高中英语动词时态语态复习讲解.doc

第 1 页 共 10 页高中英语动词时态语态复习讲解高中英语动词时态语态复习讲解动词时态表、被动语态表、不定式动词时态表、被动语态表、不定式 动词时态表一般时态进行时态完成时态完成进行时态现在 writewritesamare writingishaswrittenhavehasbeen writinghave过去 wrotewaswritingwerehad writtenHad been writing将来 shallwritewillshallbe writingwillshallhave writtenwillshallhave been writingwill过去将来shouldWritewouldshouldbe writingwouldshouldhave writtenwouldshouldhave been writingwould不定式主动形式被动形式一般式to doto be done完成式to have doneto have been done进行式to be doing 完成进行式to have been doing 第 2 页 共 10 页被动语态表一般时态进行时态完成时态现在amis givenareamis being givenarehasbeen givenhave过去wasgivenwerewasbeing givenwerehad been given将来shallbe givenwillshallhave been givenwill过去将来shouldbe givenwouldshouldhave been givenwould动词的时态语态动词的时态语态1.时态 时态用法例示 现在习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存 在的状态，常与 usually, always, seldom, often, frequently, every day 等 时间状语连用We always care for each other and help each other. He sometimes stay up till midnight to catch up with others.主语现在的特征，性格和状态She is always ready to help others. -do you sing? –a little 客观规律，正确事实或科学真理，格 言以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在All the living things on the earth depend on the sun. Our teacher told us the earth goes round the sun. 在由连词 if, unless, before, as soon as, when, once, however 等引起的时间 （条件，让步）状语从句，需用一般 现在时表将来。

Even if it rains tomorrow, the sports meet will take place. However much advice you give him, he will do exactly what he wants.一般 现在 时安排，或计划要做的动作（有时间状 语）限于 begin, come, leave, go, arrive, open, start, stop, close, return 等 一类动词The plane takes off at 5:00 a.m.一般 过去表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态， 常与 yesterday, in 1996, two years ago The Great Wall came into being in 221BC.第 3 页 共 10 页,last month, the day before yesterday, the other day 等表示过去的时间状语 连用 过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的行 为，常与 every day, often, sometimes 等时间状语连用，used to , would 常 用来表示过去经常或反复发生的行为。

Would 不接表示认识或状态的词， 但 used to 不受限制When I was in the factory, I often worked in the workshop. We used to get up at five every morning when were at school. We would ask him for advice when we had trouble with our English. He used to like football when I was at middle school.过去发生的一系列动作The professor put one finger in his mouth, tasted it, and smiled with satisfaction. He said he would let us know if he got any news. He promised that he would buy some copies for us when he went there.在时间，条件，方式让步状语从句中 用一般过去时表过去将来时。

时语境中的过去时，往往表示“刚刚， 刚才， ”之意，暗示现在已“不再这 样”I didn’t know you bought the present for me.Shall/will +动词原形 1 单纯表将来 2 不用于条件句中 3 表必然的将来 4 表意愿，决心He will be thirty years old next year. If you will wait here, the manage will be back 10 mins later.Be going to 1 计划打算干 2, 客观迹象 预示Look at the clouds, there is going to be a storm. If you are going to do it, you had better do it well. Be on the point of /be about to 不与时 间状语连用，但可和 when 从句连用 Be to 1 预定要做 2 表示命令，禁止 应该 3 注定We are to finish the work before five this year. No one is to leave the cinema without the police’s police’s permission 瞬间动词的现在进行时表将来。

Go start, set out, leave , reach, arrive, return, come, move, take offThey are moving Nanjing for Guangzhou on Sunday.一般 将来 时祈使句/短语+and/or +主语+willWork hard and you’ll succeed A bit more effort, and you will succeed.将来 完成 时表示在将来的一个特定时刻将成为过 去的动作或该时刻刚刚结束的动作I shall have finished this one before lunch. I hope we'll have got the instructions (说明书) ready before you come tomorrow.Was/were going to过去 将来 时Was/were to Was about to Was/were + 现在分词 Was/were on the point of 表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发 生的动作Look! The boy is dozing off.表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段 正在进行的动作。

（说话时动作不一 定正在进行）How are you getting along with your English these days.现在 进行 时表示说话人对主语的行为表赞叹或厌The children are always making trouble.第 4 页 共 10 页恶 （常与 always, constantly, continually 等副词连用）She is always asking the same question.瞬间动词表将来 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在 进行的动作这一特定的过去时间， 除有上下文暗示外，一般和时间状语 连用 表示说话人对主语的行为表赞叹或厌 恶 （常与 always, constantly, continually 等副词连用） 瞬间动词表将来 描写故事的背景It was winter. The north wind has blowing hard and a heavy snow was falling. A poor little girl was walking in the street. 用在复合句中He was reading while his wife was cooking. While he was driving, he was thinking about the matter.过去 进行 时不与时间状语连用，表示逐渐的发展It was getting darker.对现在的影响或动作与状态的持续现在 完成 时常与有介词 for, during, in within, over 引导的时间状语连用We have discussed the topic (for) the last 3 weeks. I haven’t seen him in the recent years. 表示反复或习惯性的动作，常与 several times, once, twice, 等频度副词 连用I have watched him several times. He has been to London twice.用在时间，条件状语从句中，表示从 句动作先于主句动作之前已完成。

I will give my opinion after I have read through the book. We will set out at once if the rain has stopped 表示从过去某一时刻开始的动作一直 延续到现在，甚至将来 （强调进行 的过程）He is ill. he has been lying in bed for three weeks. She is very tired. she has been typing letters all day.现在 完成 进行 时一直到现在为止的一段时间内一再反 复进行的动作All these years they have been contributing articles to our magazine.表示过去的过去；一直延续到过去某 一点的动作或状态I received a letter from a friend yesterday. We had not heard from each other since 1990 表示原本打算实现而未实现的希望或 计划常用此结构德动词有 hope, want, expect, think, mean, suppose, intend 等 We had hoped to catch the 9:30 train, but we failed to. T。