《江苏省常州市潞城中学九年级英语 易混词组、短语辨析复习》.doc

易混词组、短语辨析1　a bit/ a little 这两个词都意为“一点儿”有时可以互换，但有时不能Ⅰ．二者作程度副词修饰形容词、副词、动词或比较级时，意义相同，为“一点儿” “有些”如：① I am a bit / a little hungry. 我有点饿② He walked a bit / a little slowly. 他走路有点慢Ⅱ．二者都可以作名词词组，充当主语或宾语如：① A little / bit is enough for me. 我有一点儿就够了② I know only a little / a bit about her. 我对她的情况只了解一点a little可直接修饰名词；a bit后须加of才可以如：①. There is a little water in the bottle. = There is a bit of water in the bottle.[注意] a little of 后的名词通常特指，表“……中的一些”，如： ①May I have a little of your tea?Ⅳ. 否定形式 not a little 作状语，相当于very/ quite, “很”， “非常”；作定语和宾语时，相当于much, 意为 “许多”。

而not a bit 作状语时，相当于not at all, 意为“一点也不”，作宾语时则相当于not much. Eg:① He is not a little (=very) hungry. 他饿极了② He is not a bit (=not at all) hungry.他一点也不饿③ She ate not a little (=much). 她吃得很多Ⅴ. Not a bit 中的not 可以分开使用；not a little中的not 则不能分开Eg:① He felt not a bit tired. = He didn’t feel a bit tired. 他觉得一点也不累② He felt not a little tired. 他觉得非常累但不能说：He didn’t fell a little tired.2　 a few/ few/ a little/ littleⅠ. a few和few修饰可数名词，a little和little修饰不可数名词；a few和a little表示肯定意义，few和little表示否定意义，可受only修饰如：① Few people will agree to the plan because it’s too dangerous.②This text is easy to understand though there are a few new words in it.③ There is little water left in glass. Will you please give me some④ Don’t worry, we have a little time left.3 agree with/ agree on/ agree to(1)agree with(sb.)表示“与……意见一致”。

I don’t agree with you. 我不同意你的意见 (2)agree to(sth.)宾语一般为suggestion、plan等,“同意计划、安排” We all agreed to your plan. 我们同意你的计划 (3)agree on 表示“双方就...达成一致协议” China and the U.S.A. agreed on the place and time for the next meeting.中美双方就下次会议的时间、地点问题达成了协议4 at times / at all times / all the timeⅠ. at times “不时；偶尔”如：① The tide is , at times, very high. 潮水有时涨得高② I make mistakes at times when I speak English. 我说英语偶尔会出错Ⅱ. at all times.“随时；任何时候；总是” 如：He has a cool head at all times. 他随时都有清醒的头脑Ⅲ. all the time “一直；始终” 其中time用单数形式。

如：The baby cries all the time. 那婴儿一直哭5 another/ the other/ other/ others/ the othersⅠ. another 指不定数目中的“另一个、又一个” （三个以上）用来代替或修饰可数名词如：I don’t think the coat is good enough. Can you show me another?Ⅱ. other 泛指“另外的”修饰复数名词如：We study Chinese, maths, English and other subjects.Ⅲ. others 泛指“另外的人或物”， 但不指其余的人或物的全部如：Some like swimming, others like boating.Ⅳ. the other 指两个中的“另一个”如：He has two sons, one is in Shanghai, the other is in Beijing.Ⅴ. the others 特指某一范围内的“其余全部的人或物”如：There are thirty books on the bookshelf. Five are mine, the others are my father’s.6 at last/ finally/ in the endⅠ. at last “最后”表经过一定曲折之后某事才发生，强调努力的结果，带有较强的感情色彩。

须用一般过去时如：Did the man in the shop understand him at last?Ⅱ. finally 表动作的发生顺序是在“最后”， 无感情色彩，只用于过去时它居句首时较多① Finally he went to see the famous man himself. Ⅲ. in the end 表事物发展的自然顺序的“终结”，有时可与finally相互替换但用于将来的预测时，则只能用in the end 如：① I hope that everything will turn out all right in the end.7 at school/ in school/ in a (the) schoolⅠ. at school表示“在学校、在上学”相对于在家里或在校外如：① My son is at school now. He is not at home or somewhere else. 我儿子现在在学校，他不在家，也不在别的地方② When my brother was at school, he studied very hard. 在学校时，我兄弟学习很用功。

Ⅱ. in school “在求学、在上学”相对于有工作如：My daughter still in school She doesn’t work. 我女儿还在上学，她不在工作[注]：①和②用at school 强调所在场所或时间③中的in school 则强调主语的身份是学生因此，in school. 和 at school的着重点不一样，通常不互换使用Ⅲ. In a / the school “在学校”，不一定指上学类似的还有：in hospital “生病住院”in a / the hospital表“在医院”（工作或探视病人等）at table “在吃饭”at a / the table “在桌边”(有可能在聊天或看报）① Is your friend in school? 你的朋友在上学吗？① Your friend looked for you in the school just now. 刚才你的朋友在学校里找你② Children are often in hospital when they are young. 孩子们小的时候经常生病住院③ She is a good doctor in the hospital .她是医院里的一名好大夫。

8 at the top of/ on the top ofⅠ. at the top of “在……顶点上、在……上”At 表示点，在句子中用作状语，反义短语常为 at the bottom of “在……底部”； on (the) top of 中的on 表示部位上的接触，意思是“在……之上、在……上面”反义短语常为at the foot of “在……脚底下”如：① He shouted at the top of his voice. 他高声地叫喊② He is at the top of the class.他居全班之首位Will you please put this box on (the) top of the books.请你这个盒子放在那些书的上面好吗？9 at the end of ,by the end of ,to the end ,in the end﹡ at the end of 可表示时间，也可表示地点，指“在……末（底）”、“在……末端（尽头）”； ﹡ by the end of 仅表示时间，指“在……前”、“到……为止”；at the end of指过去或将来时间上的一个点，往往与一个行为动作相关，常与一般过去时或一般将来时连用；by the end of 不指一个时间点，而是指某一时间点以前或到某一时间点为止，强调的是状态或结果，而不是行为，常与完成时连用。

如：We had a class meeting at the end of last week.上周末我们开了一个班会/By the end of this term we has learned sixteen units.到这个学期为止，我们已经学了16个单元. ﹡ to the end常与运动性或持续性动词连用，表示“到（某一）终点为止”，指地点，也可指时间如:We should go on with the work to the end.我们应把工作进行到底/Follow this road to the end and you will see a post office.走到这条路的尽头，你会看到一家邮局 ﹡ in the end后不接任何单词，表示“最后、终于“，相当于at last ,finally.如：They won the game in the end.我们最终赢得了比赛10 by the way/ on the way/ in the way(1)by the way 常用作状语，意为“顺便问一下”,“顺便说一下” (2)on the way “在……的路上”，后接名词时需加介词to,后接副词home、here、there时不加to。

(3)in the way “挡路、妨碍” 例]Your car is in 。