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高考英语代词重点考点解码.doc

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    • 高考英语代词重点考点解码 破解 何仁毅代词是英语中较难掌握的知识点,也是历年高考的重要考点之一纵观历年高考试题,我们发现,只要弄清代词的具体的指代用法、数的概念、词性以及肯定或否定含义等,抓住代词的六大易错易混考点,就能破解代词重难点易错易混点1】other,the other,another,others,the rest 辨析【备考清单】⊙ 指代单数时,若是泛指,用another,若是特指,则用the other⊙ 指代复数时,若是泛指,用other修饰名词的复数形式;若是特指,用the other修饰名词的复数形式the other(+单数可数名词)特指两者中的另一个,常有one…the other的搭配⊙ others表示复数意义,不能作定语,相当于"other+复数名词";the others相当于"the other+复数名词"⊙ another一般表示单数,其后接可数名词的单数形式但若其后有基数词或few时,则可接复数名词⊙ the rest既可代替可数名词,也可代替不可数名词,而another,other,others,the other(s)只能代替可数名词经典例析】(2013重庆卷)Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is___ A. another B. the other C. one another D. one another或“another+单数可数名词”泛指“另一个,有一个,再一个”,其复数形式是others或“other+复数名词”泛指“别人或别的物”,有some…others(一些…另一些…”之搭配。

      其复数形式the others或“the other+复数名词”特指在某些人或物中,除去一部分后,“其余的”“剩下的”人或物 another还可用于“another+基数词或few+复数名词”中与“数词或some+more/other+复数名词”相当注意下列固定用法:other than(除……外),each other, one another(相互),one after another(一个接一个),“any other+单数名词”(别的/其他的任何一个)else只能放在复合不定代词或者疑问词后易错易混点2】it,one,ones, that,those 辨析【备考清单】 ⊙ one同类中泛指可数名词,复数为ones;所替代的是同名异物,the one同类中特指可数名词,这时相当于that, 但that 前无形容词修饰;that也是同类中特指,既可指可数名词,复数为those(=the ones),又可指不可数名词,它常带后置修饰语;it指同名同物,主要指物,也可指性别不明的人或某种双方知道的情况,但更多用作形式主语或宾语经典例析】9. (2013四川卷)The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than on the small ones.A. one B. this C. that D. it【易错易混点3】some, any及其相应复合不定代词的辨析 【备考清单】some多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句、疑问句。

      在下列情况下常用some: 1) some后接单数可数名词,意为"某一"时,相当于"a certain + 单数可数名词" 2) 在表示请求或邀请的句子中,当期望对方给予一个肯定的答复时,通常用some,不用any 在下列肯定句中常用any: 1) 用于陈述句或祈使句中,意为"任何;无论哪一个",后接可数名词单数形式如: Any book will do-I just want something to read on the train. 2) 用于肯定的条件句中,意为"什么;一个(些)";if any是固定词组,意为"若有的话"如: He asked me if I had any books in my desk. some, any, every常与-one, -body, -thing构成复合不定代词,其基本用法与some, any, every用法相当经典例析】2. (2013安徽卷)This project requires close teamwork. Will be achieved unless we work well together. A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything 【易错易混点4】both,all,neither,either,any,none辨析【备考清单】都任何都不两者both eitherneither三者或三者以上allanynone not与both或all连用表示部分否定。

      none可指人或物,一般要接表示范围的of短语,可以回答how many;而no one只能指人(=nobody),不能接of短语,可以回答who另外,none可指代文中的不可数名词,表示“毫无” 【经典例析】13.(2013陕西卷)Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost of her enthusiasm for life. A. some B. neither C. none D. all 【易错易混点5】this, that, these, those辨析【备考清单】 (1) this, these是时间或空间上的“近指”,可与here连用;that, those是时间或空间上的“远指”,可与there连用2) 指上文提到的事一般用that,有时也用this,指下文的事只能用this3) 打时,用this来介绍自己,用that来问对方,不用I或you4) this和that还可表示程度,意为“如此,那么”,相当于so,作状语。

      经典例析】 【易错易混点6】反身代词在句中可以作enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce等动词和by, for, to等介词的宾语,还可以作主语或宾语的同位语,可译作“亲自,本人”,但不能作主语备考清单】 反身代词itself可以指代不明性别的人或物 be oneself身体舒服 for oneself 独立、亲自、为自己 by oneself 独立、独自 of oneself 自动地【经典例析】【易错易混点7】it作形式主语或形式宾语,真正主语或宾语由从句、动名词或不定式来充当 【备考清单】 it还可以用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词,尤其是表示好恶的动词之后,再接宾语从句这些动词如: like, love, dislike, hate, feel like, depend on, appreciate等经典例析】1.(2013重庆卷)Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is___ A. another B. the other C. one another D. one 3.(2013新课标2)It's an either-or situation - we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do____ . A. others B. either C. another D. both 4.(2013江西卷)_______ can be good at something for 40 years if he doesn’t love it. A. Anybody B. Everybody C. Nobody D. Somebody 5.(2013山东卷)I’ve lived in New York and Chicago, but don’t like ____ of them very much. A. either B. any C. each D. another 6.(2013全国卷大纲版)It's an either-or situation - we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do . A. others B. either C. another D. both 7.(2013辽宁卷)To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then _____of her colleagues. A. that B. one C. ones D. those 8. (2013浙江卷)Half of _____ surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.A. these B. some C. ones D. those10.(2013天津卷)At our factory there are a few machines similar to described in this magazine.A. them B. these C. those D. ones11. (2013福建卷)A society cannot be successful if it throws tradition away, but it cannot be successful ______if we do something to stop progress.A. either B. neither C. too D. also12.(2013天津卷)At our factory there are a few machines similar to described in this magazine.A. them B. these C. those D. ones 代词是高中英语中比较难以掌握的知识点,但又是历年高考的重点和热点。

      英语中的代词种类繁多,有人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,指示代词,不定代词等等但纵观历年高考试题,主要考查的代词有:it,one,that,those,all。

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