解读小说《哈克贝利183费恩历险记》中动物的功能.docx

本文格式为Word版，下载可任意编辑解读小说《哈克贝利183费恩历险记》中动物的功能 解读小说《哈克贝利费恩历险记》中动物的功能 这是一幅人与自然界的动物们和谐共存的画面，表达了马克吐温对儿时喜悦生活的憧憬，同时激发读者对浪漫自由生活的敬仰这里有必要指出触摸死蛇皮据说会带来厄运，而活的蛇那么不会历险小说中动物通常被描写成仆人公的挚友小说《哈克贝利费恩历险记》结果一片面哈克贝利营救吉姆表达了这种人与动物间友爱的浪漫fontgbd529a5rfjgib font= A prisoner's got to have some kind of a dumb pet. Every animal is grateful for kindness and petting, and they wouldn't think of hurting a person that pets them. Any book will tell you that—you can get him so in a little while that he'll love you; sleep with you; and won't stay away from you a minute.(Mark Twain, 2022:354) 在马克吐温的另一部小说《汤姆索亚历险记》中有类似的描述： Now, far away in the words a bird called; another answered; presently the hammering of a woodpecker was heard. Gradually the cool dim gray of the morning whitened, and as gradually sounds multiplied and life manifested itself. The marvel of Nature shaking off sleep and going to work unfolded itself to the musing boy.(Mark Twain, 2022: 106) 在Lewis Carroll的《爱丽丝仙境奇遇记》中也有表达。

小说中爱丽丝进入了生活着各种动物的神秘世界，如：白兔、毛虫、猫等动物们都像挚友一样热心扶助爱丽丝在目生的岛上的奇遇生活fontgbd529a5rfjgib font= 现代文学作品中以动物为浪漫象征更多，动物们在作品中是挚友、媒人甚至是小孩，传达着良善、正直、忠诚和爱作家Narhirue Dorfman在Living with Animals: A Wonderful Madness中描写了他心爱的动物宠物和他们间的亲近关系他认为和动物相伴的日子有时可能会有点忙乱 ；但是假设没有它们，生活将不知有多空虚和无聊不仅如此，他认为动物对人的爱让他懂得并学会了感恩 自然界的动物是自由心爱的，人与动物的关系是和谐的，而文明的人类社会与动物的关系却很纷乱，挣扎生存的动物生活是凄凉的小说其次十一章中有对猪和狗生活的细致描述： The hogs loafed and grunted around everywhere. You'd see a muddy sow and a litter of pigs come laying along the street and whollop herself right down in the way, where folks had to walk around her, and she'd stretch out and shut her eyes and wave her ears whilst the pigs was milking her, and look as happy as if she was on salary—There couldn't anything wake them up all over, and make them happy all over, like a dogfight—unless it might be putting turpentine on a stray dog and setting fire to him, or trying a tin pan to his tail and see him run himself to death.(Mark Twain,2022: 89) 文字描写粗野的市民如何在猪狗身上泼汽油放火磨折动物来取乐，生活在人类社会的动物们的凄凉遇到反衬了当时社会风气的恶劣和人类的残忍。

人与动物的比较表现表达了马克吐温对动物的赞美与可怜，对所谓文明人类的厌恶和否决，正如马克吐温说过：“Heaven is by favor; if it were by merit your dog would go in and you would stay out.”和“If you pick up a starving dog and make him prosperous, he will not bite you. That is the difference between a dog and a man.”(Mark Twain Quotes, URL: 人类与动物的比较在马克吐温的另一部短篇小说A Dog's Tale中表现得淋漓尽致小说描写一只叫Aileen的狗在新家里紧遵妈妈的话努力做一条听话温情的好狗一天当仆人家的婴儿房着火了，Aileen害怕地朝门外跑，但是此时它想起了妈妈说的话，当碰见危害时，不要只想到自己Aileen跑回到婴儿房，冲进火中救出婴儿然而深感骄傲的它却被仆人误 — 3 —。