Unit3Blackmail课件.ppt

Advanced English《《 高高 级级 英英 语语 》》主编：张汉熙主编：张汉熙外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社BlackmaillBrainstorminglBackgroundlText Study•Language Points•Comprehension Questions•Text Analysis and AppreciationlExerciseslTasks after ClassBrainstorminglBrainstorm on synonymous words of blackmail.lExtort: obtain by force, violencelE.g., The police used torture to extort confession from him.lRacketeer: (colloq) get money by deceiving, threateninglMake a list of English noble ranks. King/queen Duke & duchess Marquis & marquis Earl Viscount Baron l贵族爵位（peerages）分为公爵（Duke）、侯爵（Marquis或Marquees）、伯爵（Earl）、子爵（Viscount）和男爵（Baron）5个等级。

原来贵族爵位都是世袭的，而且只能有一个继承人长子是法定继承人只有在贵族没有儿子的情况下，其爵位才能由首先达到继承年龄的直系后代来继承自1958年以后，才允许将非继承性的“终身贵族爵位”（Life peerages）授予某一个人l对公爵、公爵夫人（Duchess）尊称为“Grace”直接称呼时用“Your Grace”（大人、夫人），间接提及时用“His（Her）Grace”用在信封或信的开头可尊称为“His Grace the Duck of．．．”（公爵大人……）或“Her Grace the Duchess of．．．”（公爵夫人……）l侯爵、伯爵、子爵和男爵都可以称为“Lord”（勋爵）直接称呼时，都可称“Your Lordship”间接提及时可用“Lord ＋姓”或“Lord ＋地名”信封上或信的开头分别称“My Lord Marquis”或“My Lord”（主要用于伯、子、男爵） l公爵、侯爵、伯爵的长子在他们的父亲没死之前，即没有继承其父亲爵位之前，也可称之为“Lord”（勋爵），但不是贵族公爵、侯爵的次子以下的儿子，可以终身称之为“Lord”（勋爵）；对伯、子、男爵的次子以下的儿子可称“Honorable”（尊敬的）。

他们也都不是贵族l　侯爵夫人（Marchioness）、伯爵夫人（Countess）、子爵夫人（Viscountess）、男爵夫l　　人（Baroness）均可称之为：“Lady”（夫人），即用“Lady ＋丈夫的姓或丈夫勋称中的地名”l公爵、侯爵、伯爵的每一个女儿也都可称为“Lady”，即可用“Lady ＋授予名＋姓”l　　如果她结了婚，就用丈夫的姓代替自己的姓，但仍称为“Lady”（夫人），即使丈夫无爵位，是个普通的“先生”，也可称为“Lady”如果丈夫有了爵位，那她就要选用相应的誉称l除了贵族爵位以外，还有别的一些誉称，对爵士则尊称为“Sir”（爵士）具体做法是“Sir ＋授予名＋姓”或“Sir＋授予名”，但作为爵士头衔，Sir绝不可只用于姓前BackgroundlAbout the writerlAbout the novel Hotel1. About the author Arthur Hailey is the author of a number of best selling novels. Born in Luton, England, in 1920, the was educated in English schools until age fourteen. After a brief career as an office boy, he joined the British Royal Air Force in 1939 and served through World War II, rising through the ranks to become a pilot and flight lieutenant. In 1949 Hailey emigrated to Canada, where he was successively a real estate salesman, business paper editor and a sales and advertising executive. He became, and still is a Canadian citizen. He makes his home at Lyford Cay in the Bahamas. About the authorIn 1956 Arthur Hailey scored his first writing success with a TV drama, Flight into Danger, which later became a motion picture and a novel, Runway Zero-Eight ( 1958). The sensational Hailey bestsellers include The Final Diagnosis ( 1959). In High Places (1962), Hotel (1966), Airport (1968), Wheels (1971), The Moneychangers (1975). About the authorThough a Canadian himself, he set the scene of most of his works in the Untied States. Each of his books deals with one particular field of society. This is made clear by the titles of his books. It is this peculiarity of his that is of value to those who are eager to learn about contemporary American society. 2. About the novel Hotel The St. Gregory Hotel is the largest in New Orleans, Louisiana. For 4 days from Monday evening to Friday, the hotel goes through a succession of dramatic events. With the hotel’s mortgage due by the weekend and with no chance of getting further renewal, the owner, warren Trent, reluctantly makes up his mind to sell his hotel to a chain hotel owner, Curtis O’keefe . About the novel HotelPeter McDermott, the assistant general manager, has to tackle several other knotty problems: handling an attempted rape which has occurred in one of the hotel’s rooms; catching a professional thief operating in the hotel; pacifying a whole convention of several hundred dentists that threaten to leave in protest against the hotel’s objection to putting up a member of the convention – a black doctor . Then there is the Duke of Croydon. The Duke is an internationally famous statesman and the newly-appointed British ambassador to Washington. He and his wife occupy the best suite in St. Gregory, On Monday evening while driving back with his wife from a gambling house, the Duke knocks down a woman and her child . Both are killed. The Duke and the Duchess, however, drive away .The hit-and-run becomes top sensational news in New Orleans . The hotel’s chief house detective Ogilvie notices the battered car when it comes back. About the novel HotelInstead of reporting this to the police, he goes to see the Duke and the Duchess. He promises to keep quiet about what he knows and asks for a large sum of money in return for the favour. The Duke, now totally at a loss as to how to act, hides behind the skirts of his wife. The Duchess understands that to get themselves out of this mess, the car has to be driven out of the south where people are alerted about the hit-and-run. So she offers to pay Ogilvie more than he has asked on condition that he drives the car to Chicago up in the north. The greedy detective agrees. At one o’clock Thursday morning Ogilvie gets the car out of the garage. He is seen leaving by one person only. By Peter McDermott, the assistant general manager, Though it strikes him as odd, Peter does not link this up with the hit-and-run until late that afternoon when he witnesses the funeral of the two victims of the accident . He contacts police headquarters right away. About the novel HotelBy this time, Ogilvie has crossed Louisiana and Mississippi, driving by night and concealing the car by day. He thinks that everything is going smoothly, little knowing that he is a already being followed by the Highway patrol cruisers. In Tennessee, he is caught and sent back to New Orleans.  At first the Duchess tries to deny everything, but doesn’t succeed in convincing the police. The Duke then decides to go over to police headquarters before they come for him, wishing to save the little shreds of decency left in him. He takes an elevator to go down . This elevator which has been out of order for some time and badly in need of repair breaks down. As it goes down, one set of clamps holds and the other fails. The elevator car twists, buckles and splits open, throwing the Duke nine floors down to the cement ground. He dies instantly. About the novel HotelHowever, the novel ends with a pleasant surprise. A sick, old, eccentric man staying in the hotel turns out to be an extremely wealthy man from Montreal, Canada. Earlier, he fell seriously ill and was saved by Peter and his girl friend. To show his gratitude and to repay their kindness, he buys the hotel from its former owner and makes Peter the new executive vice-president, with complete authority to run the hotel as he thinks fit. Text StudylLanguage PointslComprehension QuestionslText Analysis and AppreciationLanguage Points1. The chief house officer, Ogilvie, who had declared he would… took twice that time: The chief house officer, Ogilvie, gave the Croydons a mysterious telephone call telling them he would pay them a visit an hour later, but actually he appeared at their suite two hours later. chief house officer: Hotels in the U.S. employ detectives to take care of hotel security, called ‘house dicks’, dignified appellation – house officer. 2. The nerves of both the Duke and Duchess were excessively frayed: The nerves of both the Duke and Duchess were worn out by the long wait, were over-strained. Both the Duke and Duchess were extremely nervous.3. She had dispatched her maid on an invented errand: They sent her out to get her out of the way; the ‘errand ’ being just an excuse, a trip which was not necessary. Obviously the talk between Ogilvie and the Croydons had to be kept a secret.4. To exercise the Bedlington terriers: to walk the dogs: to take the dogs out and give them some exercise. The Bedlington terrier is a dogs out and give them some exercise. The Bedlington terrier is a breed of blue or liver-coloured, woolly-coated, active, typically small dogs. The terriers are a status symbol showing that the Duchess is no ordinary dog owner. And the fact that they can keep dogs in a hotel suite proves they are very important people.5. A wave of cigar smoke accompanied Ogilvie in: to smoke a cigar in the presence of a lady without asking for permission is impolite and being familiar. He comes into the room smoking his cigar . Ogilvie is a coarse, vulgar, and uneducated fellow and because he thinks he has the Croydons under his thumb he doesn’t give a dame to what they may think or feel. The Duchess ‘looked pointedly’, that is , directly and sharply at the cigar, trying to intimidate him with her superior social position. 6. Would you kindly pot that out: a period instead of a question mark, indicating it is said in a falling tone, meant to be a command, not a polite request 7. Piggy eyes: small, narrow eyes lost in the mass of flesh. Ogilvie is one of the ‘bad guys’ in this novel. He has piggy eyes, a gross jowled face, an obese body, speaks in falsetto, is vulgar, unscrupulous, ill-mannered, to the point of throwing his cigar on the carpet. Some examples with the word pig: Don’t be a pig. (Don’t be greedy.) He is a pig. (He is a dirty, greedy or ill-mannered person.) I’ve made a pig of myself. (I’ve eaten too much.) 8. surveyed her sardonically: He looked her up and down scornfully because he had evidence of their crime up his sleeve and felt sure that in a moment he would be able to humble her and bring her to her knees. Note the different meanings of the following words: sardonic: being scornful, cynical sarcastic: intending to hurt the feelings, to inflict pain by deriding, taunting satirical: intending to make a person or thing appear foolish or absurd ironical: a humorous or sarcastic form of expression in which the intended meaning of what is said is directly opposite to the usual sense. 9. who faced them uncertainly: Besides having a weak character, the Duke is over fond of liquor and other men’s wives, and so is submissive to the Duchess, herself a woman of strong character, a known public figure and cousin of the queen. After the road accident, it was the Duchess who masterminded the cover-up and the Duke wasn’t quite of what to say to Ogilvie or what to do, he was afraid of messing things up.10. Pretty neat set-up you folks got: Ogilvie’s language is ungrammatical, vulgar and slangy. Neat is slangy, meaning nice, fine; a general term of approval. Set-up, a noun, meaning arrangement of furniture, etc. A better educated person might say: “This is a pretty nice room that you have got.” For Ogilvie’s ungrammatical language, see Note 4 to the text. Here are some examples from the text : 11. I imagine you did not come here to discuss decor: I suppose you did not come here merely to discuss the arrangement of the furniture and other decorations of this suite. What she meant was “ Speak your mind. Don’t waste time.” She purposely used the word dear, imagining Ogilvie would be awed. Unlike Ogilvie, the Duchess always speaks the Queen’s English, using strictly grammatical structures and choosing her words carefully, sometime to the extent of being pompous. 12. He lowered the level of his incongruous falsetto voice: He had an unnaturally high-pitched voice. When he spoke now, he lowered the pitch. Incongruous: This falsetto voice sounded funny coming from a thickset man like Ogilvie.13. “You two was in that hit-‘n-run”: You two are guilty of that hit-and-run accident. Hit-and-run is usually used to describe a driver who flees from the scene of an accident in which he is involved. 14. “There’s been plenty on radio, too.”: There have been a lot of reports about the accident on the radio, too.15. Two high points of colour: The Duchess’ cheeks flushed, not evenly, but around the cheek bones. She was upset and a bit scared. But at the moment she was pretending indignation.16. your high-an’-mightiness: high had mighty: very proud, ( the correct way to address a Duke or a Duchess is “Your Grace”). Ogilvie addressed her this way in imitation of “Your Highness’ to mock her haughty attitude.17. high-tailed it: (colloquial) leave in a hurry, scurry off 18. they’ll throw the book, and never mind who it hits: They’ll deal out the maximum in punishment, to apply the full force of the law and they will not care who will be punished in this case. To throw the book is an idiom, in which the word book means the law book. It refers to the book. Here Ogilvie follows the metaphor through. 19. if I do what by rights I should, … you’ll hardly see ’em: If I do what I should do in justice ( that is , to report what I know to police headquarters) , a group of policemen will come over here very fast, so fast that you wouldn’t be able to see them moving.20. The Duchess of Croydon: The Duchess was supported by her arrogance coming from parents of noble families who belonged to the nobility for more than three hundred years. So she did not give in easily. 21. But beyond wrinkling her nose in distaste, she made no comment : She only wrinkled her nose to show her dislike for the offending cigar smell, but did not rebuke him.22. As Ogilvie glanced, grinning, at the Duchess: Ogilvie is rubbing it in, enjoying himself over the wounded pride of an arrogant wife.23. You were into a second hundred: You were beginning to spend another hundred dollars of your own (the hundred won in gambling had already been spent) to treat a merry and lively party. 24. There ain’t much, out of the way: if anybody who stays in this hotel does anything wrong, improper or unusual. I always get to know about it. There isn’t much that can escape me. out of the way: improper, wrong, unusual25. lickered up: liquored up, drunk. Compare: liquor: an alcoholic drink, esp. one made by distillation, as whiskey or rum ( neat whiskey) wine: mainly grape wine ( sweet or dry wine) soft drinks: non-alcoholic, like soda pop chaser: a mild drink, taken with or after liquor26. the word was out: The news about the accident was spreading. Phrases with word: say a good word for sb. have a word with sb. ( talk with sb.) have words with( quarrel) give sb. one’s word ( promise) be as good as one’s word break one’s word a man of his word in so many words word for word27. On a hunch I went over to the garage: A I suspected and felt there was something wrong, I went over to the garage to inspect. hunch: A feeling about something not based on known facts: premonition or suspicion. The meaning derives from the superstition that it brings good luck to touch a hunch-back. I have a hunch that …: I rather think that…28. look-see: (slang) a quick look or inspection 29. jockeys: usu. Professional rider in horse-races, here it means persons who park cars or trucks in a storage garage, also called car jockeys disc jockeys: radio or TV broadcaster who introduces performances and comments on records or tapes of light popular music30. square his shoulders: to show he is ready to face the consequences, he is brave, not afraid of what is it come 31. took on a musing note: his voice sounded as if he was deep in thought. He was going to put all his cards on the table now that he had made it sufficiently clear to the Croydons that they were in his hands.32. the outside towns: small towns around a big city, here outside New Orleans Outlying towns would be more common.33. kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind: She kept firm and tight control of her mind which is working quickly . Here the Duchess is thinking quickly but at the same time keeping her thoughts under control, not letting them run wild.It was essential that her thinking remain calm and reasoned: It was very important for her to think calmly and logically. Note the subjunctive mood in the “that” clause.35. as if the discussion were of some minor domestic matter and not survival itself: as if the discussion were about some unimportant domestic matter, not concerned with life and death36. her husband now a tense but passive spectator: Nominative absolute construction with a noun plus a noun . Her husband watched anxiously and nervously, incapable of taking an active part.37. calculated coolness: She was not cool, in fact, her mind was racing, but she deliberately appeared to be cool.38. but no more than waiting here for certain detection: To drive the car north would be risky, but not more risky than to wait here, because if they did nothing, they would surely be discovered.39. secondary roads: roads not of primary importance whose classification and maintenance vary according to township, county, and state regulations 40. dept at using maps: skilled in using maps Examples: a) He is adept in photography. b) He is adept at (or in) taking pictures.41. Or had they?: second thought which contradicts the first one. Had they (the risks) to the taken? The Duchess suddenly realized that they didn’t have to take the risks of driving the car north themselves. Other examples: He must buy that book. Or must he? (He didn’t have to.) If it had been anyone else, he would have agreed. Or would he? (Maybe not.)42. As the Duke of Croydon shifted uneasily: Both the Duke and detective thought the Duchess had refused the offer. The Duke felt very uneasy; he’d rather pay the money too keep Ogilvie quiet. Ogilvie was about to protest and threaten her again.43. Eyes bored into him: looked at him steadily, sharply and searchingly Bore: make a hole in, used here figuratively 44. her own smallness of mind: her own meanness or weakness of mind. What she is about to do may be extremely significant to her and her husband. She has to take a big chance, to do something very daring, so she must be bold, resolute and decisive, She has to rise to the occasion. 45. When you were plating for the highest stakes, you made the highest did: Stake and bid are gambling terms. Here the sentence means: You had to pay the highest price when your reputation and career were at stake.Comprehension Questions1. Did Ogilvie deliberately delay his call at the Croydon’suite? Why?2. Why did the Duchess send her maid and secretary out?3. Why do you think Ogilvie was being deliberately offensive to the Croydons in the beginning ?4. How did the Duchess know where the Duke had gone the night the accident occurred ?5. How did Ogilvie come to suspect the Croydons of the hit-‘n-run crime ?6 What made the Duchess jump to the conclusion that Ogilvie had come to blackmail them ?Comprehension Questions7. Why didn’t the police come immediately to the hotel to check the cars?8. Why couldn’t the Duchess get her car repaired discreetly in New Orleans?9. Why did the Duchess decide to make the detective drive their car north?10. Why did the Duchess offer Ogilvie twenty-five thousand dollars instead of the ten thousand the detective asked for?11. Did Ogilvie accept the Duchess’ offer? Text Analysis and Appreciation Hailey is skillful in creating vivid and representative characters that always make strong impression on his readers. Thus understanding his way of characterization will be of great help to understand his thoughts and meanings of the novel. In this excerpt, typical characters like the Duchess and the detective are portrayed through conversations and conflicts. The Duchess is the protagonist of the story, and her language refined elegant due to her noble blood and her good education. In contras to her, the antagonist , namely the house detective is ill-mannered and unscrupulous .The language he uses is coarse, ungrammatical and slangy.  And through the confrontation o9f words, the novel develops intense conflicts not only between the characters , but within each character as. well .For instance, when they get to talk about the specific details, the Duchess on one hand keeps “firm, tight rein on her racing mind”, while on the other hand she reasons with the detective “ with calculated coolness” .And it is just the conflicts that hold reader’s interest. Besides, the setting of this novel is also of great importance. Notice that the story takes place in a hotel that attracts all kinds of people, and thus represents the coming together of people of different social classes. And all the action in this excerpt is limited to a single room. Such a setting can suggest isolation and alienation, which means that the conversation between the Duchess the detective goes on covertly. ExerciseslⅡlⅢlⅤlⅨlⅫTasks after ClasslComment on the three characters and characterization of the text. lWrite a mini-drama of “Blackmail”。