马丁路德金(中英详尽介绍).ppt

马丁 路德 金,,马丁· 路德· 金,Martin Luther King, Jr. (January 15, 1929 ——April 4, 1968) was one of the pivotal leaders of the American civil rights movement. King was a Baptist minister, one of the few leadership roles available to black men at the time. He became a civil rights activist early in his career. He led the Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955——1956) and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (1957), serving as its first president.,,马丁· 路德· 金,（1929年1月15日–1968 年4月4日 ）是美国民权 运动的重要领导者。

金 是一个浸信会牧师，一 个在当时黑人男性提供 的一些领导角色他成 为民权活动家在他早期 的职业生涯他领导了 蒙哥马利公共汽车抵制 （1955–1956），帮助建 立了南方基督教领袖会 议（1957），担任其第 一任总统,,背景,美国1861年的内战，虽然解放了黑奴，但美国的种族隔离仍然持续，尤其在南部，黑人不能入读白人学校、不能在招待白人的餐厅进食、不能乘坐同一辆公共汽车、或必须让座给白人北部情况较佳，但黑人的待遇仍然很差遭受白人的白眼、嘲笑、羞辱,,,糟糕的健康状况,,,,,美国的黑人在20世纪50年代，展开争取民权的运动南部一名黑人妇女拒绝让座给白人而被捕的事件，激起持续的抗议行动当时在教会当传道人的马丁路德金（Martin Luther King），亦投入争取黑人民权运动的行列1963年8月28日， 25万人响应马丁路德金的号召，在美国首都华盛顿游行，争取立法保障黑人的权利马丁路德金在林肯纪念馆前的石阶，对群众发表著名的「我有一个梦想」（I have a Dream）演说，希望白人和黑人有一天可平等地生活在一起1963年8月28日在华盛顿25万黑人的集会上发表演讲,I have a dream,Martin Luther King,Jr.,,,Highlights I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream today! I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of “interposition“ and “nullification“ -- one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. I have a dream today! I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, and every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight; “and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together.“? This is our hope, and this is the faith that I go back to the South with. With this faith, we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith, we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith, we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.,,,And this will be the day -- this will be the day when all of God's children will be able to sing with new meaning: My country 'tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing. Land where my fathers died, land of the Pilgrim's pride, From every mountainside, let freedom ring! And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true. And so let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire. Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York. Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania. Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado. Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California. But not only that: Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia. Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee. Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi. From every mountainside, let freedom ring. And when this happens, when we allow freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual: Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!,,,精彩片段 我梦想有一天，这个国家会站立起来，真正实现其信条的真谛：“我们认为真理是不言而喻，人人生而平等。

我梦想有一天，在佐治亚的红山上，昔日奴隶的儿子将能够和昔日奴隶主的儿子坐在一起，共叙兄弟情谊 我梦想有一天，甚至连密西西比州这个正义匿迹，压迫成风，如同沙漠般的地方，也将变成自由和正义的绿洲 我梦想有一天，我的四个孩子将一个不是以他们的肤色，而是以他们的品格优劣来评价他们的国度里生活 今天，我有一个梦想我梦想有一天，亚拉巴马州能够有所转变，尽管该州州长现在仍然满口异议，反对联邦法令，但有朝一日，那里的黑人男孩和女孩将能与白人男孩和女孩情同骨肉，携手并进 今天，我有一个梦想 我梦想有一天，幽谷上升，高山下降；坎坷曲折之路成坦途，圣光披露，满照人间 这就是我们的希望我怀着这种信念回到南方有了这个信念，我们将能从绝望之岭劈出一块希望之石有了这个信念，我们将能把这个国家刺耳的争吵声，改变成为一支洋溢手足之情的优美交响曲 有了这个信念，我们将能一起工作，一起祈祷，一起斗争，一起坐牢，一起维护自由；因为我们知道，终有一天，我们是会自由的 在自由到来的那一天，上帝的所有儿女们将以新的含义高唱这支歌：“我的祖国，美丽的自由之乡，我为您歌唱您是父辈逝去的地方，您是最初移民的骄傲，让自由之声响彻每个山岗。

如果美国要成为一个伟大的国家，这个梦想必须实现！ 让自由之声从新罕布什尔州的巍峨的崇山峻岭响起来！ 让自由之声从纽约州的崇山峻岭响起来！ 让自由之声从宾夕法尼亚州的阿勒格尼山响起来！ 让自由之声从科罗拉多州冰雪覆盖的落基山响起来！ 让自由之声从加利福尼亚州蜿蜒的群峰响起来！ 不仅如此，还要让自由之声从佐治亚州的石岭响起来！ 让自由之声从田纳西州的了望山响起来！ 让自由之声从密西西比的每一座丘陵响起来！ 让自由之声从每一片山坡响起来！ 当我们让自由之声响起，让自由之声从每一个大小村庄、每一个州和每一个城市响起来时，我们将能够加速这一天的到来，那时，上帝的所有儿女，黑人和白人，犹太教徒和非犹太教徒，耶稣教徒和天主教徒，都将手携手，合唱一首古老的黑人灵歌：“自由啦！自由啦！感谢全能上帝，我们终于自由啦！。