(可编)实验一、燃烧热的测定实验数据处理示例.docx
8页实验一、燃烧热的测定 (氧弹法 ) 实验数据处理示例实验数据处理示例 1(一)量热计热容 (水当量 ) 的测定实验数据如下:时间 (min) 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5温度 (℃) 21.382 21.385 21.388 21.391 21.394 21.397 21.420 21.835 22.523时间 (min) 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0温度 (℃) 23.785 23.831 23.866 23.898 23.924 23.951 23.972 23.991 24.009样品(苯甲酸)质量 m=0.8562g;其燃烧值为:C 24.500-26460 J/g 0×.8562g=-22655.05J ○ 24.000T作图如下: 23.50023.00022.50022.00021.500由图可得 : 21.0000 2 4 6 8T=23.714-21.430 =2.284,图1 量热计热容的测定∵ l Ql≈0, ∴ -nQV- l Ql = c ΔTC =-n QV / ΔT计算得:量热计热容为 c= (22655.05 J) /2.284 = 9919.02 J/K。
二)蔗糖燃烧热的测定实验数据如下:时间 (min) 0.5温度 (℃)20.736时间 (min)6.0温度 (℃)22.607'.1.020.7446.522.6541.520.7527.022.6862.020.7567.522.7122.520.7608.022.7243.020.7648.522.7283.520.9829.022.7314.021.7329.522.7334.522.23210.022.735.5.023.21710.524.0145.523.71411.024.01710 12t (min)5.022.44710.522.7375.522.53311.022.739.萘的质量为: m = 1.1302 g图如下: 23.000C 0T22.50022.00021.50021.00020.5000 2 4 6图2 蔗糖燃烧热的测定8 10 12t (min)测得: T=1.886 K; c = 9919.02 J/K计算得萘的燃烧热为:-( W 样/M 样) QV = C 量 ×ΔT QV = -( C 量 ×Δ ×( M 样/ W 样) =蔗糖 M=342 g/mol-5660844.9 J/mol = -5660.8 kJ/mol(三)结果讨论与分析实验结果偏大 ,可能是忽略了铁丝的燃烧值引起的。
'.苯 甲 酸 萘22.1922.1822.1622.2021.7021.8320.6921.0321.3222.1519.6319.9618.8819.9920.0020.0019.9819.9819.97.实验数据处理示例 2实验数据:点火前的温度 (每隔 1min)18.1218.1218.1318.1418.1518.1618.1718.1718.1818.1919.8819.9820.2820.3020.3120.3220.3420.3620.3820.39点火过程中的温度 (每隔 15s) 点火后的温度每隔 1min)18.22 19.9418.5419.9819.1719.3719.5319.9919.7219.8219.9022.1722.1822.1921.5422.2222.2021.9822.0722.1022.15'..由苯甲酸燃烧计算出热量计的水的总当量: 8386.78再由图 2 可以计算出萘的恒容燃烧热为: 35310.42J/g,苯甲酸萘质量 (g)0.83270.4794燃烧丝长度 (cm)8.54.65T( ℃)2.632.02'.。





