基于单片机的红外测距系统设计-佳木斯大学本科毕业论文.pdf

学 术 诚 信 承 诺本人郑重声明：所呈交的论文是我个人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得研究成果尽我所知，除了文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外，论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写的研究成果，也不包含为获得佳木斯大学或其他教育机构的学位或证书所使用过的材料与我一同工作的同志对本研究所做的任何贡献均已在论文中做了明确的说明并表示了谢意签名：___________ 日期：____________关于论文使用授权的说明本人完全了解佳木斯大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，即：学校有权保留送交论文的复印件，允许论文被查阅和借阅；学校可以公布论文的全部或部分内容，可以采用影印、缩印或其他复制手段保存论文签名：___________ 导师签名：___________ 日期：____________佳木斯大学本科毕业论文（设计）第I页摘 要现代科学技术的发展，出现了很多新领域，而在测距方面先后出现了激光测距、微波雷达测距、超声波测距及红外光测距我们为了实现物体近距离、高精度的无线测量而采用了红外发射接收模块作为距离传感器，单片机作为处理器，编写A/D转换和显示程序，完成了一套简易的家用红外距离测量系统设计，系统可以高精度的实时显示所测的距离，本系统结构简单可靠、体积小、测量精度高、方便使用。

红外测距的探测距离远近皆宜，通常在几厘米到几米之间，超声波测距仪受外界因素干扰较多，很难做到厘米级别的精度激光红外一般用光速时间差方法，因光速太快，时间差太小于较远距离的，高达几十米到几公里距离，短距离则精度较低本文介绍的红外测距系统是一种基于STC89C52单片机设计的红外测距仪，可以直接快速测量出具体距离数据首先，介绍了红外传感器和本课题相关内容，如传感器的分类、区别其次是对STC89C52单片机的应用与A/D转换应用分析其工作原理与基本结构硬件电路设计和软件流程设计的介绍在红外测距系统硬件设计中，提出了构想和可行的方案，根据其绘画出硬件电路原理图，整个程序工作的流程及各程序设计最后是对整个系统设计的测试及总结关键词：红外测距；STC89C52单片机；A/D转换；LCD显示佳木斯大学本科毕业论文（设计）第II页AbstractThe development of modern science and technology, into a lot of new areas, andsuccessively appeared in respect of ranging laser ranging, microwave radar ranging, ultrasonicand infrared range. At close range, high precision in order to achieve the object of wirelessmeasurement while using the infrared receiving module as distance sensor, single chip as theprocessor, write A/D conversion and display program, completed A set of the infrared distancemeasurement system, then push the system can real-time display of high-precision measuringdistance, the system structure is simple and reliable, small volume, high measuring accuracy,easy to use.Infrared range is suitable for the detection of distance, usually between several centimetersto several meters, ultrasonic range finder by outside factors interference is more, it's hard to docentimeter level accuracy. Laser infrared generally time difference method with the speed oflight, because of the speed too fast, time is less than the more distant, as high as dozens of metersto several kilometers distance, short distance, low precision. This paper introduces the third typeof infrared rangefinder based on STC89C52, which can measure the specific distance datadirectly. Firstly, this paper introduces the infrared sensors and the relevant content of the subject,such as the classification and the difference of the sensor. Second, the application of theSTC89C52 single chip microcomputer and the A/D conversion application. Analyze its workingprinciple and basic structure. Introduction of hardware circuit design and software process design.In infrared ranging system hardware design, and puts forward the idea and feasible scheme,according to the drawing out of the hardware circuit principle diagram, the process workingprocess and the program design. Finally, a test and summary of the overall system design.Key Words: infrared ranging; STC89C52 single chip microcomputer; A/D conversion; LCDdisplay佳木斯大学本科毕业论文（设计）第III页目 录摘 要.......................................................................................................................................... IAbstract........................................................................................................................................... II第1章 绪论................................................................................................................................. 11.1 课题的目的和意义........................................................................................................ 11.1.1 课题的目的......................................................................................................... 11.1.2 课题的意义......................................................................................................... 11.2 课题背景........................................................................................................................ 11.3 文献综述........................................................................................................................ 21.3.1 国外研究热点及发展现状................................................................................. 21.3.2 国内研究热点及发展现状................................................................................. 21.4 本领域存在的问题........................................................................................................ 31.5 本课题主要研究内容.................................................................................................... 3第2章 系统总体方案设计......................................................................................................... 42.1 方案及设计思想............................................................................................................ 42.2 元器件选择.................................................................................................................... 52.2.1 单片机选择......................................................................................................... 52.2.2 A/D转换器选择..................................................................................................52。