初二英语上册第3模块.pdf

1 初二英语上册第3 模块知识梳理：一、重点短语：1. the latest news 最新的消息 on earth 在地球上2. on business 出差 come back 回来3. get to 到达 send sth to 送某东西去某地4. hear from 收到某人的来信 hear of /about 听说 hear sb do sth 听到某人做某事hear sb doing sth 听到到某人正在做某事5. show sth to sb =show sb sth 把某物给某人show sb how to do sth 教某人如何做某事 show sb +宾语从句向某人显示 /表明 6. borrow from 从 借 lend to 把 借给 7. What are you up to ? 你在做什么？What do you think of ? = How do you like? 你觉得怎么样？8. bring sth back 带某东西带回来9. It takes/took (sb) some time to do sth 花费（某人）多长时间做某事10. The old man has just found the shortest way to the island. 11. in the last 3 years 近三年里12. grow up 长大 grow out of 产生自 grow into 长大，发展prefer sth=like sth better 更喜欢某物prefer to do sth 宁愿做某事 prefer doin 宁愿做某事prefer to 比起 更喜欢 prefer sb (not) to do sth =would rather do thando喜欢做 而不喜欢做 ；宁愿做 而不愿做某事13. try to do sth 尽力做某事，设法做某事14. ask sb to do sth 请求 /让某人做某事15. receive from 从 收到 no one 没有人16. show around 带某人四处看看17. so wonderful/ fantastic that 如此 以至于 18. It is ADJ for sb to do sth. It s hard to understand how large the universe is . 19. millions of 数以百万的 go around 四处走走，四处看看20. how often 多久一次 the last three years 近三年里21. the space station 空间站22. start to do sth 开始做 finish doing sth 做完某事二、重点句式：1What are you up to?你在干什么呢？be up to 用在非正式场合中，表示“ 正在干，从事着？What is he up to with all those books on the floor? 这么多书在地上，他在干什么呢？2.Don t panic!别紧张。

(1) panic 可以作动词，意思是“ （使）恐慌 ”Dont panic! We ve got plenty of time. 不要惊慌，我们有充足的时间 (2) panic 可以作名词，意思是“ 恐慌，惊慌，惊恐” He got into a panic when the fire started. 一着火，他就惊慌起来3 That s why it is on the news. 这就是为什么新闻中有2 That s why 意思是 “ 这就是为什么”That s why he came late yesterday. 这就是为什么他昨天迟到4However, we haven t found life on other planets yet. 然而，我们在其他行星上还没有发现生命however 是副词，一般在两句之间，其后用逗号，表示转折We have not won; however, we shall try again. 我们还没有取胜, 不过我们还要再试一下 5The earth is a planet and it goes around the Sun. Eight other planets also go around the Sun. 地球是行星，它围绕着太阳转。

还有8 颗行星也围绕着太阳转1)过去一直认为太阳系有九大行星：水星（ Mercury） ， 金星 (Venus)， 地球 (Earth)， 火星 (Mars)，木星 (Jupiter)，天王星 (Uranus)，海王星 (Neptune)，冥王星 (Pluto)2006 年，科学家一致认定太阳系有八大行星：水星，金星，地球，火星，木星，天王星，海王星即去掉原来的冥王星2) 注意：数词 other名词的复数，而another数词名词的复数例如： I have eaten 2 apples, I would like 3 other apples. 我已经吃了2 个苹果了，我想再吃3 个I have eaten 2 apples, I would like another 3 apples. 我已经吃了2 个苹果了，我想再吃3 个文章中还有一句： But scientist have discovered many other galaxies in the universe. 但是科学家在宇宙中已经发了很多其他的星系6The stars we see at night are the suns in other solar systems.我们在晚上看见的星星是其他太阳系中的恒星。

1）we see 是定语，修饰The stars (2) sun 小写作为普通名词使用，表示“ 恒星 ” 如果大写，表示我们太阳系中的太阳例如： The Sun is shining. 7. With so many stars in the universe, are we alone, or is there life out there in space? 宇宙中有这么多的星，我们是孤独的吗？太空中还有其他生命吗？ With so many stars in the universe 是介词短语，在句子中作状语，表示伴随情况例如： The boy ran in, with a ball in his hand. 小男孩手里拿着球，跑了进来重点语法：现在完成时（ II ）1.要表达 “ 刚刚做完某事” 、“ 已经做完某事” ，我们同意可以用现在完成时just 用来表示 “ 刚刚” ，already 用来表示 “ 已经 ” ，一般置于have/ has 之后 ,两者都用于肯定句，在否定句中则要用 yet，表示 “ 还（未） ” 例如： I have just heard the news. 我刚刚听到消息。

They have already been to the USA. 他们已经去过美国了 I haven t heard from Tom yet.我还没有收到汤姆的来信2Have been to 表示 “ 去过某地，但现在已经回来了” ； have gone to 表示 “ 去了某地，现在不在说话人所在地” 例如： -Is Tom in? 汤姆在吗？-No, he has gone to town. 不，他进城了I have been to Jinan. I returned last week. 我去过济南，上周回来的记忆本模块新出现的不规则动词的过去分词：makemade- made hear heard- heard 大显身手：3 I. 单项选择1. I haven t start it _. A. already B. just C. ever D. yet 2. There aren t _ astronauts in the spacecraft. A. some B. any C. much D. a lot 3. Your father isn t in. Where is he? He _ Shanghai on business. A. has been to B. has been at C. has gone to D. went 4. There are more than one hundred students on the farm. A. over B. less than C. much D. more 5. I dont like geography. My sister doesn t like it, _. A. also B. too C. and D. either 6. I have many pen pals, but _ of them are foreigners. A. none B. no one C. nobody D. one 7. Who can tell me _? A. how long is the river B. how long the river is C. the river is how long D. how the river is long 8. They got _ a fright _ they dropped the bag. A. so, that B. such, that C. enough, to D. too, to 9. They _ two thousand on the new color TV A. took B. spent C. paid D. cost 10. The bag is heavy and I can carry it. Can you help me to _ it to my room? A. take B. bring C. give D. reach 11. It s important _ us _ learn English well. A. to, to B. for, for C. for, to D. to, for 12. If I won _ dollars, I would give them to Childrens hospital. A. two millions B. two millions of C. millions D. millions of 13. The star _ we see at night are the suns in other solar systems. A. which B. what C. / D. A and C 14. To my surprise, she prefers life on Mars. A. like B. like best C. like better D. refer 15. His name is named _ his grandpa. A. by B. after C. with D. to 16. Hi, Lucy. I m looking for you everywhere. I _ the reading room. A. have gone to B. have been to C. go D. went 17. The astronaut can see the Great Wall _. A. on space B. in a space C. in the space D. in space 18. Have the astronauts _ the moon safely? Yes. Now they are wa。