ISO14001(英文版)(共8).doc

ISO14001GB/T24001-19961 ScopeThis International Standard specifies requirement for an environmental management system, to enable an organization to formulate a policy and objective taking into account legislative requirements and information about significant environmental impacts. It applies to those environmental aspects which the organization can control and over which it can be expected to have an influence. It does not itself state specific environmental performance criteria.This International Standard is applicable to any organization that wishes to a) implement, maintain and improve an environmental management system;b) assure itself of its conformance with its stated environmental policy;c) demonstrate such conformance to others;d) seek certification/registration of its environmental management system by an external organization;e) make a self-determination and self-declaration of conformance with this International Standard.All the requirements in this International Standard are intended to be incorporated into any environmental management system. The application will depend on such factors as the environmental policy of the organization, the nature of its activities and the conditions in which it operates. This International Standard also provides, in annex A, informative guidance on the use of the specification.The scope of any application of this International Standard must be clearly identified.NOTE－For ease of use, the subclause of the specification and annex A have related numbers: thus, for example, 4.3.3 and A.3.3 both deal with environmental objectives and targets, and 4.5.4 and A.5.4 both deal with environmental management system audit. 2 Normative referencesThere are no normative references at present.3 DefinitionsFor the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply.3.1 continual improvementprocess of enhancing the environmental management system to achieve improvements in overall environmental performance in line with the organization’s environmental policy.NOTE－The process need not take place in all areas of activity simultaneously.3.2 environmentsurroundings in which an organization operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora, fauna, humans, and their interrelation.NOTE－Surroundings in this context extend from within an organization to the global system.3.3 environmental aspectelement of an organization’s activities, products or services that can interact with the environment.NOTE－A significant environmental aspect is an environmental aspect that has or can have a significant environment impact.3.4 environmental impactany change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organization’s activities, products or services.3.5 environmental management systemthe part of the overall management system that includes organizational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources for developing, implementing, achieving, reviewing and maintaining the environmental policy.3.6 environmental management system audita systematic and documented verification process of objectively obtaining and evaluating evidence to determine whether an organization’s environmental management system conforms to the environmental management system audit criteria set by the organization, and for communication of the results lf this process to management.3.7 environmental objectiveoverall environmental goal, arising from the environmental policy, that an organization sets itself to achieve, and which is quantified where practicable.3.8 environmental performancemeasurable results of the environmental management system, related to an organization’s control of its environmental aspects, based on its environmental policy, objectives and targets. 3.9 environmental policystatement by the organization of its intentions and principles in relation to its overall environmental performance which provides a framework for action and for the setting of its environmental objectives and targets.3.10 environmental targetdetailed performance requirement, quantified where practicable, applicable to the organization or parts thereof, that arises from the environmental objectives and that needs to be set and met in order to achieve those objectives.3.11 interested partyindividual or group concerned with or affected by the environmental performance of organization.3.12 organizationcompany, corporation, firm, enterprise, authority or institution, or part or combination thereof, whether incorporated or not, public or private, that has its own functions and administration.NOTE－For organizations with more than one operating unit, a single operating unit may be defined as an organization.3.13 prevention of pollutionuse of processes, practices, materials or products that a。