《解放宣言》中英对照版.doc

《解放宣言》 公元 1862 年 9 月 22 日 2 合众国总统曾发布一项宣言，包括以下内容，即： 从公元 1863 年 1 月 1 日起，任何一州或州内标明地区的人仍把他人作为奴隶，将视为 背叛联邦政府，所有被当作奴隶的人从即日起，将会获得永久自由；联邦执政府，包括陆 军，海军当局，将认可和保卫这些人的自由，对这样的群体或单独一人为获得实在的自由 而做的任何努力，将不采取单一行动或联合行动去压制 自 1863 年 1 月 1 日起，政府将依据宣言明确哪一州或州内某地区的人们分别背叛联邦 政府以事实为判断依据，从即日起，任何一州和它的人民都要由有选举资格的大多数人 投票选出他们信任的代表，参加合众国的国会如无明显的抵制证据，则可确认该州及州 内人民无背叛联邦政府的迹象 为此，我，亚伯拉罕·林肯·合众国的总统，以合众国陆海军总司令的权威，在发生 背叛联邦政府和权威的事实之时，作为适当和必要的手段估，对叛乱进行了武力镇压值 此公元 1863 年 1 月 1 日，距离为平叛目的而公开发表宣言的时间整整一百天的时候，我明 确宣布以下各州和州内部分地区以及那里的人们背叛了联邦政府，这就是： 阿肯色州、得克萨斯 州、路易斯安那州（圣伯纳德、普拉克明斯、杰斐逊、圣约翰、 圣查尔斯、圣詹姆斯、阿森松、阿桑普申、特勒博恩、拉富什、圣马丁和奥尔良、包括新 奥尔良城，以上教区除外） 、密西西比州、亚拉巴马州、佛罗里达州、佐治亚州、南罗莱纳 州、北卡罗莱纳州、弗吉尼亚州、 （标明为西弗吉尼亚的 48 个县，还有伯克利县、阿康玛 克县、北安普顿县、伊丽莎白市、约克、安公主、诺福克、包括诺福克市、和普茨茅斯市， 以上地区除外）――这些地区，不包括除外的地区，目前看来完全保持宣言颁布前的状态。

以权力的效能和前述的意图，我命令和宣告，前述标明的各州和某些州的部分地区被 作为奴隶的人，从即日起，将会获得自由；合众国执政府，包括陆军和海军当局，将从可 及保卫前述之人的自由 在此我要特别告诫已宣布获得自由的人民，要戒绝所有暴力，除非出于自卫的必要； 我还劝告他们，在所有正常情况下，要为获得公平的薪水付出诚实的劳动 我进一步宣告，让人民家喻户晓，符合条件的人将接纳进入联邦军队服役，去保卫炮 台、车站和其他地方，也可以在各种舰船上服役 对于这一行动，我衷心地相信是一个正义之举，是宪法授权的军事措施，我祈求人类 对此行动做出慎重的裁断，祈求万能的上帝给予慈祥的恩惠 因而，为此我抬起手，盖上合众国的大印于华盛顿，公元 1863 年 1 月 1 日，美利坚 合众国独立八十七年总统：亚伯拉罕·林肯 国务卿：威廉·Η·西华德 The Emancipation Proclamation Whereas, on the twenty-second day of September in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, a proclamation was issued by the President of the United States, containing, among other things, the following, to wit: That on the first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within any State, or designated part of a State, the people where of shall then be in rebellion against the United State, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free: and the Executive Government of the United States, including the military and naval authority thereof, will recognize and maintain the freedom of such persons, and will do no acts to repress such persons, or any of them, in any efforts they may make for their actual freedom. That the Executive will, on the first day of January aforesaid, by proclamation, designate the States and parts of the States, if any, in which the people thereof respectively shall then be in rebellion against the United States; and the fact that any State, or the people thereof, shall on that day be in good faith represented in the Congress of the United Stated by members chosen thereto at elections wherein a majority of the qualified voters of such State shall have participated, shall in the absence if strong countervailing testimony be deemed conclusive evidence that such State and the people thereof are not then in rebellion against the United States. Now, therefore, I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States, by virtue of the power in me vested as Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, in time of actual armed rebellion against the authority and the government of the United Sates, and as a fit and necessary war measure for suppressing said rebellion, do on this first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, and in accordance with my purpose so to do, publicly proclaimed for the full period of 100 days from the day first above mentioned, order and designate as the States and parts of States wherein the people thereof, respectively, are this day in rebellion against the United States, the following to wit: Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana (except the parishes of St. Bernard, Plaquemines, Jefferson, St. John, St. Charles, St. James, Ascension, Assumption, Terre Bonne, Lafourche, St. Mary, St. Martin, and Orleans), Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia (except the forty-eight counties designated as West Virginia, and also counties of Berkeley, Accomac, Northampton, Elizabeth City, York, Princess Anne, and Norfolk, including the cities of Norfolk and Portsmouth), and which excepted parts are for the present left precisely as if this proclamation were not issued. And by virtue of the power aforesaid, I do order and declare that all persons held as slaves within said designated States and parts of the States are, and henceforward shall be, free; and that Executive Government of the United States, including the military and naval authorities thereof, shall recognize and maintain the freedom of said persons. And I hereby enjoin upon the people so declared to be free to abstain from all violence, unless in necessary self-defense; and I recommend to them that, in all cases where allowed, they labor faithfully for reasonable wages. And I further declare and make known that such persons of suitable condition will be received into the armed service of the United States to garrison forts, positions, stations, and other places, and to men vessels of all sorts in said service. And upon this act, sincerely believed to be an act of justice, warranted by the Constitution upon military necessity, I invoke the considerate judgment。