swing now .3. My mother _________________ ( sit )on a bench now.4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?5. Look . He _______________( sleep).6.The dog ____________(look) at the children now.7.Look! Mingming ________________(throw )stones at the dog .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(drink ) water.9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now.10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________________________4．Tom is listening . (改为否定句) _________________________________________________________________ 一般现在时一．意义 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。

如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的　　 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床　　 3.表示客观现实如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转　　二. 构成及变化 1.be动词的变化　肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩　否定句：主语+ be + not +其它如：He is not a worker.他不是工人　一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.　特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句如：Where is my bike? 2. 行为动词的变化 ①当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do　肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)如：　We often play basketball after school.　否定句：主语+ don't+动词原形(+其它) 如：we don’t play basketball after school.　一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+其它?　如： Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we don't.　特殊疑问句：疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句?　如： What do you often do after school ?②当主语为第三人称单数时 ,助动词为does　肯定句：主语+动词三单式(+其它)。

如： He swims well.　否定句：主语+ doesn’t+动词原形(+其它)如：He doesn’t swim well..　一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+其它　如：Does he swim well ? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.　特殊疑问句：疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句?　如： How does your father go to work?三. 第三人称单数的动词变化规则(只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中，动词才用三单式)　(1)多数动词直接加s: 如：run→runs get→gets like→likes make→makes leave→leaves wave→waves eat→eats clean→cleans start→starts take→takes play→plays climb→climbs tell→tells say→says look→looks pick→picks turn→turns　(2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母,结尾加es :watch→watches go→goes do→does wash→washes brush→brushes　(3)动词末尾y前为辅音:将y改为i加es: study→studies fly→flies carry→carries cry→cries　但在y前如果为元音则直接加s:buys says (4)不规则变化have→has 四.时间标志：always , usually , often , sometimes ,every… 一般现在时专项练习：一、 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.10. There ________(be) some water in the bott。