研究发现艾滋药物能够提高非洲人的平均寿命.doc

原文Study Says AIDS Drugs Can Raise Life Expectancy in AfricaScientists say a study in Africa shows that AIDS drugs can increase life expectancy in patients to nearly normal levels.One of the authors was Dr. Jean Nachega of South Africas Stellenbosch University and the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore, Maryland.JEAN NACHEGA: The overall key finding of our study is that the patient in Africa receiving antiretroviral therapy for HIV can expect to live a near-normal lifespan：The study was released in Rome this week at a conference of the International AIDS Society. The findings appear in the Annals of Internal Medicine.Over the last thirty years, the HIV/AIDS epidemic cut fifteen to twenty years or more from life expectancy rates in Africa. Dr. Nachega says in many countries these rates had risen sharply.JEAN NACHEGA: "All what weve been able to gain in the past with the access to clean water, expanded immunization programs were totally reversed with the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Africa. So now we are seeing some good news that investing in antiretroviral programs, those investments are now paying off：he study took place in Uganda. There, life expectancy at birth is an average of about fifty-five years.The study involved twenty-two thousand patients being treated for HIV. The results were promising but were different for men and women.At age twenty, life expectancy for men was another nineteen years. Women could expect to live thirty more years. At age thirty-five, men could expect to live to fifty-seven. Women could expect to live to sixty-seven.Dr. Nachega says men generally start treatment later than women. By then the disease is less treatable.JEAN NACHEGA: "Men spend more time looking for a job and spending more time away from their family to try to find a way to survive, I think may be one of the [reasons]. The second reason is obviously the issue about stigma, which is still quite affecting a majority of people in the community."Also, programs for pregnant women mean that women have more chances to get tested for HIV and to receive treatment.Dr. Nachega says health officials need to deal with this 4wgender imbalance.^ He supports the idea of considering treatment for HIV/AIDS as a form of prevention.JEAN NACHEGA: "We should no longer see treatment and prevention totally separately. Treatment, by itself, it is also part of prevention. Because by treating people, and hopefully treating them earlier, they are less likely to transmit the virus to their sexual partner.^Studies also show that giving antiretroviral drugs to uninfected people can help protect them from HIV. Two studies released last week found that taking medication daily reduced the risk of infection in heterosexuals. An earlier study showed that it reduced the risk among gay men.译文研究发现艾滋药物能够提高非洲人的平均寿命科学家在非洲的一项研究表明，艾滋药物可以将艾滋病患者的平均年龄提高到正 常水平。

其中一位作者是来自南非斯坦陵布什大学的Je“n Nachega博士，还有一位是来 自美国马里兰州巴尔的摩公共卫牛学院的Johns Hopkins Bloomberg0Jean Nachega:总的来书，我们研究的主要发现是，接受抗后病毒疗法的非洲艾滋 病患者有望活到接近正常人的平均岁数研究成果将在本周于罗马举行的国际艾滋病协会会议上发布，并在内科医学年鉴 上发表在过去的三十年里，艾滋病使非洲人的平均寿命率缩减了十五到二十Nachega 博士认为在很多国家这一比率增长的更快Jean Nachega："过去的经验告诉我们，干净的水源和扩大免疫接种范围对阻止艾 滋病在非洲的传播帮助并不大现在我们得到了一些好消息，那就是对抗后病毒 研究的投入终于有了回报这项研究的所在地在乌干达那里的出牛吋预期寿命在五十五岁左右在这项研究中，有两万两千个艾滋病患者得到了治疗总的治疗结果很好，但不 同性别之间有所差别在二十岁的时候，男性的预期寿命是再活十九年，而女性有望再活三十年在三 十五岁的时候，男性有望活到五十七岁，而女性则是六十七岁Nachega博士认为通常男性得到治疗相对女性要晚一些到那吋候，疾病已难以 得到治疗。

Jean Nachega： “男人花费更多的时间去找工作，而且他们要长时间离开家，去尝 试寻找谋牛的方式，我认为这也许是其中的一•个原因显然，第二个原因是关于 耻辱的问题，这仍然影响着社会中的大部分人的想法另外，对孕妇的体检程序意味着女性有更多的机会检测出艾滋病病毒并得到治 疗Nachega博士认为卫牛官员需要解决这种“性别不平衡”他支持这样一种观点, 即对艾滋病的治疗是一种预防的方式Jean Nachega："我们不应该再将治疗和预防完全分开来看待治疗，就其口身来 说，也是预防的一-部分因为通过治疗，希望他们早点得到治愈，那么他们向口 己伴侣传播病毒的机会就会减小研究还表明，给未受感染的人群接种抗后病毒药物能够帮助他们免受艾滋病毒的 感染上周，两项研究均表明，每H服用药物减少异性伴侣间传染的可能性一 项Z前的研究表明这同样可以降低男同性恋Z间传染的危险。