山东省2021年高考英语二轮复习 专题整合突破十 特殊句式和交际用语.doc

2013年高考第二轮复习英语山东版十、特殊句式和交际用语真题试做1．(2012山东高考，22)—Sorry Im late.I got stuck in traffic.—______.Youre here now.Come in and sit down.A．You are welcome　　　　 B．Thats rightC．I have no idea D．Never mind2．(2011山东高考，22)—Im sorry I broke the vase.—Oh，______.It wasnt very expensive.A．youd better not B．Im afraid notC．as you wish D．thats all right3．(2010山东高考，21)—Do you think you could do without help?—______.This is not the first time for me.A．Take care B．Hurry upC．Not exactly D．Dont worry4．(2009山东高考，27) So sudden ______ that the enemy had no time to escape.A．did the attack B．the attack didC．was the attack D．the attack was考向分析从近几年高考试题来看，特殊句式主要考查倒装句、省略句和强调句的用法，交际用语主要考查语境和英语思维习惯。

命题的着重点在以下几个方面：1．考查倒装句式，特别注意以下三种情况：(1)含有否定意义的词置于句首时，部分倒装2)only位于句首修饰状语等，部分倒装3)so/such...that句型中，so/such位于句首时，后面的主句倒装，that从句不倒装2．考查省略句的构成，尤其是以下四种情况：(1)省略主语、主语和谓语、主语和谓语的一部分2)状语从句省略为“连词＋非谓语动词”形式，务必要明确句子主语与非谓语动词的逻辑关系以及非谓语动词与谓语的时间关系3)不定式的省略4)not，so，neither，nor的“替代性”省略3．考查强调句型的构成和强调谓语的方法近几年高考更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象，加大了综合考查语法知识的力度，以下几个方面要引起高度重视：(1)强调句型的一般疑问句式和特殊疑问句式的构成2)强调not...until...句型的特殊构成方式3)把强调句型与定语从句、省略句以及强调句型与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合到一起考查学生综合把握语法知识的能力4．考查习惯应答类交际用语考查的方式以应答为主、提问为辅，侧重考查上下句在语气上的和谐一致以及考生的英语思维意识要求考生掌握一些常见的诸如打、问路、购物等交际话题的固定套语，以及表示感谢、道歉、请求等的应答用语。

5．考查语言结构类交际用语常以习惯用法和变异句(如省略句)的方式呈现，侧重考查考生的识记能力和知识积累要求考生依据对话情景和所掌握的正确交际用语来作出选择热点例析考点一：倒装句1．全部倒装常见的情况：(1)here/there/out/in/up/down/away等副词置于句首，句子主语又是名词时，须用全部倒装语序如：Here is a letter for you.Out rushed the children.Away went the boy.句子主语是代词时，不用倒装语序如：Here she comes.Out they rushed.(2)有的句子为了保持前后平衡、使上下文紧密衔接，或为了表达生动，或为了强调表语或状语，常采用全部倒装语序如：Present at the meeting will be the person who thinks up an idea for this programme.(3)表示地点的介词短语位于句首时，须用全部倒装语序如：In front of his house sat a small boy.(4)so/neither/nor置于句首，表示前面的情况也适用于另一者时，须用全部倒装语序。

如：He is a doctor.So is his wife.I have never been there，and neither has he.so位于句首，但表示对前面所说情况的认同和强调、前后主语一致时，不用倒装，这时 so意为“的确，确实，真的” 如：—He can speak English.—So he can.【典例分析】 (2012四川高考，5)This is not my story，nor______the whole story.My story plays out differently.A．is there　　　　　　　 B．there isC．is it D．it is答案为C项句意：这不是我的故事，也不是整个故事我的故事结局是不同的nor位于句首时，应用倒装结构该句主语应该是it而不是there be句型，故选C项2010重庆高考，33) At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River ______，one of the ten largest cities in China.A．lies Chongqing B．Chongqing liesC．does lie Chongqing D．does Chongqing lie答案为A项。

表示地点或方位的副词、介词短语等位于句首作状语时，句子应用全部倒装，故选A项2．部分倒装常见的情况：(1)含有否定意义的副词或连词never/not/nowhere/little/seldom/hardly/not only/no sooner等置于句首时，须用部分倒装语序如：Never shall I forget it.Hardly had I reached the bus stop when the bus started.(2)only置于句首，修饰状语时，须用部分倒装语序如：Only in this way can you learn English well.(3)as意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句时，须用部分倒装语序，把表语、状语或动词原形提前，并且作表语的名词提前时，不能带有冠词如：Pretty as she is，she is not clever.Try as he would，he might fail again.(4)表示“如此……以至于……”的so/such...that...句型，为强调而把so/such...置于句首时，须用部分倒装语序如：So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself.Such a nice man did he seem that we all believe him.【典例分析】 (2012上海高考，29) Only with the greatest of luck ______ to escape from the rising flood waters.A．managed she B．she managedC．did she manage D．she did manage答案为C项。

only位于句首修饰状语时，后面的句子要用部分倒装语序，故C项正确2012辽宁高考，32)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago ______ having a holiday abroad.A．he had considered B．had he consideredC．he considered D．did he consider答案为D项句意：直到他三年前从教学岗位上退休，他才考虑去国外度假否定意义的副词置于句首时，句子要采用部分倒装语序，且根据retired判断应用一般过去时，故D项正确2012陕西高考，18)Hot ______ the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.A．although B．asC．while D．however答案为B项句意：尽管晚上天气很热，我们还是睡得很沉，因为经过长时间的旅行之后我们太累了as 引导让步状语从句时需用倒装，其形式是将作表语的形容词或名词置于句首。

考点二：省略句1．不定式的省略某些动词后面可省略作宾语的不定式而只保留to但to后有系动词be或助动词have时，be和have也应保留如：He did not give me the chance，though he had promised to (give me the chance)．—Are you an engineer?—No，but I want to be (an engineer)．—He hasnt finished the task yet.—Well，he ought to have (finished the task)．2．在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语一致时，从句主语可以省略，同时将从句的谓语动词变为分词形式如果主语与从句谓语是主动关系，用现在分词；如果是被动关系，用过去分词如：While waiting/he was waiting there，he saw two pretty girls come out of the building.If not/he is not invited，he wont go to your birthday party.3．在时间、地点、条件、让步等状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it，其后动词是be时，可省去“主语＋be” 部分。

如：When (he was) still a boy of ten，he had to work day and night.If (it is) necessary，Ill explain to you again.4．表示“除了”的介词but前若有实义动词do/does/did/done，后面的动词不定式不带to如：I could do nothing but wait there.介词but前若没有动词do及其变化形式，后面的不定式带to如：We had no choice but to obey the rules.【典例分析】 (2012课标全国高考，32)Film has a much shorter history，especially when ______ such art forms as music and painting.A．having compared to B．comparing toC．compare to D．compared to答案为D。