八年级英语重点知识整理.doc

英语重点知识整理Chapter1重点短语：1、pourinto倒入2、twolitersofwater两升水3、flowinto流入4、turnon\offthetap开关水龙头5、twothirds三分之二6、lookaround\round四周看7、nodoneshead点头8、shakeoneshead摇头同义短语：1、inthefirstplace=atfirst=inthebeginning首先；起初2 、bevaluable=beofgreatvalue宝贵的3、obeytherules=followtherules遵守规则知识要点：1、Itbe+形容词+forsb.todosth.对某人来说做什么怎么样E.g.Itsdifficultformetoplaybasketballwell.3 感官动词：sound,feel,look,smell,taste+形容词E.g.Thissongsoundsgood.4 remembertodosth记得去做E.g.Remembertoturnoffthelightwhenyouleave.拓展：rememberdoingsth记得做过forgetdoingsth.忘记做过forgettodosth.忘记去做4、until直到才E.g.Ileftuntil5o'clock.5、spend(spent)on花费pay(paid)for付款E.g.Ispenttwentyyuanonthebook.Ipaidtwentyyuanforthebook.语法：Therebe句型Thereis+单数不可数(alotof,some,little,much,alittle,no)Thereare+复数(alotof,some,afew,few,no,many)Howmuch+单数不可数Howmany+复数同义句:1、Lilyfroze.Lilywasfrightenedandstoppedmovingsuddenly.2、Ispent20yuanonthebook.Ipaid20yuanforthebook.3、Iwaiteduntilyoucalledme.Ididn'tleaveuntilyoucalledme.4、Wecleaneduptheclassroomthismorning.Wemadetheclassroomcleanthismorning.5、Watercomesfromtheseainthefirstplace.Watercomesfromtheseaatfirst.6、Oxygenisvaluable.Oxygenisofgreatvalue.Chapter2重点短语：1、holdameeting开会2、millionsof数百万的3、decidetodosth.决定做某事4、askfor请求5、takenote做笔记6、voteforsb.投票给某人7、inoneweek'stime一周以后8、takepartin参力口同义短语：1、takechargeof=beresponsiblefor=beinchargeof负责2、ought(not)to=should(not)(不)应该3、consider=think(thought)about考虑4、consider=finish完成5lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.=borrowsth.fromsb.6、briefly=inafewwords简单的7、 takeover=discuss讨论知识要点：1、hold(held)举行holdameeting=haveameetingE.g.Weheldameetinglastweek.2、decidetodosth.决定做某事makeadecision做决定E.g.Idecidedtogetupearlyeveryday.3、suggestv.建议suggestionn.advisev.建议advicen.用法：suggestdoingsth.advisetodosth.4、free免费的befreeto对免费E.g.Thesenewspapersarefreetopeople.扩展：free空闲的反义词:busy忙碌5、whatabout\howabout怎么样常用来征求对方的看法或意见，后面可接名词、代词或动名词E.g.What\Howaboutplayingbasketball?语法：how\what用法How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语E.g.Howtallheis!What+名词或名词短语+主语+谓语E.g.Whatatallboyheis!转换：Sheisabeautifulgirl.Howbeautifulsheis!Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!注意：weather、fun、time不可数E.g.Whatniceweatheritis!同义句:1、Wemadeadecisiontohaveameetingnextweek.Wedecidedtohaveameetingnextweek.2、Theyconsideredthelastquestion.Theythoughtaboutthelastquestion.3、Timwasabsenttoday.Timwasnotheretoday.4、Arthurisresponsiblefortakingnotes.Arthurtakeschargeoftakingnotes.Arthurisinchargeoftakingnotes.5、Wearetalkingaboutthisquestionnow.Wearediscussingthisquestionnow.Chapter3重点短语：搜索信息寻找否认做某事1 .workas从事工作2.getinformation3 .protecttheinnocent保护无辜者4.lookfor5 .findtheguilty找到罪犯6.denydoingsth.7 .admit(to)doingsth.承认做某事8 .noticesb.doingsth.留意到•…正在做某事同义短语：把某物给某人看1. insteadof=inplaceof代替2. showsth.tosb.=showsb.sth.3. nolonger=notanylonger=not4. questionsb.=asksb.somequestionsanymore不再提问某人知识要点：1. alone(adv.)独自lonely(adj.)孤独的alone=byoneself=onone'sown独自E.g.Helivesalone,buthedoesn'tfeellonely.2. recent(adj.)最近的recently(adv.)最近地E.g.Pleasetellmeyourrecentlife.语法：动词不定式和动名词动词不定式：动词+todoE.g.Hewantstobeadoctorinthefuture.ShecametoBeijinglastyear.Iagreedtogowithhim.动名词:动词+doingE.g.Ienjoylisteningtothemusic.Headmittedstealingherpurse.Theysuggestedgoingtothepark.注思：1.大部分动词用动词不定式，少部分动词用动名词；2.1 et、make后面直接加do;3.有一些特殊动词不定式句子:MyfatherhelpsmelearnEnglish.Mr.Linletusfinishitbyourselves.IsawPeterenterthebank.IoftenhearLilysingsongs.Thebossmadetheworkerswork16hoursadaylastweek.句型：Its+adj.+todosth.E.g.It’stimetohavelunch.It’seasytogetfattoeattoomuchsweet.It'harmfultoyourhealthtosmokealot.同义句：7. WestudyEnglishaswellasChinese.WestudyEnglishandChinese.8. Igotoschoolbybusinsteadofbycar.Igotoschoolbybusinplaceofbycar.9. Heisnolongerastudent.Heisntastudentanylonger.Heisn’tastudentanymore.10. Thedetectivequestionedher.Thedetectiveaskedhersomequestions.Chapter4重点短语：1.inone'sopinion按某人的意见2.beunawareof不知道3.theanswerto的答案4.raiseaquestion提出问题1. .moreimportantly更重要的是2. .forthesereasons由于这些原因同义短语：1. tiny=verysmall极小的2. dependenton=relyon依赖于3. rarely=seldom很少4. hardlyever=seldom几乎不5. forthetimebeing=now暂时知识要点：5. operate=makesth.work操作拓展：operateonsb.给某人做手术6. beunawareof不知道E.g.Iamunawareof=Idontknow7. inonesopinion按某人的意见来看E.g.Inmyopinion,heisright.=Ithinkheisright.8. theanswerto(n.)的答案answer(v.)回答E.g.Theanswertothisquestionis24.Heanswersthequestion.语法：形容词的比较级和最高级构成：1.一般直接在形容词后加er\est1 .以e结尾直接加r\st2 .以辅音字母结尾加y,把y变i,加er\est3 .重读闭音节结尾，双写辅音字母，再加er\est4 .不规则(要熟记)、，、上~、、＞▲注思：(1)比较词前加much表示程度上的差别E.g.TonyismuchtallthanPeter.(2)最高级后面可用in,of,among等来说明比较范围E.g.1.Jingji100isthetallestbuildingintheShenzhen.（1） Thisappleisthebiggestofall.（2） Maryistheyoungestamongthem.Chapter5重点短语：1 .rushdown冲下2.runacompetition举办——个比赛2 .secondslater几秒种后4.bymidnight到了半夜5.exceptfor除了6.makejokesabout讲。