2018-2019学年高中英语 Unit 4 Earthquakes-2课件 新人教版必修1.ppt

Unit 4　Earthquakes Learning about Language 2 2自自主主预预习习3 3合合作作探探究究4 4巩巩固固提提升升5 5课课 时时 作作 业业1 1语语法法精精讲讲语语 法法 精精 讲讲•限制性定语从句自自 主主 预预 习习•用适当的关系词填写下面文章中的句子并体会它们的共同特征•1．A huge crack ______________ was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals.•2．The number of people ____________ were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.•3．Then, later that afternoon, another big quake ______________ was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.•4．The army organized teams to dig out those _______ were trapped and to bury the dead.•5．Workers built shelters for survivors _________ homes had been destroyed.that/which　who/that　which/that　who　whose　合合 作作 探探 究究•一、定语从句的概述定语从句定义在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰限制作用的从句关系词关系代词who；whom；whose；which；that；as关系副词when；where；why可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句本单元主要学习关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose引导的限制性定语从句•护士是照顾病人的人。

•A nurse is a person who looks after patients． • ↓ ↓ ↓•先行词 关系代词　定语从句•分析下面的定语从句•①Do you know the girl who is singing on the stage?•____________ 为先行词； _______ 为关系代词，且在从句中作主语•②This is the museum which was built many years ago.•______________ 为先行词 ， _________ 为关系代词，且在从句中作 ______ the girl　who　the museum　which　主语　•二、关系代词的基本用法关系代词所指代(即先行词)在定语从句中所作的句子成分who人主语、宾语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人/物主语、宾语、表语whose人/物定语•The children who/that were injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now.•在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。

who/that引导定语从句)•The spaceship that/which finished its task has returned to the earth.•完成使命的飞船已返回地球that/which引导定语从句)•Any student whose family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government.•任何家境贫寒，上不起学的学生都可以得到政府的帮助whose引导定语从句)•(1)关系代词that可指人，也可以指物，可与关系词which/who/whom互换，但是不可直接放在介词的后面作宾语；•(2)作宾语时who与whom可互换，若紧跟在介词后面则使用whom；whom在从句中不作主语；•(3)关系代词作宾语时可省略(与介词连用时除外)；•(4)关系代词在从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词•This is the very hotel (that) I stayed at when I was travelling here.•这就是我在这儿旅行时住过的旅馆that在从句中作宾语，可以省略)•This is the very hotel at which I stayed when I was travelling here.•这就是我在这儿旅行时住过的旅馆。

which在句中作介词at的宾语，不可与that互换，也不可省略)•There was no person to whom I could turn for help in the street last night.•昨天晚上，街上没有一个我能够求助的人 (whom在句中作介词to的宾语，不能与who/that互换，也不可省略)•用适当的关系代词填空•①We'll reach the sales targets in a month ______________ we set at the beginning of the year.•②A pany _________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.•③Finally he reached a lonely island ______________ was pletely cut off from the outside world.•④Happiness and success often e to those _______ are good at recognizing their own strengths.that/which　whose　that/which　who　•三、关系代词只用that而不用which的情况•1．当先行词为all，everything，nothing，anything，little，much等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时。

•All that can be done has been done.•一切能做的都已经做了•2．当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时•This is the most beautiful park that I have visited.•这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园•3．当先行词被the only, the very，the last修饰时•Chatting was the only thing that interested her most.•聊天是她唯一感兴趣的事•4．当先行词既指人，又指物时•She took photographs of the things and people that she was interested in.•她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来•5．当主语是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为避免重复而用that•Who is the person that is standing at the gate?•站在门口的那个人是谁？•6．当先行词在定语从句中作表语时•Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.•上海已不是过去那个样子了。

•用适当的关系词填空•①Please send us all the information ________ you have about the candidate for the position.•②I am sure she has something ________ you can borrow.•③It is the most beautiful city ________ I've ever seen.•④This is the first book ________ he has read.•⑤He is the only person ________ was present at the time.•⑥Mary is no longer the girl ________ she used to be.that　that　that　that　that　that　•如何选用关系代词？•第一步：找准先行词，初步确定所用关系词•第二步：正确分析先行词与定语从句中谓语动词的关系，从而验证所选关系词的正确性如果发现先行词在从句中作状语，就应选用关系副词•第三步：验证定语从句中的主谓一致性。

关系代词作定语从句的主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致例如：•He is the only one of the students who knows English.•(先行词是the only one, 后面定语从句谓语用knows)他是唯一懂英语的学生•He is one of the students who know English.•(先行词是the students, 后面定语从句谓语用know)他是懂英语的学生之一。