人工智能英文文献原文及译文.doc

附件四英文文献原文ArtificialIntelligence"Artificialintelligence"isawordwasoriginallyDartmouthin1956toputforward.Fromthenon,researchershavedevelopedmanytheoriesandprinciples,theconceptofartificialintelligenceisalsoexpands.Artificialintelligenceisachallengingjobofscience,thepersonmustknowcomputerknowledge,psychologyandphilosophy.Artificialintelligenceisincludedawiderangeofscience,itiscomposedofdifferentfields,suchasmachinelearning,computervision,etc,onthewhole,theresearchonartificialintelligenceisoneofthemaingoalsofthemachinecandosomeusuallyneedtoperformcomplexhumanintelligence.Butindifferenttimesanddifferentpeopleinthe"complex"understandingisdifferent.Suchasheavyscienceandengineeringcalculationwassupposedtobethebraintoundertake,nowcomputercannotonlycompletethiscalculation,andfasterthanthehumanbraincanmoreaccurately,andthusthepeoplenolongerputthiscalculationisregardedas"theneedtoperformcomplexhumanintelligence,complextasks"workisdefinedasthedevelopmentofTheTimesandtheprogressoftechnology,artificialintelligenceisthescienceofspecifictargetandnatureasTheTimeschangeanddevelopment.Ontheonehanditcontinuestogainnewprogressontheonehand,andturningtomoremeaningful,themoredifficultthetarget.Currentcanbeusedtostudythemainmaterialofartificialintelligenceandartificialintelligencetechnologytorealizethemachineisacomputer,thedevelopmenthistoryofartificialintelligenceiscomputerscienceandtechnologyandthedevelopmenttogether.Besidesthecomputerscienceandartificialintelligencealsoinvolvesinformation,cybernetics,automation,bionics,biology,psychology,logic,linguistics,medicineandphilosophyandmulti-discipline.Artificialintelligenceresearchinclude:knowledgerepresentation,automaticreasoningandsearchmethod,machinelearningandknowledgeacquisitionandprocessingofknowledgesystem,naturallanguageprocessing,computervision,intelligentrobot,automaticprogramdesign,etc.Practicalapplicationofmachinevision:fingerprintidentification,facerecognition,retinaidentification,irisidentification,palm,expertsystem,intelligentidentification,search,theoremprovinggame,automaticprogramming,andaerospaceapplications.Artificialintelligenceisasubjectcategories,belongtothedooredgedisciplineofnaturalscienceandsocialscience.Involvingscientificphilosophyandcognitivescience,mathematics,neurophysiological,psychology,computerscience,informationtheory,cybernetics,notqualitativetheory,bionics.Theresearchcategoryofnaturallanguageprocessing,knowledgerepresentation,intelligentsearch,reasoning,planning,machinelearning,knowledgeacquisition,combinedschedulingproblem,perception,patternrecognition,logicdesignprogram,softcalculation,inaccurateanduncertainty,themanagementofartificiallife,neuralnetwork,andcomplexsystem,humanthinkingmodeofgeneticalgorithm.Applicationsofintelligentcontrol,robotics,languageandimageunderstanding,geneticprogrammingrobotfactory.SafetyproblemsArtificialintelligenceiscurrentlyinthestudy,butsomescholarsthinkthatlettingcomputershaveIQisverydangerous,itmaybeagainsthumanity.Thehiddendangerinmanymoviehappened.ThedefinitionofartificialintelligenceDefinitionofartificialintelligencecanbedividedintotwoparts,namely"artificial"or"intelligent"."Artificial"betterunderstanding,alsoiscontroversial.Sometimeswewillconsiderwhatpeoplecanmake,orpeoplehavehighdegreeofintelligencetocreateartificialintelligence,etc.Butgenerallyspeaking,"artificialsystem"isusuallysignificanceofartificialsystem.Whatisthe"smart",withmanyproblems.Thisinvolvesothersuchasconsciousness,ego,thinking(includingtheunconsciousthoughtsetc.Peopleonlyknowofintelligenceisoneintelligent,thisistheuniversalviewofourown.Butweareverylimitedunderstandingoftheintelligenceoftheintelligentpeopleconstituteelementsarenecessarytofind,soitisdifficulttodefinewhatis"artificial"manufacturing"intelligent".Sotheartificialintelligenceresearchofteninvolvedinthestudyofintelligentitself.Otheraboutanimalorotherartificialintelligencesystemiswidelyconsideredtoberelatedtothestudyofartificialintelligence.Artificialintelligenceiscurrentlyinthecomputerfield,themoreextensiveattention.Andintherobot,economicandpoliticaldecisions,controlsystem,simulationsystemapplication.Inotherareas,italsoplayedanindispensablerole.ThefamousAmericanStanforduniversityprofessornelsonartificialintelligenceresearchcenterofartificialintelligenceundersuchadefinition:"artificialintelligenceabouttheknowledgeofthesubjectisandhowtorepresentknowledge--howtogainknowledgeanduseofscientificknowledge.ButanotherAmericanMITprofessorWinstonthought:"artificialintelligenceishowtomakethecomputertodowhatonlycandointelligentwork."Thesecommentsreflecttheartificialintelligencedisciplinebasicideasandbasiccontent.Namelyartificialintelligenceisthestudyofhumanintelligenceactivities,hascertainlaw,researchofartificialintelligencesystem,howtomakethecomputertocompletebeforetheintelligenceneedstodowork,alsoistostudyhowtheapplicationofcomputerhardwareandsoftwaretosimulatehumansomeintelligentbehaviorofthebasictheory,methodsandtechniques.Artificialintelligenceisabranchofcomputerscie。