全新版大学英语第三册第二版电子教案Unit2课件.ppt

Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ mainEnglish Song — Abraham, Martin & John Text Prediction Background InformationSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ English Song _ mainEnglish Song — Abraham, Martin & John Read the Script of the SongPeople in the SongThink While ListeningSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ Background Information _ mainBackground Information Timeline of Slavery The Underground Railroad Map Reading Uncle Tom’s Cabin Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ Think While ListeningThink While ListeningThink While ListeningListen to the song Abraham, Martin & John, sung by Dion, and think about the following questions.1. A few names are mentioned in this song. Can you make out who these people are?They are Abraham Lincoln, John F. Kennedy, Martin Luther King and Bobby Kennedy. Clues: They are all Americans. All died young. They freed a lot of people.2. Do you know why they all died young?3. Whom did they free?Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ Read the Script of the Song 1Abraham, Martin & JohnAbraham, Martin & JohnHas anybody here,Seen my old friend Abraham?Can you tell me, where he’s gone?He freed a lot of people,But it seems the good they die young,You know, I just looked around,And he’s gone.Anybody here,Seen my old friend John?Can you tell me, where he’s gone?Read the Script of the SongRead the Script of the SongSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ Read the Script of the Song 2He freed a lot of people,But it seems the good they young,I just looked around,And he’s gone.Anybody here,Seen my old friend Martin?Can you tell me, where he’s gone?He freed a lot of people,But it seems the good they die young,I just looked around,And he’s gone.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ Read the Script of the Song 3Didn’t you love the things that they stood for?Didn’t they try to find some good for you and me?And we’ll be free,Someday soon it’s gonna be one day ...Anybody here, Seen my old friend Bobby?Can you tell me, where he’s gone?I thought I saw him walkin’ up over the hill,With Abraham, Martin and John.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ People in the Song 11. Abraham Lincoln1. Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln was the sixteenth president of the US. As President, he issued The Emancipation Proclamation (?解放黑人奴隶宣言?) that declared forever free those slaves within the Confederacy (南部邦联). People in the Song People in the Song During the Civil War Lincoln stated most movingly in dedicating the military cemetery at Gettysburg: “that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain — that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom — and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.〞Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ People in the Song 2 On April 14, 1865, Lincoln was assassinated at Ford’s Theatre in Washington by John Wilkes Booth, an actor, who somehow thought he was helping the South. The opposite was the result, for with Lincoln’s death, the possibility of peace died.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesOn November 22, 1963, when he was hardly past his first thousand days in office, John F. Kennedy was killed by an assassin’s bullets as his motorcade (汽汽 车车 队队 ) wound through Dallas, Texas. Kennedy was the youngest man elected President; he was the youngest to die. B R _ People in the Song 32. John F. Kennedy 2. John F. Kennedy John Fitzgerald Kennedy was the thirty-fifth president of the US. In his Inaugural Address (就职演说) he said: “Ask not what your country can do for you — ask what you can do for your country.〞 As President, he took vigorous action in the cause of equal rights, calling for new civil rights legislation. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes Dr. King was a pivotal (关关键键) figure in the Civil Rights Movement. His lectures and dialogues stirred (激激起起) the concern and sparked the conscience of a generation. In one of his speeches, he said, “I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character. I have a dream today. I have a dream that ... one day right there in Alabama, little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with the little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. I have a dream today.〞B R _ People in the Song 43. Martin Luther King3. Martin Luther King Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes Dr. King was shot while standing on the balcony of the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee on April 4, 1968. Dr. King was in Memphis to help lead sanitation workers in a protest against low wages and intolerable working conditions.B R _ People in the Song 5Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesKennedy enforced a Federal court order admitting the first African American student — James Meredith — to the University of Mississippi. The riot (暴暴动动) that had followed Meredith’s registration (注注册册) had left two dead and hundreds injured. Robert Kennedy saw voting as the keyB R _ People in the Song 64. Bobby Kennedy4. Bobby Kennedy Bobby Kennedy or Robert F. Kennedy, was the brother of President John F. Kennedy. He was appointed attorney general (司司法法部部长长) of the United States in the early 1960s. In September 1962, Attorney GeneralSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroesto racial (种种族族的的) justice (正正义义) and collaborated (合合作作) with President Kennedy when he proposed the most far-reaching civil rights statute since Reconstruction, The Civil Rights Act of 1964, passed after President Kennedy was slain on November 22, 1963. Robert Francis Kennedy was slain on June 5, 1968 at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles, California. He was 42 years old. Although his life was cut short, Robert Kennedy’s vision and ideals live on today. B R _ People in the Song 7Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes1. What is an underground railroad in the normal sense?2. What is this underground railroad special for?3. Can you imagine what this railroad was built for?B R _ Text Prediction 1Text Prediction Text Prediction Read the introductory part of the text and think about the following questions. In 2004 a center in honor of the “underground railroad〞 opens in Cincinnati. The railroad was unusual. It sold no tickets and had no trains. Yet it carried thousands of passengers to the destination of their dreams.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ Text Prediction 24. What probably are the dreams of the passengers?5. What probably is the destination of their dreams?6. What is the text probably about?Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ Map Reading 1 Map Reading Map Reading Read the following three maps and answer the following questions. Click to see big picture.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ Map Reading 21. Find the following states: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia.2. Which states are most densely populated with slaves?Which part do these states belong to, the Northern States or the Southern States?3. Where did most slaves want to go?Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ Map Reading 3Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ Map Reading 4Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ Map Reading 5Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ Timeline of Slavery 1Timeline of SlaveryTimeline of Slavery1619 — Slaves in VirginiaAfricans brought to Jamestown are the first slaves imported into Britain’s North American colonies.1705 — Slaves as PropertyDescribing slaves as real estate, Virginia lawmakers allowed owners to bequeath their slaves. The same law allowed masters to “kill and destroy〞 runaways. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ Timeline of Slavery 21775 — American Revolution BeganBattles at the Massachusetts towns of Lexington and Concord on April 19 sparked the war for American independence from Britain. 1776 — Declaration of IndependenceThe Continental Congress asserted “that these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States〞.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ Timeline of Slavery 31783 — American Revolution EndedBritain and the infant United States signed the Peace of Paris treaty. 1808 — United States Banned Slave TradeImporting African slaves was outlawed, but smuggling continued. 1860 — Abraham Lincoln ElectedAbraham Lincoln of Illinois became the first Republican to win the United States Presidency. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ Timeline of Slavery 41861~1865 — United States Civil WarFour years of brutal conflict claimed 623,000 lives. 1863 — The Emancipation ProclamationPresident Abraham Lincoln decreed that all slaves in rebel territory were free on January 1, 1863. 1865 — Slavery AbolishedThe 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution outlawed slavery. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes The Underground Railroad was not underground. Because escaping slaves and the people who helped them were technically breaking the law, they had to stay out of sight. They went “underground〞 in terms of concealing their actions. Sometimes they even hid in unusual places. Many clever and creative ideas helped slaves during their escape. When abolitionist (废奴主义者) John Fairfield needed to sneak (偷偷摸摸地进行) 28 slaves over the roads near Cincinnati, he hired a hearse (灵车) and disguised the group as a funeral procession. B R _ The Underground Railroad 1The Underground RailroadThe Underground Railroad1. General InformationSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ The Underground Railroad 2 Henry “Box〞 Brown, a slave, had himself shipped from Richmond to Philadelphia in a wooden box. 2. Routes to Freedom The routes the slaves traveled appear in this map. The trip is 560 miles (900 kilometers) long. A strong, lucky runaway might have made it to freedom in two months. For others, especially in bad weather, the trek (跋涉跋涉) might have lasted a year. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ The Underground Railroad 3Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ The Underground Railroad 4Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ The Underground Railroad 5Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes Uncle Tom’s Cabin, written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, is one of the most famous and popular pieces of Civil War literature. Drawn from selected pieces of real life anecdotes, Uncle Tom’s Cabin was a book that drew many people into the fight over the institution of slavery. Northerners hailed (欢欢 呼呼 ) the book, while southern slaveholders abhorred it.B R _ Uncle Tom’s Cabin Uncle Tom’s CabinUncle Tom’s Cabin Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesG R _ mainTrue or FalsePart Division of the Text Further UnderstandingSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesG R _ Further UnderstandingFurther UnderstandingText Analysis Questions and AnswersSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesG R _ True or False 1True or FalseTrue or False1. Just like Uncle Tom in Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Josiah Henson was a long-suffering slave who was unwilling to stand up for himself. F FAccording to Barbara Carter, Josiah Henson was a man of principle and totally different from Uncle Tom. ( )2. All the men and women who forged the Underground Railroad were blacks. F FSome whites were driven by religious convictions and took part in this movement. ( )Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesG R _ True or False 23. These railroad conductors were frequently faced with death threats and warnings from the local government. T T( )4. Many fugitives chose Canada as their primary destination because slavery had been abolished there. T T( )Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesG R _ Part Division of the Text Part Division of the Text Part Division of the TextPartsPartsPara(s)Para(s)Main IdeasMain Ideas11~5 It is high time to honor the heroes who helped liberate slaves by forging the Underground Railroad in the early civil-rights struggles in America.26~23By citing examples the author praises the exploits of civil-rights heroes who helped slaves travel the Underground Railroad to freedom.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesG R _ Questions and Answers 1Questions and AnswersQuestions and AnswersUncle Tom was an enduring slave and unwilling to struggle for himself, while Josiah Henson did what he believed was right and took an active part in the anti-slavery movement.1. Both Josiah Henson and Uncle Tom were slaves. But in the eyes of Barbara Carter, they were different. In what way was Josiah Henson different from Uncle Tom? Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesG R _ Questions and Answers 2In the Bible, Moses was the leader who brought the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt and led them to the Promised Land. Just like Moses, Henson helped hundreds of slaves escape to Canada and liberty, so he was called an African-American Moses.2. Why was Henson called an African-American Moses?The Underground Railroad was a secret web of escape routes and safe houses. Many men and women, including both the blacks and whites, together forged it.3. What was the Underground Railroad? Who forged it?Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesG R _ Questions and Answers 3Because most of them remain too little remembered and their exploits are still largely unsung.4. Why does the author want to tell the readers the stories of the heroes of the Underground Railroad?Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesG R _ Text Analysis 1Text Analysis Text Analysis In this part, the author tells the stories of three civil-rights heroes. Who are they? Give the main idea of each story.StoriesStoriesMain IdeasMain Ideas1After winning his own freedom from slavery, John Parker helped other slaves escape north to Canada to get freedom.HeroesHeroes Para(s) Para(s) John Parker 6~10 Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesG R _ Text Analysis 2StoriesStoriesMain IdeasMain Ideas3Supported by a strong religious conviction, the white man Levi Coffin helped black slaves escape at huge risk to himself.HeroesHeroes Para(s) Para(s) Josiah Henson 16~23 2Levi Coffin 11~15 By traveling the Underground Railroad, Josiah Henson reached his destination and became free at last.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes A gentle breeze swept the Canadian plains as I stepped outside the small two-story house. Alongside me was a slender woman in a black dress, my guide back to a time when the surrounding settlement in Dresden, Ontario, was home to a hero in American history. As we walked toward a plain gray church, Barbara Carter spokeproudly of her great-great-grandfather, Josiah Henson. “He was confident that the Creator intended all men to be created equal. And he never gave up struggling for that freedom.〞 D R _ Text 1THE FREEDOM GIVERSTHE FREEDOM GIVERSFergus M. BordewichSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes Carter’s devotion to her ancestor is about more than personal pride: it is about family honor. For Josiah Henson has lived on through the character in American fiction that he helped inspire: Uncle Tom, the long-suffering slave in Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin. Ironically, that character has come to symbolize everything Henson was not. A racial sellout unwilling to stand up for himself? Carter gets angry at the thought. “Josiah Henson was a man of principle,〞 she said firmly.D R _ Text 2Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes I had traveled here to Henson’s last home — now a historic site that Carter formerly directed — to learn more about a man who was, in many ways, an African-American Moses. After winning his own freedom from slavery, Henson secretly helped hundreds of other slaves to escape north to Canada — and liberty. Many settled here in Dresden with him. Yet this stop was only part of a much larger mission for me. Josiah Henson is but one name on a long list of courageous men and women who together forged the Underground Railroad, a secret web of escape routes and safe houses that they used to liberate slaves from the American South. Between 1820 and 1860, as many as 100,000 slaves traveled the Railroad to freedom.D R _ Text 3Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ Text 4 In October 2000, President Clinton authorized $16 million for the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center to honor this first great civil-rights struggle in the U. S. The center is scheduled to open in 2004 in Cincinnati. And it’s about time. For the heroes of the Underground Railroad remain too little remembered, their exploits still largely unsung. I was intent on telling their stories. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ Text 5 John Parker tensed when he heard the soft knock. Peering out his door into the night, he recognized the face of a trusted neighbor. “There’s a party of escaped slaves hiding in the woodsin Kentucky, twenty miles from the river,〞 the man whispered urgently. Parker didn’t hesitate. “I’ll go,〞 he said, pushing a pair of pistols into his pockets.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes Born a slave two decades before, in the 1820s, Parker had been taken from his mother at age eight and forced to walk in chains from Virginia to Alabama, where he was sold on the slave market. Determined to live free someday, he managed to get trained in iron molding. Eventually he saved enough money working at this trade on the side to buy his freedom. Now, by day, Parker worked in an iron foundry in the Ohio port of Ripley. By night he was a “conductor〞 on the Underground Railroad, helping people slip by the slave hunters. In Kentucky, where he was now headed, there was a $1000 reward for his capture, dead or alive. D R _ Text 6Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes Crossing the Ohio River on that chilly night, Parker found ten fugitives frozen with fear. “Get your bundles and follow me,〞 he told them, leading the eight men and two women toward the river. They had almost reached shoreD R _ Text 7 Parker saw a small boat and, with a shout, pushed the escaping slaves into it. There was room for all but two. As the boat slid across the river, Parker watched helplessly as the pursuers closed in around the men he was forced to leave behind. shore when a watchman spotted them and raced off to spread the news.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes The others made it to the Ohio shore, where Parker hurriedly arranged for a wagon to take them to the next “station〞 on the Underground Railroad — the first leg of their journey to safety in Canada. Over the course of his life, John Parker guided more than 400 slaves to safety. While black conductors were often motivated by their own painful experiences, whites were commonly driven by religious convictions. Levi Coffin, a Quaker raised in North Carolina, explained, “The Bible, in bidding us to feed the hungry and clothe the naked, said nothing about color.〞D R _ Text 8Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ Text 9 In the 1820s Coffin moved west to Newport (now Fountain City), Indiana, where he opened a store. Word spread that fleeing slaves could always find refuge at the Coffin home. At times he sheltered as many as 17 fugitives at once, and he kept a team and wagon ready to convey them on the next leg of their journey. Eventually three principal routes converged at the Coffin house, which came to be the Grand Central Terminal of the Underground Railroad.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ Text 10 For his efforts, Coffin received frequent death threats and warnings that his store and home would be burned. Nearly every conductor faced similar risks — or worse. In the North, a magistrate might have imposed a fine or a brief jail sentence for aiding those escaping. In the Southern states, whites were sentenced to months or even years in jail. One courageous Methodist minister, Calvin Fairbank, was imprisoned for more than 17 years in Kentucky, where he kept a log of his beatings: 35,105 stripes with the whip.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes As for the slaves, escape meant a journey of hundreds of miles through unknown country, where they were usually easy to recognize. With no road signs and few maps, they had to put their trust in directions passed by word of mouth and in secret signs — nails driven into trees, for example — that conductors used to mark the route north. Many slaves traveled under cover of night, their faces sometimes caked with white powder. Quakers often dressed their “passengers,〞 both male and female, in gray dresses, deep bonnets andand full veils. On one occasion, Levi Coffin was transporting so many runaway slaves that he disguised them as a funeral procession.D R _ Text 11Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ Text 12 Canada was the primary destination for many fugitives. Slavery had been abolished there in 1833, and Canadian authorities encouraged the runaways to settle their vast virgin land. Among them was Josiah Henson. As a boy in Maryland, Henson watched as his entire family was sold to different buyers, and he saw his mother harshly beaten when she tried to keep him with her. Making the best of his lot, Henson worked diligently and rose far in his owner’s regard.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ Text 13 Money problems eventually compelled his master to send Henson, his wife and children to a brother in Kentucky. After laboring there for several years, Henson heard alarming news: the new master was planning to sell him for plantation work far away in the Deep South. The slave would be separated forever from his family. There was only one answer: flight. “I knew the North Star,〞 Henson wrote years later. “Like the star of Bethlehem, it announced where my salvation lay. 〞Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes At huge risk, Henson and his wife set off with their four children. Two weeks later, starving and exhausted, the family reached Cincinnati, where they made contact with members of the Underground Railroad. “Carefully they provided for our welfare, and then they set us thirty miles on our way by wagon.〞 The Hensons continued north, arriving at last in Buffalo, N. Y. There a friendly captain pointed across the Niagara River. “‘Do you see those trees?’ he said. ‘They grow on free soil.’〞 He gave Henson a dollar and arranged for a boat, which carried the slave and his family across the river to Canada.D R _ Text 14Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes “I threw myself on the ground, rolled in the sand and danced around, till, in the eyes of several who were present, I passed for a madman. ‘He’s some crazy fellow,’ said a Colonel Warren.〞 “‘Oh, no! Don’t you know? I’m free!’〞 D R _ Text 15Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ Sentence 1 _ Josiah Henson was …Paraphrase the sentence.Josiah Henson observed/followed moral principles. Josiah Henson was a man of principle.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ Sentence 2 _ I had traveled …1. Who was Moses?In the Old Testament, Moses was the Hebrew prophet and lawgiver who led the Israelites out of Egypt.I had traveled here to Henson’s last home — now a historic site that Carter formerly directed — to learn more about a man who was, in many ways, an African-American Moses. 2. Why was Henson called an African-American Moses?Henson, a black who lived in America, helped other blacks escape from the US. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ Sentence 3 _ Josiah Henson is …Josiah Henson is but one name on a long list of courageous men and women who together forged the Underground Railroad, What is the part of speech of butbut in this sentence?And what does butbut mean? Here but is an adverb, which means “only〞. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ Sentence 5 _ Eventually he saved …Translate the sentence into Chinese.后来他终于靠这门手艺攒够钱赎回了自由。

后来他终于靠这门手艺攒够钱赎回了自由Eventually he saved enough money working at this trade on the side to buy his freedom. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ Sentence 5 _ Eventually he saved …Paraphrase the sentence.In Kentucky, where he was now headed, there was a $1000 reward for his capture, dead or alive. In Kentucky, anyone who captured him, no matter he was dead or alive, would be rewarded $1000 and now he was going to Kentucky. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ Sentence 7 _ There was room …There was room for all but two. What does but mean? What is the part of speech of but in this sentence?Here but is a preposition, which means “except〞. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ Sentence 8 _ The others made …1. What does made it mean?Make it means “succeed in doing something〞. Here made it means “arrived (at the Ohio shore)〞. The others made it to the Ohio shore, where Parker hurriedly arranged for a wagon to take them to the next “station〞 on the Underground Railroad — the first leg of their journey to safety in Canada. 2. What does leg mean?Leg means “a stage of a journey or course〞. For example, the last leg of the flight (飞行中的最后一段路程). Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ Sentence 8 _ The others made …What is a Quaker?Levi Coffin, a Quaker raised in North Carolina, A Quaker is any member of the Society of Friends, a religious group established in England in the 1650s by George Fox. They were originally called Quakers because members were thought to “quake〞 or shake with religious excitement. Quakers worship Christ without any formal ceremony or fixed beliefs, and their meetings often involve silent thought or prayer. They are strongly opposed to violence and war, and are active in education and charity work. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ Sentence 9 _ Making the best …1. What does lot mean in this sentence? Making the best of his lot, Henson worked diligently and rose far in his owner’s regard.Lot means “one’s fortune in life, fate〞. 2. Paraphrase “rose far in his owner’s regard〞. He was regarded highly by his owner. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ breeze 1breeze: n. a gentle wind A gentle breeze blew over the garden. 凉爽清新的微风凉爽清新的微风a cool, refreshing breeze All of the following words are related to wind. Can you match them with their definitions?NB:Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroeshurricaneD R _ word _ breeze 2a strong, abrupt rush of wind a very strong wind a severe tropical cyclone, usu. involving heavy rainsa rotating column of air gustgale tornadoSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ slender 11. (of people) slim; not very wide but comparatively long or highslender fingers slender: adj. 2. (of things) slight; inadequate 有苗条身材的女子有苗条身材的女子 a woman with a slender figure a slender waist 渺茫的希望渺茫的希望slender hopes a slender income Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ slender 2slender, thin & slim这几个词都有细小、瘦弱之意。

这几个词都有细小、瘦弱之意slender 主要表示苗条之瘦，往往含有瘦得好看或匀称主要表示苗条之瘦，往往含有瘦得好看或匀称 的意思例如：的意思例如：CF:Film actress Zhang Ziyi is a slender woman. 电影演员章子怡身材苗条电影演员章子怡身材苗条When the wind blows, the slender tree bends but never breaks. 起风时，细长的树常被吹弯但决不会被吹断起风时，细长的树常被吹弯但决不会被吹断 Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ slender 3thin 表示人或物的直径与长度的比例较小例如：表示人或物的直径与长度的比例较小例如： CF:People usually get thinner after an illness. 生病后，人们通常变得瘦一些。

生病后，人们通常变得瘦一些This metal may be thin but is of great strength. 这种金属虽然很薄，但强度却很高这种金属虽然很薄，但强度却很高slim 用于指人与动物时，其含义与 slender 相同，但 在引申意义上却侧重于贫乏和缺乏状态例如：As a slim boy, he has now filled out. 他原是一个清瘦的男孩，现在胖多了他原是一个清瘦的男孩，现在胖多了To tell you the truth, your chances to pass the exam are too slim. 实话告诉你，你考试过关的希望实在是太小了实话告诉你，你考试过关的希望实在是太小了 Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ racialrelating to a person’s race, or to different races of peopleThere is a serious racial conflict in that African country. racial: adj. 他是种族歧视的牺牲者。

他是种族歧视的牺牲者He was a victim of racial discrimination. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ stand up forstand up for: speak, work, etc. in favor of sb./sth.; support sb./sthDon’t be afraid to stand up for your rights. 我所有的朋友都会支持我我所有的朋友都会支持我 All my friends will stand up for me. A soldier must stand up to the danger. 士兵必须敢于面对危险士兵必须敢于面对危险stand up to: to oppose fearlessly; to bear, to last你的论点根本经不起仔细检查你的论点根本经不起仔细检查Your argument just won’t stand up to close scrutiny. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ principle 1a rule or standard, especially of good behaviorI usually follow the principle that it is better not to get involved in other people’s quarrels.principle: n.She was a woman of principle.我们恪守人人都应受到公平对待的原那么。

我们恪守人人都应受到公平对待的原那么We adhere to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ principle 2Collocation：违反原那么违反原那么against one’s principle 作为原那么性问题作为原那么性问题 as a matter of principle 按照原那么，根据原那么按照原那么，根据原那么 by principle 有原那么的有原那么的 of principle 坚持原那么坚持原那么 adhere to one’s principles 抛弃原那么抛弃原那么 abandon one’s principles Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ historic 1historic: adj. famous or important in history a historic spot两位领导人的具有历史意义的会见两位领导人的具有历史意义的会见a historic meeting between the two leaders historic & historical这两个词都是形容词，都有“历史上的〞之意。

historic 泛指历史上有名的或富有历史意义的例如：CF:This change in government is a historic event of our times. 这项政府变革是当代具有历史意义的大事这项政府变革是当代具有历史意义的大事Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ historic 2The signing of The Declaration of Independence was a historic occasion. ? ?独立宣言独立宣言? ?的签署是具有历史意义的事件的签署是具有历史意义的事件historical 主要意思是属于历史的，历史上的，与历史主要意思是属于历史的，历史上的，与历史 有关的，真实的而不是传说中的例如：有关的，真实的而不是传说中的例如：CF:He gave all his historical papers to the library. 他把他所有的历史资料都赠送给这个图书馆。

他把他所有的历史资料都赠送给这个图书馆There is a historical society in our university. 我们大学有一个历史研究所我们大学有一个历史研究所Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ sitesite: n. place where a building, town, etc. was, is, or will be situated The site for the new factory has not been decided. 一所新的学校占据了工厂的旧址一所新的学校占据了工厂的旧址A new school occupies the site of the old factory. Collocation：历史古迹历史古迹 a historic site 建筑工地建筑工地 construction sites 战场的遗址战场的遗址 a battlefield site Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ mission 1mission: n. particular task or duty undertaken by an individual or a group代表团成功地完成了使命。

代表团成功地完成了使命The delegation completed its mission successfully. Mission accomplished. 任务已完成任务已完成 炸毁那座桥梁的任务未能完成炸毁那座桥梁的任务未能完成The mission to blow up the bridge failed. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ mission 2Collocation：执行任务执行任务 carry out / perform a mission 完成使命完成使命 fulfill a mission 取消一项任务取消一项任务cancel a mission Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ webweb: n. network of fine threads spun by a spider or some other spinning creature; complex series or networkThe spider is spinning a web. 铁路网铁路网a web of railroads 线网络线网络a web of telephone wires Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ liberateliberate: vt. set free解除心中偏见解除心中偏见liberate the mind from prejudice 把一个国家参军事控制中解放出来把一个国家参军事控制中解放出来liberate a country from a military control liberate people from povertyliberate sb. from economic worry Pattern: liberate sb. from sth. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ forgeforge: v. 1. create by means of much hard work他们和法国共产党建立了联系。

他们和法国共产党建立了联系They forged links with the French Communist Party. Their friendship was forged by shared adversity.2. make a forgery or counterfeit 伪造签名伪造签名forge a signature He got the money dishonestly, by forging his brother’s signature on a check.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ authorizeauthorize: vt. give approval or permission for (sth.); give authority toI have authorized him to act for me during my absence. 主任允许我们在实验室工作。

主任允许我们在实验室工作The director authorized us to work in the laboratory. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ exploit 1exploit:1. n. brave or adventurous deed or action歌颂某人的功绩歌颂某人的功绩sing sb.’s exploits Their heroic exploits will go down in history.他的战功使我感到惊异他的战功使我感到惊异His military exploits amazed me. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ exploit 22. vt. employ to the greatest possible advantage 充分发挥某人的才能充分发挥某人的才能exploit one’s talents 利用自己的朋友利用自己的朋友 exploit one’s friends 这家公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。

这家公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人The company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ be intent on doing sth. He was intent on the job he was doing. be intent on doing sth.: be eager and determined to do sth. 他决心去法国继续深造他决心去法国继续深造He is intent on going to France to continue his studies. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ peer 1peer: vi. She peered at him closely, as if not believing it could really be him.look closely or carefully, esp. as if unable to see well (followed by at/through/into, etc.)She peered through the mist, trying to find the right path.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ peer 2peer, gaze & stare这三个词都是动词，都有注视、凝视之意。

这三个词都是动词，都有注视、凝视之意peer 通常指半闭着眼睛看，并伴随着向前移动，含有通常指半闭着眼睛看，并伴随着向前移动，含有 好奇地看或难以看清的意味例如：好奇地看或难以看清的意味例如：CF:The old man peered at her over his spectacles. 老头儿从他的眼镜上方盯着她老头儿从他的眼镜上方盯着她Short-sighted people often peer at others when they are wearing no glasses. 近视眼的人不戴眼镜时常常眯着眼看人近视眼的人不戴眼镜时常常眯着眼看人The sleepy father got up and peered through a crack in the door to see who knocked at the door. 还未睡醒的父亲起了床，透过门缝眯着眼看是谁在敲门还未睡醒的父亲起了床，透过门缝眯着眼看是谁在敲门Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ peer 3gaze 指持久不停地看，通常有惊奇、羡慕、感慨等含 义。

例如： CF:All of us gazed at the beautiful view in the distance. 我们都凝视着远方美丽的景色我们都凝视着远方美丽的景色For two hours Tom sat gazing out of the window. 两个小时过去了，汤姆一直坐着凝视着窗外两个小时过去了，汤姆一直坐着凝视着窗外stare 指出于好奇、惊讶、茫然或赞叹等原因而瞪大眼指出于好奇、惊讶、茫然或赞叹等原因而瞪大眼 睛长时间、直接地注视例如：睛长时间、直接地注视例如：The woman stared at the stranger in astonishment. 那个女人吃惊地盯着陌生人那个女人吃惊地盯着陌生人It is very impolite to stare at other people. 死死盯着他人是极不礼貌的死死盯着他人是极不礼貌的Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ on the sideon the side:He is a teacher, but he makes a little money on the side by repairing cars in his free time.as an additional job or source of income; secretly 他虽有妻室，但暗地里还有一个女朋友。

他虽有妻室，但暗地里还有一个女朋友He’s married but he has a girlfriend on the side.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ capturecapture:He was released yesterday, six months after his capture by the terrorists.1. n. the act of taking by force or of being taken by force2. v. take (a person or animal) as a prisoner She was captured trying to escape from the country. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ close in (on/around)close in (on/around):The people were trapped when the enemy army began to close in on them. come near to, esp. in order to attack from several directions; surroundNight is closing in. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ religiousreligious: adj. of religiona religious service 宗教仪式宗教仪式 宗教问题宗教问题a religious question Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ convictionconviction: n. She expressed her firm conviction that television was harmful to children.她坚信她是对的。

她坚信她是对的She had a firm conviction that she was right. firm opinion or belief Collocation：终身的信仰终身的信仰 a lifelong conviction 政治信念政治信念 political conviction 增强增强/ /加深某人的信念加深某人的信念……strengthen/deepen one’s conviction that … Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ imposeimpose: vt. 1. place (a penalty, tax, etc.) officially on sb./sth.New duties were imposed on wines and spirits. 征收进口税征收进口税impose a tax on imports 2. try to make sb. accept (an opinion or a belief) She imposed her ideas on the group. I must perform the task that has been imposed on me.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ transporttransport: vt. take sth./sb. from one place to another in a vehicleIt took all day to transport the furniture to the new apartment. The goods were transported by train. 公共汽车把我们从机场送到城市。

公共汽车把我们从机场送到城市A bus transported us from the airport to the city. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ disguisedisguise: vt. give sb./sth. a false appearance He disguised himself as a woman. The soldiers disguised themselves by wearing white garments in the snow. 这一事实是无法隐瞒的这一事实是无法隐瞒的It is impossible to disguise the fact. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ abolishabolish: vt. end the existence of (a law, custom, system, etc.)The death penalty is to be abolished before the end of this year.废除奴隶制废除奴隶制abolish slavery 坏的风俗应当废除。

坏的风俗应当废除Bad customs should be abolished. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ compelcompel: vt. make (sb.) do sth.; forceDuty compelled the soldiers to volunteer for the mission. 大雨迫使我们呆在屋内大雨迫使我们呆在屋内The heavy rain compelled us to stay indoors. Collocation：强迫某人做某事强迫某人做某事compel sb. to do sth.不得不〔做〕不得不〔做〕be compelled to (do)Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ at riskat risk: threatened by the possibility of loss, failure, etc.; in dangerThe disease is spreading, and all children under five are at risk.Collocation：无论冒什么危险；无论如何无论冒什么危险；无论如何at all risks (=at any risk)冒冒……之险；不顾之险；不顾……之风险之风险at the risk of Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ starvestarve: v. (cause a person or an animal to) suffer severely or die from hungerstarve to death What’s for dinner? I’m starving! 晚饭吃什么晚饭吃什么? ? 我饿死了我饿死了! ! starve for news 渴望消息渴望消息She’s lonely, and starving for companionship. 她很寂寞，渴望友谊。

她很寂寞，渴望友谊Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesD R _ word _ pass forpass for: appear like; be accepted or looked upon as (same as pass as)He can pass for a Frenchman. I can’t imagine how this place passes for a five-star hotel.他被认为是个医生他被认为是个医生He passes for a doctor. 他被误认为是个有学问的人他被误认为是个有学问的人He passes for a learned man. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ mainUseful ExpressionsListening and Speaking Problem Solving Writing Practice Sentence TranslationProverbs and QuotationsTalk about the Pictures Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ Writing Practice _ main 　　　　　　　　Writing PracticeA Brief IntroductionHomework A SampleSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ Useful Expressions 1Useful ExpressionsUseful Expressions 1. 微风微风 a gentle breeze 2. 支持支持 stand up for3. 有原那么的人 a man of principle 4. 历史遗迹历史遗迹 a historic site5. 解放奴隶解放奴隶 liberate slaves 6. 决定要做某事决定要做某事 be intent on doing sth. 7. 轻轻的敲门声轻轻的敲门声 a soft knock Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ Useful Expressions 2iron molding spread the news religious convictions find refuge next leg of the journey principal routesface risks 8. 铸铁铸铁 9. 传播消息传播消息10. 宗教信仰宗教信仰 11. 寻得庇护寻得庇护12. 下一段行程下一段行程 13. 主要路线主要路线 14. 面临危险面临危险 Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ Useful Expressions 315. 课以罚金课以罚金 impose a fine 16. 记录记录 keep a log of 17. 路标路标 road signs 18. 出殡队伍出殡队伍 a funeral procession 19. 未开垦的土地未开垦的土地 a virgin land20. 在〔某人〕看来 in the eyes of (sb.)Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesListen to the personal account of runaway slave Linda Brent and answer the following questions.A R _ Listen and Answer 1Listening and SpeakingListening and Speaking Peter took me in his boat and raised me on board. About four o’clock, we rowed three miles to the swamp ( (沼沼泽泽) ). My great fear of snakes had been increased by the bite I had received. But I was in no situation to choose, and I gratefully accepted the best that my poor friends could do for me. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ Listen and Answer ２２ A very small garret ( (顶顶楼楼) ) was between the boards and the roof. The garret was only nine feet long and seven feet wide. The air was stifling ( (沉沉闷闷的的) ); the darkness total. The rats and mice ran over my bed. It seemed horrible to sit or lie in a cramped ( (狭狭促促的的) ) position day after day, without one gleam ( (光光线线) ) of light. Yet I would have chosen this, rather than my lot as a slave ... After seven years in my tiny and dark hiding place, I finally secured a passage to New York in a boat with the help of my friends and family. However, I was rather disappointed when I got to New York: It made me sad to Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ Listen and Answer ３３find the north followed the customs of slavery. We were carried away in a large, rough car. It was crowded with people. Screaming and kicking babies were on the beds. The fumes of the whiskey and the dense tobacco smoke were sickening to my senses. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ Listen and Answer ４４1. What were Linda’s biggest fears?She feared that the snakes might bite her. 2. What conditions did she have to endure? She had to endure the cramped garret, the rats, the stifling air and the darkness. 3. Why was she disappointed with what she found in New York?It made her sad to find the north followed the customs of slavery. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ Problem Solving １１ Problem Solving Problem Solving If you had been free individuals living at the time, do you think you would have assisted in helping the slaves to freedom? Consider the pros and cons of your decisions, including the dangers to yourselves if you were to help. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesThe first place you should go to conduct research is the library. University libraries, especially those on research-based campuses, are great resources. You should begin your research by searching the library catalogs for books and journals that relate to your topic. A R _ A Brief Introduction 1A Brief IntroductionA Brief Introduction One of the most difficult parts of writing about complex and serious topics is actually doing the research. The following guidelines might be helpful for you to get the information in the most efficient way possible.Step 1Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesStep 2 Once you’ve found your written sources, start searching online databases for electronic copies of scholarly journals. Databases like JSTOR and Science Direct contain a wealth of information that may be relevant to your topic. Step 3 If you still need more sources after you’ve dug through the databases, use Google Scholar. While you’re less likely to find full-text articles this way, the abstracts of articles that you find can be very useful. Some information may be the same as what you’ll find in the databases, but you may find that you’re coming across new sources.A R _ A Brief Introduction 2Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ A Brief Introduction 3Step 4 The last place that you should go to get resources for your research paper is to general search sites, such as Google or Yahoo. Very few of the results that these sites return will be suitable for inclusion in your source list. However, many websites do contain useful statistics or articles that you can use to improve your research paper.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ Homework 1HomeworkHomework Suppose you are an American and an advocate of the civil rights movement in the U.S. You are now invited to speak for about three minutes to a group of overseas students about the movement. Write a speech script which should cover the following points:(1) (2)When were the first black people brought to America? How were they treated in the new land?How did black Americans live in the U.S. after slavery ended?Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ Homework 2(3) (4)(5)What gave rise to the civil rights movement? Who was its leader?What has the civil rights movement helped to bring about?Why is it believed that much remains to be done before black Americans enjoy full equality?Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ The Civil Rights Movement in the U.S. 1The Civil Rights Movement in the U.S.The Civil Rights Movement in the U.S. The first Africans in America arrived in 1619. By 1640, Maryland became the first colony to institutionalize slavery. In 1860, the election of Abraham Lincoln as President led to the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War. The progress of the war produced The Emancipation Proclamation freeing slaves, and ultimately ended slavery in the United States. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes Even though the slavery ended, racial segregation persisted. For example, public facilities and government services such as education were divided into separate “white〞 and “colored〞 domains. Those for colored were underfunded and of inferior quality. The Civil Rights Movement was a struggle against racial oppression and prejudice. It was at a peak from 1955 to 1965. Rosa Parks was arrested for sitting in the “wrong〞 part of the bus. She worked with civil rights organizations to start the Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped end segregation on buses in the South. Mary McLeod Bethune created A R _ The Civil Rights Movement in the U.S. 2Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroescreated schools for black students and worked with several U.S. presidents to make sure all children receive a good education. Martin Luther King gave his famous “I Have a Dream〞 speech and led the Montgomery Bus Boycott. One important achievement of the Civil Rights Movement was the passage of Civil Rights Act of 1964, which banned discrimination based on race, color, religion, national origin in employment practices and public accommodations. Forty years after the civil rights era, the United States remains, in some area, a residentially segregated society. A R _ The Civil Rights Movement in the U.S. 3Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ The Civil Rights Movement in the U.S. 4society. Small businesses in black neighborhoods still receive fewer loans. Recent studies show that groups of homeowners of all races tend to self-segregate in order to be with people of the same education level and race. Today, many whites are willing, and are able, to pay a premium to live in a white neighborhood. Therefore, it is believed that much remains to be done before full and complete equality is achieved. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ Sentence Translation 1Sentence TranslationSentence Translation 1. Carter’s devotion to her ancestor is about more than personal pride: it is about family honor. 卡特对其先辈的忠诚不仅仅关乎一己之骄傲，而且卡特对其先辈的忠诚不仅仅关乎一己之骄傲，而且关乎家族荣誉。

关乎家族荣誉2. As the boat slid across the river, Parker watched helplessly as the pursuers closed in around the men he was forced to leave behind.小船徐徐驶向对岸，帕克眼睁睁地看着追捕者把他小船徐徐驶向对岸，帕克眼睁睁地看着追捕者把他被迫留下的人团团围住被迫留下的人团团围住Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ Sentence Translation 23. I threw myself on the ground, rolled in the sand and danced around, till, in the eyes of several who were present, I passed for a madman. 我扑倒在地，在沙土里打滚，手舞足蹈，最后，在我扑倒在地，在沙土里打滚，手舞足蹈，最后，在场的那几个人都认定我是疯子。

场的那几个人都认定我是疯子4. 我步出这幢两层小屋，微风轻轻拂过加拿大平原我步出这幢两层小屋，微风轻轻拂过加拿大平原A gentle breeze swept the Canadian plains as I stepped outside the small two-story house.5. 中心方案于2004年在辛辛那提市对外开放The center is scheduled to open in 2004 in Cincinnati.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ Sentence Translation 36. 黑人去当乘务员常常是由本人痛苦的经历所激发，而那些白人那么往往是受了宗教信仰的感召While black conductors were often motivated by their own painful experiences, whites were commonly driven by religious convictions.7. 许多黑奴在夜色掩护下赶路，有时脸上涂着厚厚的白粉。

许多黑奴在夜色掩护下赶路，有时脸上涂着厚厚的白粉Many slaves traveled under cover of night, their faces sometimes caked with white powder.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesTalk about the Pictures Talk about the Pictures Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ Proverbs and Quotations 1Proverbs and QuotationsProverbs and Quotations1. Give me liberty, or give me death.不自由，毋宁死。

不自由，毋宁死2. A new breeze is blowing — and a nation refreshed by freedom stands ready to push on: there is new ground to be broken, and new action to be taken.— George Bush, American president一阵新风正在吹来一阵新风正在吹来————为自由鼓励的民族随时准备为自由鼓励的民族随时准备前进：开拓新的道路，采取新的行动前进：开拓新的道路，采取新的行动————美国总统美国总统 G. G. 布什布什Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ Proverbs and Quotations 23. A man is either free or he is not. There cannot be any apprenticeship for freedom.— I. A. Baraka, French writer人要么是自由的，要么是不自由的，从来就不存在人要么是自由的，要么是不自由的，从来就不存在过渡阶段。

过渡阶段————法国作家法国作家 I. A. 巴拉卡巴拉卡 Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ Proverbs and Quotations 34. Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? — Patrick Henry, American revolutionary难道生命如此珍贵，和平如此甜美，以至于不惜以难道生命如此珍贵，和平如此甜美，以至于不惜以枷锁和奴役为代价来换取吗？枷锁和奴役为代价来换取吗？————美国革命家美国革命家 P. P. 亨利亨利Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesA R _ Proverbs and Quotations 45. Liberty, when it begins to take root, is a plant of rapid growth.— George Washington, Father of the United States自由一旦生根，便是棵迅猛生长的植物。

自由一旦生根，便是棵迅猛生长的植物————美国国父美国国父 G. 华盛顿华盛顿Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ mainCulture NotesReadingComprehension TasksSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Culture Notes _ mainCulture NotesWho Is Rosa Parks?An Interview with Rosa ParksNAACP Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Comprehension Task _ mainComprehension TaskA Video ClipDiscussionSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesB R _ Who Is Rosa Parks 1Who Is Rosa Parks?Who Is Rosa Parks? Rosa Parks, the “mother of the civil rights movement〞 was one of the most important citizens of the 20th century. Mrs. Parks was a seamstress in Montgomery, Alabama when, in December of 1955, she refused to give up her seat on a city bus to make room for a white passenger. The bus driver had her arrested. She was tried and convicted of violating a local ordinance. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Who Is Rosa Parks 2 Her act sparked a citywide boycott of the bus system by blacks that lasted more than a year. The boycott resulted in the U.S. Supreme Court decision outlawing segregation on city buses. Over the next four decades, she helped make her fellow Americans aware of the history of the civil rights struggle. This pioneer in the struggle for racial equality was the recipient of innumerable honors, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Her example remains an inspiration to freedom-loving people everywhere. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Who Is Rosa Parks _ pic1Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Who Is Rosa Parks _ pic2Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Who Is Rosa Parks _ pic3Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ An Interview with Rosa Parks 1An Interview with Rosa ParksAn Interview with Rosa Parks Question: What people inspired you as a child? Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ An Interview with Rosa Parks 2Question: Could you tell us exactly what happened that day on that Montgomery bus?Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ An Interview with Rosa Parks 3 My mother was a teacher in a little school, and she believed in freedom and equality for people, and did not have the notion that we were supposed to live as we did, under legally enforced racial segregation. She didn’t believe in it. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ An Interview with Rosa Parks 4 I was arrested on December 1st, 1955 for refusing to stand up on the orders of the bus driver, after the white seats had been occupied in the front. And of course, I was not in the front of the bus as many people have written and spoken that I was — that I got on the bus and took the front seat, but I did not. I took a seat that was just back of where the white people were sitting, in fact, the last seat. A man was next to the window, and I took an aisle seat and there were two women across. We went on undisturbed until about the second or third stop when some white people boarded the Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ An Interview with Rosa Parks 5bus and left one man standing. And when the driver noticed him standing, he told us to stand up and let him have those seats. He referred to them as front seats. And when the other three people — after some hesitancy — stood up, he wanted to know if I was going to stand up, and I was not. And he told me he would have me arrested. And I told him he may do that. And of course, he did. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ NAACP 1NAACPNAACP The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, usually abbreviated as NAACP, is one of the oldest and most influential civil rights organizations in the United States. Its mission is “to ensure the political, educational, social, and economic equality of rights of all persons and to eliminate racial hatred and racial discrimination〞. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesRosa Parks: the Mother of the American Rosa Parks: the Mother of the American Civil Rights MovementCivil Rights MovementNancy Steinbach Until the 1960’s, black people in many parts of the United States did not have the same civil rights as white people. Laws in the American South kept the two races separate. These laws forced black people to attend separate schools, live in separate areas of a city and sit in separate areas on a bus.S R _ Reading _ text 1Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes On December 1, 1955, in the southern city of Montgomery, Alabama, a forty-two year old black woman got on a city bus. The law at that time required black people seated in one area of the bus to give up their seats to white people who wanted them. The woman refused to do this and was detained for this offense. This act of peaceful disobedience started protests in Montgomery that eventually led to legal changes in minority rights, ushering in a new era of the civil rights movement in the United States. The woman who started it was Rosa Parks. S R _ Reading _ text 2Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ text 3 She was born Rosa Louise McCauley in 1913 in Tuskegee, Alabama. She attended local schools until she was eleven years old. Then she was sent to school in Montgomery. She left high school early to care for her sick grandmother, then to care for her mother. She did not finish high school until she was twenty-one. Rosa married Raymond Parks in 1932. He was a barber. He was also a civil rights activist. Together, they worked for the local group of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. In 1943, Mrs. Parks became an officer in the group and later its youth leader.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ text 4 Rosa Parks worked as a seamstress in Montgomery from the 1930’s until 1955. Then she became a representation of freedom for millions of African-Americans. In much of the American South in the 1950’s, the first rows of seats on city buses were for white people only. Black people sat in the back of the bus. Both groups could sit in a middle area. However, black people sitting in that part of the bus were expected to leave their seats if a white person wanted to sit there.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes Rosa Parks and three other black people were seated in the middle area of the bus when a white person got on the bus and wanted a seat. The bus driver demanded that all four black people leave their seats so the white person would not have to sit next to any of them. The three other blacks got up, but Mrs. Parks refused. She was arrested. Some popular stories about that incident include the statement that Rosa Parks refused to leave her seat because her feet were tired. But she herself said in later years that this was false. What she was really tired of, she said, was accepting unequal treatment. She explained later that this seemed to be the place for her to stop being pushed around and to find out what human rights she had, if any. S R _ Reading _ text 5Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ text 6 A group of black activist women in Montgomery was known as the Women’s Political Council. The group was working to oppose the mistreatment of black bus passengers. Blacks had been arrested and even killed for violating orders from bus drivers. Rosa Parks was not the first black person to refuse to give up a seat on the bus for a white person. But black groups in Montgomery considered her to be the right citizen around whom to build a protest because she was one of the finest citizens of the city. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ text 7 The women’s group immediately called for all blacks in the city to refuse to ride on city buses on the day of Mrs. Parks’s trial, Monday, December fifth. The result was that forty thousand people walked and used other transportation on that day. That night, at meetings throughout the city, blacks in Montgomery agreed to continue to boycott the city buses until their mistreatment stopped. They also demanded that the city hire black bus drivers and that anyone be permitted to sit in the middle of the bus and not have to get up for anyone else.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ text 8 The Montgomery bus boycott continued for 381 days. It was led by local black leader E.D. Nixon and a young black minister, Martin Luther King, Junior. Similar protests were held in other southern cities. Finally, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled on Mrs. Parks’s case. It made racial separation illegal on city buses. That decision came on November 13, 1956, almost a year after Mrs. Parks’s arrest. The boycott in Montgomery ended the day after the court order arrived, December twentieth.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Junior had started a movement of non-violent protest in the South. That movement changed civil rights in the United States forever. Martin Luther King became its famous spokesman, but he did not live to see many of the results of his work. Rosa Parks did. Life became increasingly difficult for Rosa Parks and her family after the bus boycott. She was dismissed from her job and could not find another. So the Parks family left Montgomery. They moved first to Virginia, then to Detroit, Michigan. Mrs. Parks worked as a seamstress until 1965. Then, Michigan Representative John Conyers gave her a job working in his congressional office in Detroit. She retired from that job in 1988.S R _ Reading _ text 9Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes Through the years, Rosa Parks continued to work for the NAACP and appeared at civil rights events. She was a quiet woman and often seemed uneasy with her fame. But she said that she wanted to help people, especially young people, to make useful lives for themselves and to help others. In 1987, she founded the Rosa and Raymond Parks Institute for Self-Development to improve the lives of black children. Rosa Parks received two of the nation’s highest honors for her civil rights activism. In 1996, President Clinton honored her with the Presidential Medal of Freedom. And in 1999, she received the Congressional Gold Medal of Honor.S R _ Reading _ text 10Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes In her later years, Rosa Parks was often asked how much relations between the races had improved since the civil rights laws were passed in the 1960’s. She thought there was still a long way to go. Yet she remained the face of the movement for racial equality in the United States. Rosa Parks died on October 24, 2005. She was ninety-two years old. Her body lay in honor in the United States Capitol building in Washington. She was the first American woman to be so honored. Thirty thousand people walked silently past her body to show their respect.S R _ Reading _ text 11Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes Representative Conyers spoke about what this woman of quiet strength meant to the nation. He said: “There are very few people who can say their actions and conduct changed the face of the nation. Rosa Parks is one of those individuals.〞S R _ Reading _ text 12Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ detaindetain: vt. force (sb.) officially to stay in a placeSeveral of the injured were detained overnight in hospital.Two suspects have been detained by the police for questioning.警方已经对两个嫌疑犯进行拘留审问。

警方已经对两个嫌疑犯进行拘留审问Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ lead tolead to: cause (sth.) to happen or cause (sb.) to do sth.Reducing speed limits should lead to fewer deaths on the roads.the events that led to the start of the First World War导致第一次世界大战爆发的事件导致第一次世界大战爆发的事件Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ legallegal: adj. allowed or done according to the law; connected with the lawyour legal rightsWhat the company has done is perfectly legal.公司所做的事情完全合法。

公司所做的事情完全合法Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ usher inusher in: cause (sth. new) to startThe discovery of oil ushered in an era of employment and prosperity.石油的发现开创了一个高就业和繁荣的时代石油的发现开创了一个高就业和繁荣的时代Yesterday’s match between the Huston Rockets and Los Angeles Lakers ushered in the start of the new NBA season.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ activistactivist: n. sb. who works to achieve social or political change environmental activists环境保护主义者环境保护主义者The firm has been targeted by animal rights activists.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ advancementadvancement: n.progress or development in one’s job or in one’s social position她只对自己事业的开展感兴趣。

她只对自己事业的开展感兴趣All she was interested in was the advancement of her own career.advancements in scienceSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ representationrepresentation: n. sth. that represents 画里的钟象征着时间的流逝画里的钟象征着时间的流逝The clock in the painting is a symbolic representation of the passage of time.Children get no representation in most countries.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ arrestarrest: vt. seize with the authority of the lawThe police arrested her for drinking and driving.He was arrested and charged with murder.他被逮捕并被指控谋杀。

他被逮捕并被指控谋杀Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ be tired ofbe tired of: become bored with (sb. or sth.) I’m tired of watching television; let’s go for a walk.Luke was soon tired of his new toy.卢克很快就对他的新玩具感到厌倦了卢克很快就对他的新玩具感到厌倦了Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ push (sb.) about / aroundpush (sb.) about/around: tell (sb.) what to do in an impolite or threatening wayHe sometimes felt his boss was trying to push him around.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ opposeoppose: vt. disagree with (sth.) and try to prevent (it) from happening Most of the local residents opposed the closing of their hospital.The Church strongly opposes same-sex marriage.教会强烈反对同性结婚。

教会强烈反对同性结婚Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ trialtrial: n.a legal process in which a court of law decides whether or not sb. is guilty of a crimeThe trial is due to take place next month.A man from Seattle is on trial for the murder.一个来自西雅图的男人正因谋杀罪受审一个来自西雅图的男人正因谋杀罪受审Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ transportationtransportation: n.a system or method for carrying passengers or goods from one place to anotherThe price includes air transportation, hotels, and some meals.The city needs to improve its public transportation.这个城市需要改进公共交通。

这个城市需要改进公共交通Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ throughoutthroughout: prep.in every part of (sth.); during the whole period of (sth.)The H1N1 flu spread rapidly throughout the world.Thanksgiving is celebrated throughout the U.S.整个美国都庆祝感恩节整个美国都庆祝感恩节Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ boycottboycott:1. v. refuse to buy, use, or take part in (sth.) as a way of protestingThe union called on its members to boycott the meeting.We boycott all products tested on animals.我们抵抗所有用动物做实验的产品。

我们抵抗所有用动物做实验的产品2. n. the act or an instance of boycottingA boycott of/against goods from the EU (European Union) began in June.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ spokesmanspokesman: n.sb. who has been chosen to speak officially for a group, organization, government, etc. (also spokesperson, spokeswoman)a spokesman for the victims’ familiesa White House spokesman白宫发言人白宫发言人Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ representativerepresentative: n.sb. who is chosen to do things, speak, vote, etc. for sb. elseHe is an elected representative of the school.The firm has two representatives in every European city.这家公司在每个欧洲城市都有两个代表。

这家公司在每个欧洲城市都有两个代表Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ famefame: n. the state of being known about by a lot of people because of one’s achievementsJackson won/achieved/gained fame as a singer before she became an actress.At that time, the Beatles were at the height of their fame.在那时，甲壳虫乐队处于他们的名誉巅峰在那时，甲壳虫乐队处于他们的名誉巅峰Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ equalityequality: n.a situation in which people have the same rights, status, etc.Women have yet to achieve full equality with men in the workplace.All people have the right to equality of opportunity.所有人都享有时机平等的权利。

所有人都享有时机平等的权利Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ word _ lie in honor / in statelie in honor/state: (dead body of an important person) be put in a public place so that people can go and look at it to show respectHe lay on the marble slab in the centre of the tiny chapel like a king lying in state.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ This act of ...This act of peaceful disobedience started protests in Montgomery that eventually led to legal changes in minority rights, ushering in a new era of the civil rights movement in the United States.Translate the sentence into Chinese.这一和平的不服从行为在蒙哥马利引发了抗议，最终使这一和平的不服从行为在蒙哥马利引发了抗议，最终使少数民族权利在法律上发生了变化，开创了美国民权运少数民族权利在法律上发生了变化，开创了美国民权运动的新时代。

动的新时代Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ She explained ...She explained later that this seemed to be the place for her to stop being pushed around and to find out what human rights she had, if any.Translate the sentence into Chinese.后来她解释说，这儿似乎是她结束受人摆布，弄清她究后来她解释说，这儿似乎是她结束受人摆布，弄清她究竟有何人权的地方，如果她真享有人权的话竟有何人权的地方，如果她真享有人权的话Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ But black groups ...But black groups in Montgomery considered her to be the right citizen around whom to build a protest because she was one of the finest citizens of the city.Translate the sentence into Chinese.但是，蒙哥马利的黑人团体认为应该团结在她周围组织但是，蒙哥马利的黑人团体认为应该团结在她周围组织抗议活动，她是适合担此重任的公民，因为她是该市最抗议活动，她是适合担此重任的公民，因为她是该市最优秀的公民之一。

优秀的公民之一Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ Reading _ He said: “There ...He said: “There are very few people who can say their actions and conduct changed the face of the nation. Rosa Parks is one of those individuals.〞Translate the sentence into Chinese.他说：他说：“ “只有极少人能说自己的行动和行为改变了国家只有极少人能说自己的行动和行为改变了国家的面貌罗莎的面貌罗莎• •帕克就是那些人中的一个〞帕克就是那些人中的一个〞Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ A Video Clip 1A Video ClipA Video ClipWatch the video clip and fill in the form with information about Rosa Parks.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ A Video Clip 2Her job Seamstress Montgomery, AlabamaSecretary of local Chapter of the NAACPShe refused to give up her seat for a white man.“You may go and do so.〞She was arrested.Place where she lived Her function in the NAACP What she replied when the bus driver threatened her? What she decided to do one day on her way home from work by bus? What happened to her consequently? Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ A Video Clip 3DiscussionDiscussion A recently released report on sex discrimination by the Centre for Women’s Law and Legal Services at Beijing University has revealed the extent of sex-based discrimination in the workplace in China. The report is based on a survey of 3,000 respondents. Almost one-quarter of all people surveyed said they believed they had been refused employment due to sex-based discrimination; 23.6% of those surveyed said they had been passed over for a job because of their female sex.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesS R _ A Video Clip 4 The report concluded that female workers occupied a lower position in the general employment structure: 76.4% of those surveyed worked in education, medical services, scientific research, sales, advertising, marketing, restaurant and manufacturing sectors. Only 11.8%, 2.2% and 11.2% worked respectively in government, the legal or auditing/accounting sectors.Do you feel or know of any sex discrimination in your life? What are your views on this subject?。