
2024年初中英语语法八大时态.docx
10页2024年初中英语语法八大时态 初中英语有八大时态,同时也是我们最常用最常遇到的时态,下面是我给大家带来的初中英语语法八大时态解析,希望能够帮助到大家! 初中英语语法八大时态 一.一般现在时 1. 结构 确定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句式: 主语+(助动词) don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not 例句:He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2.用法 1)表示常常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态,常与表示频度的副词连用 常用的频度副词有: always、often、 usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前,系动词、助动词之后。
例如: He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2)表示主语具备的性格、特征和实力等 例如:All my family love football . My sister is always ready to help others . Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象 例如:The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4)表示按安排或支配好的,或将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来 但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等 例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. He comes back tonight. 5)在复合句中,当主句是一般将来时,时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。
例如: I'll tell him the news when he comes back. If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 二.一般过去时态 1. 结构 确定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句式: 主语+(助动词)didn’t +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Did+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+did (否)No,主语+did not 基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句 Be动词 was/were+not was/were提前,放于句首 行为动词 didn’t+do(动词原形) Did+主语+do(动词原形) 2.用法 1)表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间里所发生的动作或状况常和表示过去的时间状语yesterday, just now, the other day, in 1982, ago, an hour ago, long long ago, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), at the age of 5, one day, once upon a time等连用 例如:Where did you go just now? After a few years, she started to play the piano. 2)表示在过去,常常或反复发生的动作。
常与often,always等表示频度的副词连用 例如:When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候,常在公路上踢足球 3)一般过去式也可与today,this week,this month,this year等表现在的时间状语连用,但这些时间状语须指过去的时间,决不包含“现在”“此时此刻”的意思 例如:Did you see him today?今日你望见他了吗? 三.一般将来时 1. 结构 结构1: 确定句式:主语+助动词will+动词原形+其他 否定句式:主语+助动词will+动词原形+not+其他 一般疑问句式:助动词Will+主语+动词原形+其他 简洁回答:在口语中,will在名词或代词后常缩为’ll,wii not常简缩为won’t 在疑问句中,主语为第一人称时(I和we)时,常用助动词shall 例如:She’ll go to play basketball. Shall we go to the zoo? 结构2: 确定句式:主语+be going to +动词原形+其他 否定句式:主语+be not going to +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式:Be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他 简略回答:(肯)Yes,主语+be (否)No,主语+be not 2.用法 1)表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与tomorrow, next day(week, month, year), soon, in a few minutes, by, the day after tomorrow等连用。
例如:I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning. 2)、表示说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推想,通常用于be afraid, be/feel sure, hope, know, think等后面的从句或与副词perhaps,possibly,maybe等连用 例如:I think she’ll go back home for supper. Maybe she’ll go to the gym. 将来时其他表示法 1)be going to表示将来 表示说话人的准备、安排、支配或依据迹象推断必定或很可能发生的事情 例如:What are you going to do tomorrow? The play is going to be produced next month 留意:be going to 和will之间的区分 l 在时间上:be going to通常表示立刻要发生或相当快就要发生的事情;而will不指明任何详细时间,可以指遥远的将来。
He is going to be better. He will be better. l 安排/临时:两者都表示意图时,be going to含有预先安排、打算的意思;will则指未经过预先思索或安排,是临时的一种确定 What are you going to do next Sunday? I'm going to go fishing. Where is the telephone book? I'll go and get it for you. l 两者都用于预料时,be going to意指有迹象表明某件事将要发生,属客观的推想;will则意指说话人认为/信任某件事将要发生,属主观的推想 l 在条件状语从句中,be going to表将来,will表意愿 例如:If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible. Miss Gao will tell you the answer if you ask her. 2)“be to+动词原形”表示客观支配或受人指示而将要做某事。
例如:We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 3)be about to +动词原形,意为立刻做某事不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用,多于when引导的时间状语连用 例如:He is about to leave for Beijing. 四.现在进行时 1. 结构: am/is/are+动词的现在分词 2. 用法: 1)表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生或进行的动作常与now, right now, at this moment, at this time, these days等时间状语连用注:假如句首有警示性动词look、listen等,主句的动词也与现在进行时连用 例如:We are waiting for you now. Listen! The bird is singing in the tree. 2).表示现阶段(说话前后一段时间内),始终在进行的活动。
说话时动作未必正在进行 例如:Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态) He is thinking about this problem.这些天来他始终在考虑这个问题 3).表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,常与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,。
