综英第3册unit5练习答案.doc

Unit 5Text ComprehensionI. CII. TTTFFIII. 1. Refer to Para.2-5. Professor DePaulo’s study suggests that lying is a common phenomenon and most of the lies we tell are small and insignificant. Meanwhile, as she points out, it is common that people take lies lightly: their lies have caused them little preoccupation or regret.2. Refer to Para. 3. According to the passage, the purpose of telling lies or white lies varies: women tell lies according to the principle of caring, or to spare other’s feelings, and men tell lies basically for utilitarian self-promoting purposes.3. Refer to Para.7-10. The story of Tom supports the argument that little white lies are ubiquitous, and people have taken such lies for granted, believing that they are well-intended. When he consulted with Michael Josephson, the reply is very negative: his mother-in-;aw may feel hurt when she discovers the deceit some day. Or even worse, she may question: “And what else have you lied to me about?” In short, such white lies may produce mistrust among people.4. Refer to Para.12-15. The consequences of lying are three-fold: the deceived may feel cheated and won’t trust the liar any more; the liar will lose trust and get entangled in the lies he fabricates; and, if lies proliferate endlessly, society as a whole would falter and collapse as trust is damaged or destroyed.5. Refer to Para.16. Not all white lies are unacceptable. Some falsehoods like setting somebody up for a surprise party or telling children about the tooth fairy can be justified. However, you have to consider the attitude of the deceived towards lying and the consequences, i.e. whether your act will undermine his trust in you.IV.1. When we start to tell a lie, we have entered a very intricate situation, as a lie often requires other lies until the whole structure of lies becomes so complex that it ensnares the liar.2. One is less inhibited from lying; his ability to make moral right and wrong judgments is dulled, and he may become less cautious against being caught.3. The most understandable and acceptable lies are those which are told for the sake of love and care at the expense of trust, according to the ethicists.Vocabulary (Pp. 83-84)I. 1. earth-shatteringà very important/shocking/traumatic 2. spare the other’s feelingsà avoid hurting the other’s feelings/ avoid doing something that would upset the other person 3. shaping or spinning the truth àtelling the truth with a favorable emphasis or slant/modifying the truth4. a slippery slopeàa course of action which can easily lead to something unacceptable, wrong, or disastrous5. at all costs/ at any costàunder any circumstances/ whatever might happenII. 1. supportive 2. perceived 3. prevarication 4. astounded5. undermine 6. faltered 7. fibs 8. volunteeredIII. (Word Derivation)1) unethicalethic n.→ ethical a. → unethical a.伦理学是哲学的分科。

Ethics is a branch of philosophy.她的行为不太道德His behaviour has not been strictly ethical.2) feignedfeign v. → feigned a. 有些动物遇到危险时便装死Some animals feign death when in danger.她大发雷霆，不知是真的还是假的He was consuming with indignation, real or feigned.3) unsparingspare v. → sparing a. → unsparing a. → unsparingly ad.她们把男人都杀了，但放过了孩子They killed the men but spared the children. 尼任斯基对演技精益求精一丝不苟Nijinsky was unsparing in his demands for perfection.她逼迫自己拼命干He drove himself unsparingly. 4) cynicalcynicism n. → cynic n. →cynical a.她的话带着强烈的挖苦。

His remark has a fine edge of cynicism.罗伯特是一种地道的怀疑主义者，她不会不假思考就相信任何事或任何人Roberts is a real cynic; he won't accept anything or anyone at face value.她们逐渐感到所谓民主制度也但是尔尔They’ve grown rather cynical about democracy.5) confoundedlyconfound v. → confounded a. → confoundedly ad.她的所作所为让她感到既惊愕又困惑His behaviour amazed and confounded her.你真讨厌死了！You’re a confounded nuisance! 天气太热了It’s confoundedly hot.6) lubricatedlubricate v. → lubricant n.我需要润润嗓子My throat needs lubricating.我们使用哪种润滑剂，重要取决于轴承的转速如何The sort of lubricant which we use depends largely on the running speed of the bearing.7) entangledtangle v. → tangle n. → entangle v.她的头发让带刺的铁网缠住了。

Her hair got all tangled up in the barbed wire fence.她的财务状况是一笔糊涂帐 His financial affairs are in such a tangle.她的长发让玫瑰丛给钩住了Her long hair entangled itself in the rose bush.8) Willfulwill n. → willful a.我被迫违心地在合同上签了字I was forced to sign the agreement against my will. 只要人有恒，万事皆可成A willful man must have his way. IV. (Phrase Practice)1) The governor is trying hard to ________ the scandal. cover up cover up: put sth. over sth. else so that it cannot be seen; prevent people from discovering mistakes or unpleasant factse.g. 她忘了把机器盖起来。

He had forgotten to have the machine covered up. 你怎么能掩盖自己的错误呢？How can you cover up your mistake? 2) Samantha was amazed when late one evening, Adam _______ that he loved her. blurted outblurt out: say sth. suddenly。