初中英语情态动词讲解练习及答案.docx

情态动词入考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1. sometimes/ some times/sometime/ some time:sometimes: 有时”=at times. He is sometimes late for school.some times: 几次" I have been to Nanjing some times.sometime: 某〜时亥U " I bought it sometime last spring.Wd ll meet again sometimenext week.some time: ——段时间 ” We have to stay here for some time.2. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little(1)many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词；都表示许多例如：许多书许多牛奶(2)a few和a little都表示"有一点儿"，侧重于肯定，相当于"some”,但a few修饰可数名词, a little修饰不可数名词，例如：He has a few friends in London.---Would you like some coffee?---Yes, just a little.(3)few和little表示"几乎没有",侧重否定。

few后接可数名词，little后接不可数名词例如:He is a strange man. He has few words.Hurry up, there is little time left.【固定搭配】加-ingbe busy doing sth. 忙于做 eg: Mother is busy cooking.look forward to + doing sth. 期待做 eg: Tom looks forward to seeing his father again.Thank you for (doing) sth.为了 •・感谢你 eg: Thank you for your help.{have fun doing sth 愉快地做某事eg: I had great fun playing in the water.=have a good time doing stheg: I had a good time playing in the water.have problem/trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事有困难eg: I have difficulty finishing my homework in 2 hours.【情态动词】又叫情态助动词。

它们具有以下特点:⑴ 它们必须与其他动词连用，即：情态动词+动词原形表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等⑵绝大多数情态动词没有人称和数的变化,即第三人称单数不加-s(以be和have开头的情态动词短语除外)⑶ 在意义上，情态动词具有多义性例：can既可表示能力，又可表示可能、允许等意义情态动词的基本用法】1. can的基本用法:⑴表示体力或智力上的能力，即 能够，会"，可与be able to转换例： He can speak English. = He is able to speak English.-Can you play basketball?-No, I can '. t如果表示 将来 具备的能力,要用 will be able to例：If I have a good sleep, I will be able to do the problem.⑵ 表示许可，主要用于口语，书面语一般用may例： 一Can we go home now, please?-No, you can '. tYou can only smoke in this room.You can ' keep the library books for more than a month.⑶表示“可能”，与may同义，但一般用在疑问句中。

例： What can he possibly want?在否定句中，否定形式can't表示推测 不大可能”例： Anybody can make mistakes.The news can ' be true.与第一、二人称连用时，还可以就可能的解决问题的方式或可能的行为提出建议在这里,也可用could使语气婉转例：Can / Could we meet again next week? 下周我们可以再见面吗？—What shall we do? 我们怎么办呢？一We can / could try asking Lucy for help.我们可以请露茜帮忙试试看You can / could help me with the cooking.你可以帮我做饭2. may的基本用法：⑴ 表示“许可”，用can比较口语化例：You may / can come if you wish. 如果你想来，你就来You may not pick flowers in this park.本公园内不许摘花may not表示按规定不许可，如果用 mustn'则表示说话人不许可—May| I smoke here?我可以在这里抽烟吗？—No, you.mustn ',不行。

mustn '表示明确的禁止⑵ 肯定句中表示推测，“可能”例：It may rain tomorrow.明天可能会下雨The news may not be true.这个消息可能不会是真的注意：如果在那问句卬表示“可能”，通常用 国例：Can it be true?那会是真的吗？Who can he be?他究竟是谁呢？⑶ 【注意】：—|May | I/we?— Yes, you may./— No, you mustn' .t3. must的基本用法：⑴表示必须，强调说话人的主观意志例：I must go now, or Ill be late.You must be here by ten o clock.【注意】：表示"必须"时， must的否定式为needn' t,或don't have to，而不是mustn' b也就是： 一Must I/we do it now ?-Yes, you must .-No, you needn [/don ' have to .例：—Must I go with them?— No, you.⑵ 表示推测，一般只用于 肯定陈述句，表示非常肯定。

例：She didn ' t look at me. Shm ust be angry.她不朝我看，一定是生气了He is good at English. He must know the word.他英语好，准知道这个词You must be Mr. Jones.想必您就是琼斯先生吧4. have to的基本用法：have to可视为情态动词，但它与其他情态动词在用法上稍有不同其他情态动词没有人称和数的 变化，而have to却有人称和数的变化，要视主语的不同而变化例：I / You / We / They have to ….He / She / It has to •••.You don ' have to •••.Does she have to •••?have to =have got to , 意思是“必须.不得不 “和must不同之处：must强调主观需要have to强调客观需要例：Sorry, I have to leave now.对不起，现在我得走了I've got to go to a meeting. 我得去参加一个会议Will he have to work deep into the night? 他将不得不工作到深夜吗？5. need的基本用法：need的基本词义是 需要”，它既可作情态动词.又可作实义动词 。

⑴need用作情态动词 时，只用于否定句和疑问句它只有一种形式，后接动词原形例：I don ' t believe yoneed worry.我相信你没有必要焦急— Need we go so soon?我们需要这么早就去吗？-Yes, we must. / No, we needn '. t是的，必须/不，不必So I needn 'tell him, need I? 所以我不需要告诉他，对吧？请比较以下两句话的不同意思：You needn ' t buye coat.你没有必要买那件外衣你还没买）You needn ' t have bougthe coat.你没有必要买这件外衣的而你却买了）【注意】：—Need I/we?-Yes. you must |./—No, you| needn ; / don ' have to .⑵need用作兄C动词时,,有时态、人称和数的变化如果人作主语，一般后接带to的动词不定式即 need to do sth ；如果 物作主语 , 一般后用 need to be done 或 need doing sth 例如：I need to look up this word in the dictionary.My watch needs mending /to be mended .我的手表需要修理了。

We don ' t need) work today. (= We needn ' work today.) Does he need to go right now? (= Need he go right now?)6. had better的基本用法：to的动词不定式had bette r常略作'd better现代语法认为它是一个助动词，因为它后接不带 had better do sth |意思是 最好做某事；还是做某事比较好”例：You' d betteget some sleep.你最好睡一会儿You ' d better nodo that again.你最好别再做那件事What had we better do now? 我们现在怎么做才好呢？Hadn' we better tell her the truth? 我们是否最好不告诉她真相？［注意］: You' d better …表示劝告或委婉的命令，对长辈不宜使用7. could, should, would, might表示推测:①.must多用于肯定句中表示 把握性极大的推测，意思为〜定、肯定”如：You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你已辛苦工作一整天了 ，一定累了。

The book must be his. His name is on the cover.这本书一定是他的，封面上写着他的名字注意】must不表推测时，在肯定句中意思为必须(强调内在的职责)”在否定句中意思为 不许、禁止”以它开头的疑问句否定回答常用needn'或don' t (doesn ' t) have to如:We must obey the traffic rules。