雅思必背的长句.doc

雅思必背的长句100句（带分析）1. Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent is the American antelope, or pronghorn. （“主-系-表”构造，倒装句 2. Of the millions who saw Haley's comet in 1986, how many people will live long enough to see it return in the twenty-first century? （of 介词短语提前到句首，起强调作用，“常规位置”应在主谓之间，即people与will live之间3. Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions. （具有宾语从句的主从复合句，主句为目前完毕时，从句为一般目前时被动语态4. Because of its irritating effect on humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued. （简朴句，目前完毕时，被动语态，because of 介词短语作因素状语。

5. In order to remain in existence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, produce something consumers consider useful or desirable. （具有定语从句的主从复合句，定语从句的引导词that在从句中作consider的宾语，故省略，useful or desirable 是形容词作宾语补足语；in order to do sth. 是不定式短语作目的状语的强调形式；in the long run 意为“长远看来”/“最后”6. The greater the population there is in a locality, the greater the need there is for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse. （"The more..., the more... " 特殊句型，一般译为“越……，越……”；there be 句型；refuse 在此不是“回绝”的意思，而是“废物, 垃圾”。

7. It is more difficult to write simply, directly and effectively than to employ flowery but vague expressions that only obscure one's meaning. （具有比较状语从句和定语从句的复合句，than 引导的比较状语从句为避免反复省略了谓语部分"it is difficult"；此句的重点是 it 替代不定式短语作“形式主句”，因素是避免“头重脚轻”；that 引导的定语从句是一般的“主谓宾”构造，obscure作动词，被从句修饰/限定的“先行词”是expressions8. With modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors. （简朴句；典型的 "with + n. + 分词短语" 独立主格构造，作状语；attempt 规定用不定式作宾语；形容词的比较级；interiors在此是名词，意为“内部装饰”。

9. The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while slander is spoken. （具有表语从句的主从复合句，主句为“主-系-表”构造，从句是并列句；该句是表述区别的典型句式：The difference between A and B is that A ... while B .... ；between 介词短语作后置定语10. The knee is the joint where the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg. （具有定语从句的主从复合句，从句引导词是关系副词where，相称于 at which，从句是“主-谓-宾”构造，一般目前时；主句是“主-系-表”构造，一般目前时11. Acids are chemical compounds that, in water solution, have a sharp taste, a corrosive action on metals, and the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyes red. （“主-系-表”构造，名词性表语带有一种由that引导的限制性定语从句，从句是“主-谓-宾”构造，宾语是三个并列的名词a taste, an action and the ability；其中ability后跟不定式短语作定语，该短语中的red是宾语补足语。

12. Billie Holiday's reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability to give emotional depth to her songs. （“主-谓”构造的简朴句，主干是“reputation rests”，on介词短语作状语，介词宾语ability后跟不定式短语作定语13. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality. （“主-系-表”构造，名词性表语带有of介词短语作后置定语，介词宾语是一种由what引的、被动语态的名词性从句14. Long before children are able to speak or understand a language, they communicate through facial expressions and by making noises. （带有由before引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句；用一般目前时陈述客观事实；主句的干they communicate是“主-谓”构造，through和by两个介词短语作状语。

15. Thanks to modern irrigation, crops now grow abundantly in areas where once nothing but cacti and sagebrush could live. （带有where引导的定语从句的主从复合句；主句的主干crops grow是“主-谓”构造，in词短语作状语，介词宾语后跟where引导的定语从句；主句是一般目前时，从句是一般过时；thanks to介词短语作状语16. The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the search for more accurate sundials with which to regulate them. （“主-谓-宾”构造的简朴句；主干是 development spurred search；主语和宾语均带有介词短语作定语；with which to regulate them 是特殊的不定式短语，相称于定语从句 with which one could regulate them；them 指代的是 timepieces。

17. Anthropology is a science in that anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others. （具有 in that...因素状语从句和that定语从句的主从复合句；主句是“主-系-表”构造，名词作表语；定语从句是被动语态，先行词是 observations；to document observations... 是不定式短语作目的状语18. Fungi are important in the process of decay, which returns ingredients to the soil, enhances soil fertility, and decomposes animal debris. （用一般目前时陈述真理性事实；具有非限制性定语从句的主从复合句，主句是“主-系-”构造，形容词作表语，in介词短语作状语；定语从句是有三个谓语的并列句，先行词是process，of decay介词短语作process的定语。

19. When it is struck, a tuning fork produces an almost pure tone, retaining its pitch over a long period of time. （具有when时间状语从句的主从复合句；主句主干是 a fork produces a tone，显然是“主-谓-宾”构造；tuning是动名词作定语，表达用途；retaining...是目前分词短语作随着状语20. Although pecans are most plentiful in the southeastern part of the United States, they are found as far north as Ohio and Illinois. （具有although引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句；主句是被动语态；从句是“主-系-表”构造21. Eliminating problems by transferring the blame to others is often called scapegoating.  （被动语态简朴句；主语是动名词短语，其中的by介词短语作动名词eliminating的状语； to others是介词短语作动名词transferring的状语；scapegoating是动名词作主语补足语。

22. The chief foods eaten in any country depend largely on what grows best in its climate and soil. （具有宾语从句的主从复合句；depend on 意为“取决于”/“要看”；主语foods后跟过去分词短语作定语，相称于一种被动语态的定语从句，可改为that are eaten in any country...；what引导的名词性从句作介词on的宾语23. Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an event's 。