口腔专业英语.doc

UNIT-1dental plaque 牙菌斑S.sanguis 血链球菌S.mitis 轻链球菌S.mutans 变形链球菌aerobic 好氧的，氧气的；依托氧气的anaerobic 没有空气而能生活得，厌氧的1. In contrast to mucosal surface,the surface of teeth are not constantly renewed by shedding of colonized epithelial cells.较之粘膜，牙面不能稳定地通过上皮脱落而更新2. Selective manner in which bacteria attach to the tooth surface is thought to reflect the fact that bacteria on their surface contain a recognition system which enables components on the bacteria surface (adhesions) to blind to complementary molecules (receptors) in the pellicle.细菌附着与牙面的选择性方式反映了这一事实，即细菌表面具有辨认系统，该系统能使细菌表面的附着器与获得性膜中的互补手提分子结合。

UNIT-2ecology 生态学；个体生态学ecosystem 生态系统（学）mutanism 突变的S.sanguis 血链球菌S.mutans 变形链球菌1. Colonization is a complex process, as it involves not only interaction between bacteria and their environment but aslo bacterial interactions.定植是一种复杂的过程，它不仅涉及细菌和环境间的互相作用，也涉及细菌之间的互相作用2. Tooth eruption has a major impact on the composition of oral flora.This is to be expected, as teeth provide new types of surfaces and new microenvironments.牙齿的萌出对口腔菌群构成有重要影响这是由于牙齿提供了某些新型的表面和新的微环境 UNIT-3saliva 唾液parotid 耳旁的；腮腺的lingual 舌的，语言的，舌侧的buccal 颊的，颊侧的labial 唇的，唇侧的palatine 腭的edentulous 无牙sulculus 小沟mastication 咀嚼chew 嚼，咀嚼temporomandibular joint (TMJ) 颞下颌关节streptococci 链球菌fungus (复fungi) 真菌，霉菌1. The salivary amylase activity of differenr individuals varies but a weak action is compensated for by the strong action of pancreatic amylase in the duodenum.不同个体间唾液淀粉酶的活性不同，但是较弱的活性可由十二指肠中强活性的胰淀粉酶补偿。

UNIT-4enamel 釉质dentinal tubules 牙骨质小管amelocemental junction 釉牙骨质界dentine 牙本质cementum 牙骨质odontoblast 成牙本质细胞alveolar bone 牙槽骨alveolar crest 牙槽嵴junctional epithelium 结合上皮1. The tooth bud undergoes peripheral proliferartion into the mesenchyme, leaving a central mensenchyme-filled depression, to form the tooth cap which consistants of the same components as the tooth bud.牙蕾的周边区上皮向外胚间充质中生长，基底部凹陷，状如帽子，凹陷内布满外胚间充质细胞，帽状期上皮与蕾状期相似2. Dentine consists of mineralized tissue (chiefly hydroxyapatite) in which microscopic tubules are found extending from the pulp to very close to, or even through, the amelodentinal junction.牙本质由矿化组织（以羟基磷灰石为主）构成，镜下见有小管自牙髓贯穿全层达到或穿过釉牙本质界。

UNIT-5dentine permeability 牙本质渗入性remineralization再矿化groove窝沟slot (固定)沟undercut retention 倒凹固位cariogenic 致龋的1. Fissure sealants, sa an effective way to prevent fissure caries, are supported by many controlled clinical studies and should be used as a preventive measure in patients with moderate or high caries risk.许多临床对照研究证明窝沟封闭剂是一种有效的避免沟裂龋的措施，并作为避免性措施应用中度或者高度龋易感性的患者UNIT-6percuss 叩诊，敲palpate 触诊lamina dura 硬板attrition 磨损abrasion 磨耗metamorphosis 变形pulpitis 牙髓炎microleakage 微渗漏pulp polyp 牙髓息肉matiscation 咀嚼fistula 瘘管abscess 脓肿osteosclerosis 骨硬化1. Rather,its purposes are to suggest in the broadest possible interpretation whether pulp os either healthy or unhealty and to help the clinical determine whether it should be removed, based on clinical experience.更确切地说，提出临床分类的目的是尽量地解释牙髓与否健康，同步基于临床经验，以协助医生决定牙髓与否需要摘除。

2. For this reason only complete cleansing, shaping, and obturation of the root canal will eliminiate the source of the periapical disease and create a microenviroment in which these periapical lesion can remineralize.因此，只有彻底冲洗，预备和充填根管，才会杜绝根尖周疾病的来源，并发明一种能增进根尖周病损再矿化的微环境UNIT7obturate 闭塞amalgam 汞合金gutta-percha 牙胶stopping 充填剂bleach 漂白rosin 松香irritant 刺激的However , it is only through a cognizant “problem-solving” approach to root canal treatment ,that quality assurance can be continually demonstrated in the obturation of the root canal system.但是，只有通过认知性的，以解决问题为中心的根管治疗措施才干自始自终地保证根管填充的质量。

UNIT 8pulpotomy 牙髓切断术maxillary 上颌骨mandibular下颌骨radiolucent 射线透射的pulpectomy 牙髓摘除术dental floss 牙线periodontium 牙周组织hypodontia 牙发育不全dysplasia 发育异常(1)The specificity of induction reflects the particular combinations of signaling molecules their cognate cell surface receptors , various intracellular signal pathways , and a large number of transcriptional factors that regulate gene expression.诱导的特异性表目前信号分子、同源性细胞表面受体、多种细胞内信号途径及其调控基因体现的大量转录因子的特殊联合伙用上2)In addition to changes in pulp size and shape with aging ,external stimuli also exert an effect . Caries , attrition , abrasion , erosion , impact trauma , and clinical procedure are some of the major irrritants that may cause formation of irritation dentin.牙髓的体积与形状除了随年龄变化之外，外界的刺激也对它产生影响。

龋病，磨损，磨耗，腐蚀，创伤及临床操作是导致刺激性牙本质形成的重要因素UNIT 9endodontic 牙髓学percussion 叩诊palpation 触诊probing 探诊pathosis 病态manifestation 临床体现medical history 病历，病史vital sign 生命体征chief complain 主诉pulp capping 盖髓metamorphosis 变态，变形，变质radiograph X射线照片cement 粘固粉recurrent caries 继发龋full-crown restoration 全冠修复orthodontic 牙科正畸的，正畸学temporomandibular joint 颞下颌关节occlusal 咬合的 sinus tract 窦道deciduous teeth 乳牙pulpless tooth 无髓牙premonition 预告，预感 (1)A complete medical history sho。