专题二介词和数词课件.ppt

英语,专题二介词和数词,介词,中考对介词的考查主要是介词的基本用法和介词的辨析学习重点应放在以下三点：,1,表时间、地点、方式等介词的用法；,2,介词短语及介词与其他词的搭配使用；,3,同义或近义介词辨析高频考向一表时间的介词,at,，,in,与,on,表示时间点用,at,如：,at six oclock,，,at noon,，,at midnight,表示在某个世纪、某年、某月、某个季节以及早晨、上午、下午、晚上时,，,用,in,如：,in May,，,in winter,，,in the morning,，,in the afternoon,等表示具体的某一天和某一天的上午、下午、晚上时,，,用,on,如：,on Monday,，,on July 1st,，,on Sunday morning,等since,与,after,由,since,和,after,引导的词组都可表示从过去某一时间点开始的时段,，,但,since,词组表示的时段一直延续到说话的时刻,，,因而往往要与现在完成时连用而,after,词组所表示的时段为过去,，,因而要与一般过去时连用如：,They have lived here since 1978.,自从,1978,年,，,他们就住在这儿。

After five days the boy came back.,五天后这个男孩回来了in,与,after,in,与将来时态连用时,，,表示,“,过多长时间以后,”,的意思,，,后面跟表示一段时间的词语对此提问用,How soon,after,与将来时态连用时,，,后面只能跟表示时间点的词语；,after,与过去时态连用时,，,后面才能跟表示一段时间的词语如：,He will be back in two months.,他将在两个月后回来He returned after a month.,他一个月后回来了for,与,since,for,可以指过去、现在或将来,，,着重说明,“,多久,”,，,后面接时间段since,意为,“,自从,起,”,，,多与完成时连用,，,后面接时间点或从句since,引导的从句通常为一般过去时且两者作介词所描述的动作都是持续性动作,，,since,引导从句时,，,主句的动作是持续性的如：,He has lived here for 2 weeks.,他在这儿住了两个星期了He has lived here since 2 weeks ago.,他两周前就住这儿了。

Its five years since he left school.,他毕业五年了例,1,】,Teachers Day is _ September 10.,(,2016,，,成都,),A,in,B,on,C,at,解析：,具体的某一天应用介词,on,答案：,_,B,_,【,例,2,】,How long have you lived in the new building?,_ 2013.,A,In B,After C,Since D,Before,解析：,表示,“,自从,起,”,应用介词,since,，,后常接时间点或从句答案：,_,C,_,【,例,3,】,_ the exam,，,well say goodbye to our dear teachers,，,classmates as well as our beautiful school.,A,In B,For,C,After D,Through,解析：,由后半句,“,我们将和亲爱的老师、同学以及美丽的校园说再见,”,可推断应是考试后答案：,_,C,_,【,例,4,】,For many Western people,，,they drink cold water even _ winter.,A,on B,for C,at D,in,解析：,季节前面应用介词,in,。

答案：,_,D,_,高频考向二表示地点和位置的介词,at,，,in,与,on,at,一般指小地方；,in,一般指大地方或某个范围之内；,on,往往表示,“,在某个物体的表面,”,如：,He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.,昨天他到达了上海They arrived at a small village before dark.,天黑前,，,他们到达了一个小村子The teacher put up a picture on the wall.,这个老师在墙上贴了一张画over,，,above,与,on,over,，,on,和,above,都可表示,“,在,上面,”,，,但具体含义不同over,表示位置高于某物,，,在某物的正上方,，,其反义词是,under,；,above,也表示位置高于某物,，,但不一定在正上方,，,其反义词是,below,；,on,指两个物体表面有接触,，,一个在另一个的上面如：,There is a bridge over the river.,河上有座桥We flew above the clouds.,我们在云层上飞行They put some flowers on the teachers desk.,他们放了一些花在讲桌上。

in,，,on,与,to,从下图可以看出,in,表示,“,在某一范围之内,，,在,中,”,；,on,表示两个不同的个体相邻或接壤,，,即,“,毗邻；接壤,”,；,to,则表示两个个体之间有一段距离如：,Japan lies to the east of China in the east of Asia.It faces the Pacific on the east.,日本在亚洲东部,(,范围内,),，,中国东面,(,不接壤,),，,东临太平洋,(,接壤,),in front of,与,in the front of,in front of,表示,“,在某人或某物的前面,”,，,在某个范围以外；,in the front of,表示,“,在,的前部,”,，,在某个范围以内如：,There are some tall trees in front of the building.,这栋大楼前有一些高树The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.,老师坐在教室前面across,与,through,across,表示从物体表面通过,，,与,on,有关；,through,表示通过一个空间,，,与,in,有关。

如：,The boy ran across the street.,这个男孩跑过街道They walked through the forest.,他们穿过了森林below,与,under,below,“,在,下,”,，,不一定在正下方；,under,“,在,正下方,”,如：,There is a dog under the desk.,书桌下有一只小狗Write your name below the line.,在横线下方写下你的名字between,与,among,between,指两者之间；,among,指三者或三者以上的人或事物之间如：,There is a map between the door and the window.,门和窗户之间有一张地图He is sitting among the students.,他坐在学生当中例,5】,Can a plane fly _ the Atlantic Ocean?,Yes,，,but it needs to go _ the clouds for hours.,(,2015,，,烟台,),A,across,；,through B,through,；,across,C,across,；,across D,through,；,through,解析：,across,表示从物体表面通过；,through,表示从某物的内部,“,穿过,”,。

答案：,_,A,_,【,例,6,】,Jim lives _ a small village and the air there is very fresh.,(,2016,，,重庆,B,),A,on B,in C,under C,from,解析：,on,意为,“,在,之上,”,；,in,意为,“,在,里面,”,；,under,意为,“,在,下面,”,；,from,意为,“,来自,”,在一个村庄里,”,应该用介词,in,答案：,_,B,_,【,例,7,】,Did you go to Kenli during the Peach Blossom Festival,(,桃花节,)?,Yes.The flowers were beautiful.Bees were flying _ them.,A,in B,among,C,between D,through,解析：,答句句意为,“,是的,，,那些花很漂亮蜜蜂在它们中间飞来飞去在花丛中应用介词,among,答案：,_,B,_,高频考向三表示方式的介词,by,，,with,，,in,，,on,by,表示,“,以,方式、方法或手段,”,；,with,表示,“,用,工具,”,；,in,表示,“,用,方式、语言、语调或颜色,”,等；,on,则一般指用网络、电脑、电视、等。

如：,He studies English by reading aloud every day.,他通过每天大声朗读学英语How amazing,！,The boy can write with his two hands at the same time.,真神奇！这个男孩能同时用两只手写字Can you spell it in English,？你会用英语把它拼出来吗？,【,例,8,】,_ all his pocket money,，,Dan bought a present for his mother on Mothers Day.,A,With B,For C,By D,In,解析：,句意为,“,丹用他所有的零花钱在母亲节的时候给他的母亲买了一件礼物,”,，,只有,with,可以表达,“,用,工具,”,答案：,_,A,_,【,例,9,】,When I got into the room,，,Sue was talking _ the phone.,A,with B,on C,to D,in,解析：,用在交谈,，,介词应用,on,答案：,_,B,_,高频考向四介词的固定搭配,介词往往同其他词类形成了固定搭配关系。

熟记并掌握这种固定搭配关系,，,才能正确使用介词动词介词,arrive in/at,到达,ask for,请求,do well in,在,方面做得好,prefer.to.,宁愿选择,，,更喜欢,regard.as.,把,看做,laugh at,嘲笑,learn from,向,学习,leave for,出发去某地,divide.into,把,分开,separate from,分离,，,隔开,call in,召来,，,叫来,show up,赶到,，,露面,stick to,坚持,，,固守,worry about,为,担心,take(catch)hold of,抓住,take part in,参加,break into(in),闯入,take care of,照顾,，,关心,，,保管,catch up with,跟上,，,赶上,have nothing to do with.,与,无关,look forward to,盼望,，,期待,get in the way of,妨碍,，,挡,的路,介词名词,in time,及时,on time,准时,in front of,在,前面,at fi。