
高中写作步步高(教师用).doc
14页高中写作步步高一如何写好简单句简单句 ( 1 )简单句的基本句型(1) S(主语) +V(系动词)+P( 表语)主系表结构是由 “主语+系动词+表语”组成,用以说明主语的特征,类属,状态,身份等系动词不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语连系动词有三类:(1)表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem,, appear, look, smell, taste, sound;(2)表示状态延续的 remain,stay,keep,continue,stand;(3)表示状态变化的become,get,turn,go,run,fall,come,grow.如:1. Traffic in cities is getting heavier and heavier.2. Anyone should be honest and helpful to his families, teachers and classmates.本句型中表语可以由名词,代词,形容词,副词,介词短语和分词等充当,如:1.He (主语 ) is (系动词) a boy. ( 名词作表语)2.She (主语) looks (系动词) beautiful. (形容词作表语)3.He (主语 ) is (系动词) in good health. (介词短语作表语) 4.The students (主语) became (系动词) annoyed. ( 过去分词作表语 )简单句的基本句型 (2) S(主语)+V(谓语)+(A) (状语)主谓结构是由 “主语+不及物动词 ” 构成,常用来表示主语的动作。
此句型的句子有一个共同特点,谓语动词是不及物动词,能表达完整的意思,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等谓语的修饰语叫状语,状语可以出现在句首或句末,有时无状语如:1. Great(定语)changes(主语)have taken place(谓语) in my home town(状语)in the past ten years.2.She(主语)sat(谓语)there alone, reading a novel.(形容词 alone 和分词短语作伴随状语) 3.翻译下列句子:(1)她感到很愉快(2)叶子在秋天变成红色(3)不久杰克就成了一名熟练的出租车司机(4)昨夜她笑了(5)我在这座城市已生活了十年活学活用1.请划分以下句子的成分:(1)This kind of cloth feels soft.(2)He fell in love.(3)Our well has gone dry.(4)The sun was shining brightly.(5)The moon rose high in the sky. 2.连词成句。
(1)dinner, smells, good, the(2)growing, he ,strong ,is, tall, year by year, and (3)his, face, turned, at, red, the, news.(4)talked, they, an, for, hour, half.简单句(2) 简单句的基本句型(3) S(主语)+ V(谓语)+ O(宾语)主谓宾结构是由 “主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语” 构成此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都是及物动词,都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整而宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂如:1.S+V+ n./pron .(名词或代词作宾语)Many boys like football very much.2.S+V+infinitive (不定式作宾语) The Internet helps (to) make many friends 另外,以下动词也经常跟不定式作宾语:attempt, dare, desire,expect, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise 等。
Mother promised to buy me a new computer.3.S+V+Wh word+infinitive(wh to do 作宾语)We haven,t decided where to hold the sports meet.常用于这个句型的动词有:ask, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see,settle, tell, think, understand, wonder 等4.S+V+doing(动名词作宾语)I enjoy living in the country.常用于这个句型的动词有:admit, advise, avoid, consider(考虑 ),defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, imagine, mind, miss, risk,suggest, give up, can,t help 等 活学活用 1.请划分以下句子的成分:(1)Who knows the answer?(2)She smiled her thanks.(3)He has refused to help them.(4)He enjoys reading.(5)I am considering changing my job next month.2. 翻译下列句子:(1)我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。
________________________________________(2)你们必须在两周内看完这些书 ________________________________________(3)我喜欢流行音乐 ________________________________________(4)她知道下一步做什么 ________________________________________(5)我通常晚上在家做家庭作业 ________________________________________(6)我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题简单句 (3) 英语基本句型(4).S+Vt.(及物)+ IO +DO双宾语结构由“主语+及物动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(事物) ”组成此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者但若要先说出直接宾语(事物) ,后说间接宾语(人) ,则要借助于介词 to 或 for如:He brings me cookies every day.→He brings cookies to me every day.She bought me a beautiful skirt.→She bought a beautiful skirt for me.用 to 侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人。
用 for 侧重指动作的受益者,表示为了某人,替某人常跟双宾语的动词有:(需借助 to 的)bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask 等;(需借助 for 的) buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare 等 活学活用 1.请划分以下句子的成分:(1)She ordered herself a new dress.(2)She cooked her husband a delicious meal.(3)I gave my car a wash.(4)He showed me how to run the machine.2.用上述句型翻译下列句子(1)奶奶昨晚给我讲了一个有趣的故事 _____________________________________________(2)他把车票给列车员看 _____________________________________________(3)我父亲已经给我买了一辆新自行车。
_____________________________________________(4)总裁告诉我们他的号码 _____________________________________________(5)农民正在教那个男孩怎样种树简单句(4) 英语的基本句型(5 ) S+V(及物)+ O(宾语)+C(宾补)此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整这就叫复合宾语结构宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系可以用做宾补的有:名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,动词不定式,分词等如:What he said made me very sad and disappointed .(形容词作宾补) 他的话让我既伤心又失望 Suddenly I heard my neighbour shouting and laughing loudly (现在分词作宾补) 突然我听见我的邻居大声地又喊又笑 特别提醒: 在“ 主语+动词+ it + adj./n .+(for sb.)to do sth.”这个句型中,用 it 做形式宾语,而将真正的宾语 to do sth.放到宾语补足语的后面。
feel, make, think, consider,find, suppose 等动词常用于这个句式 1. We(主语) thought(谓语)it(形式宾语)necessary(宾补)for us to master at least a foreign language(真宾语)2. They(主语) made(谓语)it(形式宾语)a rule(宾补) to learn an English song a week(真宾语) . 活学活用1.请划分以下句子的成分:(1)They appointed him manager.(2)They found the house deserted.(3)What makes him think so?(4)He asked me to come back soon.(5)We saw some children dancing in the garden2.翻译下列句子(1)我们要使学校变得更美丽 _________________________________________(2)我想要你把真相告诉我。
_________________________________________(3)每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语 _____________________________(4)我从来没看见这个字这样用过 _________________________________________(5)他感到很。












